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| Citation: | Li Shuang, Peng Ming, Shi Zhenming, Liu Maomao, Xia Chengzhi, Wang Yue, Zhu Yan, 2025. Simulation and Analysis of Cascading Hazard Based on Fluid-Soil Coupled SPH Method. Earth Science, 50(10): 3967-3981. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.112
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This study adopts a bidirectionally coupled SPH numerical model to accurately simulate the full evolution of a landslide-dammed lake disaster chain. The model captures large deformation of the landslide body using the Drucker-Prager criterion and achieves water–soil coupling through mixture theory and nonlinear seepage drag forces. Validated against laboratory experiments, the model successfully reproduces the Baige landslide disaster chain, with simulation results closely matching field observations. Results show that the processes of landslide motion, impulse wave generation, and dam formation can be clearly delineated by the evolution of landslide velocity and energy. Quantitative analysis reveals that increasing the internal friction angle φ from 5° to 20° leads to a linear decrease in dam length, a power-law increase in dam height, and a significant reduction in wave height. The peak wave height exhibits a linear correlation with the landslide Froude number at impact. These findings highlight the systematic influence of landslide material properties on disaster chain dynamics and offer theoretical support for hazard prediction and risk assessment in mountainous river basins.
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Bao, Y. D., Su, L. J., Chen, J. P., et al., 2023. Dynamic Process of a High-Level Landslide Blocking River Event in a Deep Valley Area Based on FDEM-SPH Coupling Approach. Engineering Geology, 319: 107108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2023.107108
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Jia, K. C., Zhuang, J. Q., Zhan, J. W., et al., 2023. Reconstruction of the Dynamic Process of the Holocene Gelongbu Landslide Blocking-Flood Geological Disaster Chain Based on Numerical Simulation. Earth Science, 48(9): 3402-3419(in Chinese with English abstract).
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Li, D. Y., Nian, T. K., Tiong, R. L. K., et al., 2023a. River Blockage and Impulse Wave Evolution of the Baige Landslide in October 2018: Insights from Coupled DEM-CFD Analyses. Engineering Geology, 321: 107169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2023.107169
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Li, S., Peng, M., Gao, L., et al., 2024a. A 3D SPH Framework for Simulating Landslide Dam Breaches by Coupling Erosion and Side Slope Failure. Computers and Geotechnics, 175: 106699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106699
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Li, S., Tang, H., Peng, C., et al., 2023b. Sensitivity and Calibration of Three-Dimensional SPH Formulations in Large-Scale Landslide Modeling. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 128(2): e2022JB024583. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022jb024583
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Li, Y., Liu, H. Q., Yang, L., et al., 2024b. An Optimized DEM-SPH Model for Surge Waves Induced by Riverside Landslides. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 48(1): 270-286. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.3638
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Long, X. Y., Hu, Y. X., Gan, B. R., et al., 2024. Numerical Simulation of the Mass Movement Process of the 2018 Sedongpu Glacial Debris Flow by Using the Fluid-Solid Coupling Method. Journal of Earth Science, 35(2): 583-596. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-022-1625-1
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Luo, H. W., Zhou, G. G. D., Lu, X. Q., et al., 2025. Experimental Investigation on the Formation and Failure of Landslide Dams Considering the Landslide Mobility and River Flow. Engineering Geology, 346: 107873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2024.107873
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Peng, M., Li, S., Gao, L., et al., 2024. A Novel Local-Drag-Force-Based Approach for Simulating Wave Attenuation by Mangrove Forests Using a 3D-SPH Method. Ocean Engineering, 306: 118001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.118001
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