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| Citation: | Yang Ruyu, Huang Xiaoyan, Qin Yue, Sun Teng, Wu Chuqing, Zhu Di, Xu Nuo, Xuan Dengqi, Wang Ziqi, Lv Yan, Liu Dong, Shen Yanjun, Cao Xiaoshu, Peng Jianbing, 2026. Patterns and Mechanisms of Human-Land-Industry System Mutual Feedback in Villages of the Northern Foothills of Qinling Mountains. Earth Science, 51(2): 446-461. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.076
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The countryside is the most prominent geographical unit of contradiction between the natural environment, human activities and industrial development, and clarifying the mechanism of human-land-industry system mutual feedback in the countryside is the scientific basis for the practice of the strategy of rural revitalization. The northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains are a typical area for the study of rural human-land-industry system inter-feedback due to its sensitive geographic and environmental characteristics and the rapid development of the neighbouring socio-economies, which pose a major challenge to the coordination of the local human-land. Based on the strength of human-land coupling coordination, geomorphology, land use and tourism resources, this paper divides the countryside into eight types, explores the mechanism of interaction between the elements of the human-land-industry system, summarises the typical patterns, and puts forward a path for system optimisation and prevention of system collapse regulation.It is found that the coupling and mutual feedback are divided into four stages, namely, the period of self-sufficient human-land symbiosis, the period of labor migration and land abandonment, the period of ecological awakening of industrial integration, and the period of reconfiguration of the policy-regulated system. The human-land-industry system in the villages in the northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains is categorised into two typical mutual feedback patterns, namely agricultural characteristics and tourism characteristics, according to the industry or livelihood mode. In order to prevent system collapse, agricultural villages need to build a multi-level resilience defence system, covering disaster early warning, industrial diversification, cooperative network maintenance and dynamic policy regulation; tourism villages need to maintain sustainable development by deeply developing cultural resources, constructing a composite industry of 'tourism+', and resilient development policies to resist homogeneous competition and ecological overload risks development. The results of this study can provide a scientific basis for promoting the coordinated development of human-land-industry systems in ecologically sensitive areas.
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