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| Citation: | Mei Jiacheng, Wang Xinkai, Liu Lei, Zhang Qunjia, Zhang Guishan, Chen Wei, 2026. Quantitative Inversion of Lithium Content and Exploration of Clay-Type Lithium Deposits Using Satellite Hyperspectral Remote Sensing in Tongchuan, Shaanxi Province. Earth Science, 51(3): 1065-1077. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.074
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To achieve satellite-based hyperspectral mapping of lithium spatial distribution to support mineral exploration efforts, a lithium content inversion model was developed using a multi-algorithm approach, based on spectral data, XRD analysis, lithium content measurements, and hyperspectral imagery from the ZY1-02D site. The quantitative inversion model was established using the Ensemble Transformer Neural Network (ETNN) regression algorithm. This model was integrated with Spatial Spectral Endmember Extraction-Spectral Angle Mapper (SSEE-SAM) for mineralized outcrop identification and supplemented with the CORrelation Alignment (CORAL) algorithm for spectral domain correction. The quantitative inversion model was then applied to generate a spatial distribution map of lithium content. Training set R2=0.93, RPD=3.91, RMSE=110.13; validation set R2=0.89, RPD=3.08, RMSE=183.04, indicate high accuracy and strong fitting capability; field test set R2=0.75, RPD=2.02, RMSE=263.86, demonstrate robust generalization ability. Correlation coefficients indicate that lithium exhibits the strongest association with montmorillonite and chlorite. Importance analysis reveals the 2 132-2 350 nm wavelength band as critical for the inversion model. This study establishes a comprehensive inversion methodology linking spectral data to lithium content, providing technical support for exploration of clay-type lithium deposits in the Tongchuan region, Central Yunnan basin, and Central Guizhou basin.
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