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| Citation: | Wang Yize, Liu Hui, Sun Haichuan, Liang Yuhang, Liu Luguang, Zhu Qi, 2026. Simulation of Non-Point Source Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollution Load Distribution in Sihu Watershed Based on SWAT Model. Earth Science, 51(6): 2201-2215. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2026.153
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To accurately identify the sources, spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and key influencing factors of non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the Sihu watershed, it provides a scientific basis for water pollution prevention and control in the basin, and addresses the prominent problem of lake eutrophication in the current watershed. Taking the Sihu watershed as the study area, a SWAT model was constructed to simulate the spatiotemporal distribution of non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the basin. The results show that the model has a good fitting effect on runoff, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the basin. Temporally, the TN and TP loads from 2010 to 2018 first increased and then decreased, reaching a peak in 2016, followed by a continuous decline from 2017 to 2018, with the characteristic of "high in flood season and low in non-flood season" within a year. Spatially, the sub-watersheds with high nitrogen and phosphorus loads are concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the basin, namely sub-watersheds 11, 24, 25, 32, 33, etc. Cultivated land and water areas are the main pollution sources of nitrogen and phosphorus in the basin. The spatiotemporal distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution loads in the Sihu watershed is comprehensively affected by runoff, land use and rainfall. Temporally, the flood season and spatially, lakes and agricultural areas are the key points for prevention and control. Pollution loads can be reduced by measures such as reducing chemical fertilizer use, controlling the scale of aquaculture, and protecting wetlands.
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