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| Citation: | Zhang Weikai, Niu Jialun, Xing Jinquan, Chen Huiguan, Zhao Cheng, Jiang Haixi, 2026. Numerical Simulation Study on Instability Mechanism of Accumulation Landslides Considering Interface Morphology. Earth Science, 51(4): 1561-1574. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2025.276
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To investigate the instability mechanisms of such landslides with different interface morphology, four typical interface morphology was established based on the geometric characteristics of accumulation landslides in the three gorges reservoir area, namely, line-like shape, arc-like shape, chair-like shape, and step-like shape. Discrete element methods were conducted to elucidate mechanical response laws, failure modes, and instability mechanisms. Key findings reveal that the failure modes are governed by the interface morphology through its control of internal stress distribution. The line-like shape and arc-like shape exhibit typical retrogression failure characteristics, whereas the chair-like shape manifest pronounced progressive deformation, while the step-like shape landslide has the composite failure characteristics. Rainfall primarily drives deformation by elevating groundwater levels in the mid-rear sections, increasing pore water pressure. Conversely, reservoir water level fluctuations redistribute groundwater pressure near the toe, generating outward seepage forces that induce localized retrogressive deformation. These findings provide a scientific basis for analyzing instability mechanisms and designing prevention strategies for analogous accumulation landslides.
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