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    Volume 51 Issue 6
    Jun.  2026
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    Article Contents
    Pan Weiyan, Liu Yang, Xu Zhenghe, Sang Guoqing, 2026. Influence of Surface Water-Groundwater Interaction in Hyporheic Zone on Sulfamethoxazole Migration and Transformation Process. Earth Science, 51(6): 2216-2227. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.267
    Citation: Pan Weiyan, Liu Yang, Xu Zhenghe, Sang Guoqing, 2026. Influence of Surface Water-Groundwater Interaction in Hyporheic Zone on Sulfamethoxazole Migration and Transformation Process. Earth Science, 51(6): 2216-2227. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.267

    Influence of Surface Water-Groundwater Interaction in Hyporheic Zone on Sulfamethoxazole Migration and Transformation Process

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.267
    • Received Date: 2025-09-30
    • Publish Date: 2026-06-25
    • As a widely used antibiotic, sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is being increasingly detected in aquatic and soil environments, where its residual concentrations continue to rise. It is imperative to investigate the fate of SMX in the hyporheic zone, as it is critical for safeguarding river ecosystem health and ensuring water security. This study collected hyporheic sediments and conducted simulation experiments to investigate the migration and transformation processes of SMX within the hyporheic zone under various hydraulic gradients. The results demonstrate that dynamics of sedimentary environmental factors in the hyporheic zone, driven by surface water-groundwater interactions, were initiated by successive shifts in microbial diversity and community structure, which in turn modulated the migration and transformation processes of SMX. Hydrolysis, desulfonation, and biodegradation served as the primary pathways for SMX transformation in the hyporheic zone, with the dominant attenuation mechanism transitioning over the course of water interactions. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the primary microbial groups in the hyporheic zone and the key drivers of SMX biodegradation. The removal efficiency of SMX varied with hydraulic gradients in the hyporheic zone, with a more significant removal observed under the lower hydraulic gradient condition.

       

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