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    Volume 43 Issue 11
    Nov.  2018
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    Article Navigation >  Earth Science  > 2018  >  43(11): 3809-3822
    Yin Hongfu, Yu Jianxin, Luo Genming, Song Haijun, Xu Zhen, 2018. Biotic Influence on the Formation of Icehouse Climates in Geologic History. Earth Science, 43(11): 3809-3822. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.117
    Citation: Yin Hongfu, Yu Jianxin, Luo Genming, Song Haijun, Xu Zhen, 2018. Biotic Influence on the Formation of Icehouse Climates in Geologic History. Earth Science, 43(11): 3809-3822. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.117
    shu

    Biotic Influence on the Formation of Icehouse Climates in Geologic History

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.117
    • 1.

      State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Wuhan 430074, China

    • 2.

      School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

    • Received Date: 2018-05-10
    • Publish Date: 2018-11-15
      Abstract
    • The impact of organisms on the carbon cycle since Proterozoic should not be underestimated. Oxygenic photosynthesis of organisms produces organic matter and O2 while consuming CO2. Burying of organic matter and biogenic carbonates further sequestrates CO2 and decreases the consumption of O2. It is thus reasonable that causal relationship should exist among oxygenic photosynthesis of organisms, icehouse climates and oxygenation events. In this paper, we discuss 5 events, namely, the Early Proterozoic great oxygenation event (GOE) in connection with oxygenic photosynthesis of cyanobacteria, the Neoproterozoic oxidation event (NOE) in connection with radiation of eukaryotes, the Late Ordovician oxygenic-icehouse event in connection with flourish of early land plants, the Carboniferous-Permian oxygenation icehouse event in connection with flourish of vascular plants, and the Quaternary icehouse event in connection with angiosperms and phytoplanktons. In these events, such causality is indicated by coexistences or successive appearances of icehouse climates and oxygenation events, reflecting atmospheric CO2 decreases and O2 increases, which are possible only through biogenic photosynthesis and successive burying of its products. Causal relationship among oxygenic photosynthesis of organisms, oxygenation and icehouse climate indicates the interaction between organisms and their environments. Organisms do not merely adapt to their environments, they also influence the environments. In the prolonged geologic history, such interaction formed co-evolution between the two. However, biotic oxygenation did not immediately produce oxygenic or icehouse effects in early geologic history. Such effects were minimal at first and accumulated gradually, and became efficient when reaching certain threshold, so usually delayed in time. Following the increase of biotic diversity, abundance and metabolic ability, its impact on environments became stronger, time-delay decreased and coupling increased. Such interaction between organism and environment forms the self-regulation between biosphere and earth system, which explains why, unlike other planets, the Earth's surface has been maintaining a habitable environment. The lesson for mankind is that we should treat the relationship scientifically, so as to avoid negative impact on our mother earth.

       

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