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| Citation: | Lin Hongyu, Yu Du, Cao Huan, Wang Shuai, Li Lin, Pei Xiangjun, Tang Xiaolu, 2026. Effects of Tunnel Construction on Microbial and Plant Derived Carbon Sources in Soil Aggregate Organic Carbon on the Eastern Margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Earth Science, 51(9): 3332-3348. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.001
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To investigate the impact of large-scale engineering on the sources of soil organic carbon (SOC) on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, this study was conducted along a tunnel corridor in the region. Tunnel-affected (TC) and unaffected (CK) sites at three elevations (3 240, 3 420 and 3 600 m). Soil samples were collected from depths of 0-10 and 10-30 cm to determine aggregate structure and the contributions of microbial-derived carbon, indicated by amino sugars, and plant-derived carbon, indicated by lignin phenols, to SOC in the particulate (＞0.053 mm) and mineral-associated (＜0.053 mm) aggregate fractions. The results show that tunnel construction had no significant effect on glucosamine, galactosamine, total amino sugars, fungal necromass carbon or total lignin phenols in soil aggregates (P＞0.05). However, it significantly reduced muramic acid, mannosamine, and bacterial residue carbon. In the particulate fraction, amino sugar contents did not differ significantly among elevations at 0-10 cm. There was no significant difference in amino sugars in soil particulate aggregates across different elevations at 0-10 cm soil depth. However, at 10-30 cm soil depth, amino sugar content at 3 420 m was significantly lower than that at 3 240 m and 3 600 m. For mineral-associated aggregates, amino sugar content at 3 420 m was lower than those at the other elevations. Meanwhile, in the mineral-bound aggregates of the tunnel-affected area, the average contributions of microbial residue carbon and lignin phenols to aggregate organic carbon were 26.36% and 20.65%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control area (P＜0.05). The study indicates that tunnel construction reduces the stability of soil aggregates, especially that of mineral associated aggregates. Specifically, under the interactive effects of tunnel construction, altitude, and soil depth, the microbial residue carbon content of mineral-bound aggregates and their contribution rate to soil organic carbon decrease significantly, whereas microbial- and plant-derived carbon contributions to organic carbon in particulate aggregates were not significantly affected by tunnel construction. The findings highlight the importance of protecting and enhancing soil carbon pools in areas disturbed by large-scale engineering activities on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, with implications for strengthening the plateau's ecological security barrier and advancing China's "carbon neutral" goal.
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