Coal and Oil Shale Paragenetic Assemblage and Sequence Stratigraphic Features in Continental Faulted Basin
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摘要: 为了研究陆相断陷盆地煤层与油页岩共生发育的地质现象，采用沉积学、构造地质学、能源地质学和层序地层学的相关理论和方法对煤与油页岩共生发育特征进行了研究.研究发现：陆相断陷盆地煤层与油页岩主要存在5种共生组合类型；煤和油页岩的发育均需要稳定的构造和较少的陆源碎屑物质供应，共生发育的煤和油页岩中均含有高等植物和藻类；盆地基底的幕式构造活动对煤和油页岩发育的沉积环境及其转化起到主要控制作用，气候条件、陆源碎屑物质注入、有机质供应等起到次要控制作用；在层序地层格架下，各种煤与油页岩共生组合均可发育在湖扩张体系域，从体系域早期到晚期、从滨湖到湖中心，共生组合中煤层厚度逐渐减小，油页岩厚度逐渐增大；而早期高水位体系域，则主要发育厚度大、分布稳定的油页岩-煤层组合.可见，盆地基底幕式构造活动、沉积环境演化、气候条件、陆源碎屑物质注入、有机质供应等因素共同控制了陆相断陷盆地煤与油页岩的共生发育，且共生组合主要发育在湖扩张体系域和早期高水位体系域.Abstract: In order to research the geological phenomenon of coal and oil shale paragenetic development in continental fault basin, sedimentology, tectonics, energy geology, sequence stratigraphy related theories and methods are used for studying coal and oil shale paragenetic development characteristics. The study found that five types of coal and oil shale association exist in continental fault basin; The development of coal seam and oil shale similarly need stable tectonic and fewer terrigenous detrital material supply, and organic matter composition both contain higher plants debris and algae in paragenetic coal seam and oil shale; The basin basement episodic tectonic activity mainly controls the sedimentary environment development and evolution of coal seam and oil shale; The climate conditions, terrigenous detrital material supply and organic matter supply are secondary control effect; In sequence stratigraphic framework, all kinds of coal and oil shale symbiosis combination could developed in lake expand system tracts, from early to late, from the lakeside to center, the thickness of coal seam gradually reduce, and the thickness of the oil shale gradually increase; In early high water system tracts, the large thickness and stable distribution of oil shale and coal paragenetic assemblage was mainly developed. Visible, the factors of basin basement episodic tectonic activity, sedimentary environment evolution, climate condition, terrigenous detrital material supply, organic matter supply factors collectively control the coal and oil shale paragenetic development characteristics in continental fault basin, and those paragenetic assemblage mainly appear in lake expand system tracts and early high water system tracts.
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图 1 5种典型的煤与油页岩共生组合类型
a.煤层/油页岩共生组合(C-OS)；b.油页岩/煤层共生组合(OS-C)；c.油页岩/煤层/油页岩共生组合(OS-C-OS)；d.煤层/油页岩/煤层共生组合(C-OS-C)；e.页岩/其它沉积/煤层共生组合(OS-M/S-C)
Fig. 1. Types of coexistence of coal and oil shale
图 4 依兰盆地古近系层序地层划分与对比剖面(砂页岩段有所简化，纵轴为深度单位：m)
Fig. 4. Paleogene system sequence stratigraphic division and correlation section in Yilan basin
图 7 不同体系域内煤与油页岩共生发育特征
Fig. 7. Base level change characteristics of typical coexistence of coal and oil shale
图 6 典型煤与油页岩共生组合的基准面变化特征
Fig. 6. Development characteristics of coexistence of coal and oil shale in different system tracts
图 5 内蒙古金宝屯矿区下白垩统协尔苏组煤与油页岩共生发育特征(纵轴深度单位：m)
图例同图 4
Fig. 5. Lower cretaceous Xie'ersu Formation coal and oil shale symbiotic development characteristics of Jin Baotun mining, Inner Mongolia
图 9 陆相断陷盆地层序地层格架下煤与油页岩共生发育模式
Fig. 9. Coal and oil shale coexisting model of the sequence stratigraphic framework in continental rift basin
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