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| Citation: | Song Huan, Wang Xingang, Teng Hongquan, Ye Xuguang, Liu Kai, Shi Wei, Yang Jinshui, 2026. Study on Creep Characteristics and Long-Term Strength of Soil in Loess-Red Clay Composite Slopes Under Excavation Conditions. Earth Science, 51(2): 398-406. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.050
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In the Loess Plateau region, excavation-induced unloading is prone to triggering slope instability disasters, and the water sensitivity and creep characteristics of loess are key factors governing the deformation of excavated slopes. To investigate the creep characteristics and long-term strength of loess, red clay, and composite soil under excavation conditions, this study relies on an excavated slope project in Zhongliang Town, Tianshui City. Through triaxial unloading creep tests, the unloading creep behaviors of loess, red clay, and interface specimens were studied under different moisture contents (12%, 18%, and 24%) and confining pressures (100 kPa, 200 kPa, and 300 kPa). The results show that: (1) All specimens exhibit three-stage creep characteristics, namely attenuated creep, steady-state creep, and accelerated creep. Higher confining pressure makes the soil more sensitive to unloading; an increase in moisture content exacerbates the creep of specimens and renders them more susceptible to failure. Under the same unloading conditions, the creep strain of red clay is slightly lower than that of loess, while the interface increases the creep strain. The interface specimens have the lowest critical unloading amount and are more likely to fracture along the interface. (2) The long-term strength parameters (cohesion c, internal friction angle φ) increase with the rise in confining pressure and decrease with the increase in moisture content. The φ value of the interface specimens is the smallest, reaching 12.54°. (3) The creep strain of the interface specimens increases acceleratively with the intensification of unloading amount, and the interface is a shear-weak zone. This study can provide experimental basis for the stability control and prevention of loess-red clay composite slopes under excavation conditions.
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