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    华夏早古生代俯冲作用(Ⅰ):来自糯垌蛇绿岩的新证据

    彭松柏 刘松峰 林木森 吴长峰 韩庆森

    彭松柏, 刘松峰, 林木森, 吴长峰, 韩庆森, 2016. 华夏早古生代俯冲作用(Ⅰ):来自糯垌蛇绿岩的新证据. 地球科学, 41(5): 765-778. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.065
    引用本文: 彭松柏, 刘松峰, 林木森, 吴长峰, 韩庆森, 2016. 华夏早古生代俯冲作用(Ⅰ):来自糯垌蛇绿岩的新证据. 地球科学, 41(5): 765-778. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.065
    Peng Songbai, Liu Songfeng, Lin Musen, Wu Changfeng, Han Qingsen, 2016. Early Paleozoic Subduction in Cathaysia (Ⅰ): New Evidence from Nuodong Ophiolite. Earth Science, 41(5): 765-778. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.065
    Citation: Peng Songbai, Liu Songfeng, Lin Musen, Wu Changfeng, Han Qingsen, 2016. Early Paleozoic Subduction in Cathaysia (Ⅰ): New Evidence from Nuodong Ophiolite. Earth Science, 41(5): 765-778. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.065

    华夏早古生代俯冲作用(Ⅰ):来自糯垌蛇绿岩的新证据

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.065
    基金项目: 

    中国地质调查局地质调查项目 12120114039201

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      彭松柏(1963-),男,教授,博士,主要从事岩石大地构造及蛇绿岩研究.E-mail:psongbai@aliyun.com

    • 中图分类号: P545

    Early Paleozoic Subduction in Cathaysia (Ⅰ): New Evidence from Nuodong Ophiolite

    • 摘要: 早古生代加里东期造山运动(广西运动)的性质是华南大地构造演化长期争议的重大地质问题.桂东南岑溪糯垌一带奥陶纪浅变质地层中出露一套变形变质基性岩系构造岩片,主要由变枕状玄武岩、辉绿岩墙以及少量块状辉长岩和辉石岩组成.变玄武岩、变辉绿岩的SiO2含量为49.20%~52.30%,MgO含量为6.78%~9.11%,Mg#为55~63,TiO2含量为1.02%~1.34%,属低钾拉斑玄武系列基性岩.稀土元素配分平坦,轻稀土亏损,(La/Sm)N为0.72~1.05,(La/Yb)N为0.7~1.0,无明显Eu异常,大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、Th、U、K、Pb相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti平坦-略亏损,Ti/V为21.30~25.12,Nb/Th为2.1~4.2,表现出俯冲带之上(SSZ)蛇绿岩的地球化学特征.变辉绿岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb成岩年龄为437±5 Ma,表明其形成于早志留世.综合研究表明,糯垌变基性岩系应属早古生代形成于俯冲之上(SSZ)弧前构造环境的肢解蛇绿岩残片,这一发现为华南扬子克拉通与华夏地块之间存在早古生代洋盆和俯冲-增生碰撞造山提供了关键证据.

       

    • 图  1  华南大地构造基本单元(a)、糯垌地区地质简图(b)和糯垌变基性岩系地质剖面(c)

      图b据广西壮族自治区区域地质调查队1:5万地质图修编

      Fig.  1.  The tectonic framework of the South China (a), the geological sketch of Nuodong area (b) and geological section of the Nuodong metamorphic basic rock series (c)

      图  2  变玄武岩、辉绿岩及变辉石岩野外宏观和显微照片

      a.枕状玄武岩野外露头;b.杏仁状玄武岩野外露头;c.变辉绿岩岩脉(岩墙)群野外露头;d.强烈韧性剪切变形形成的玄武岩与辉绿岩岩脉(岩墙)似层状构造;e.变玄武岩中变余杏仁结构(正交镜);f.变辉绿岩中变余辉绿-辉长结构(单偏镜);g.变辉绿岩中变余辉绿结构(正交镜);h.变辉石岩中变余粒状结构(正交镜).矿物缩写:Prx.辉石;Hbl.角闪石;Pl.斜长石;Mag.磁铁矿;Q.石英

      Fig.  2.  Representative field and thin section photomicrographs of the metabasalt and metadiabase

      图  3  变玄武岩、辉绿岩岩石化学分类和岩浆岩系列判别

      a.Zr/Ti-Nb/Y岩石化学分类图(Floyd and Winchester, 1975; Pearce, 1996);b.Y-Zr岩浆系列判别图(Polat et al., 2009)

      Fig.  3.  Geochemical classification and magmatic series discriminant diagrams of the metabasalt and metadiabase

      图  4  变玄武岩、辉绿岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分型式(a)和微量元素N-MORB标准化蛛网图(b)

      Fig.  4.  Chondrite-normalized REE diagram (a) and N-MORB-normalized trace elements spider-diagram of the metabasalt and metadiabase (b)

      图  5  变辉绿岩代表性锆石CL图像(a)及锆石年龄协和图(b)

      Fig.  5.  Representative CL images (a) and U-Pb concordia diagram for zircons of the metadiabase (b)

      图  6  变玄武岩、辉绿岩构造环境判别图

      a.2Nb-Zr/4-Y判别图解(Meschede, 1986);b.V-Ti判别图解(Shervais, 1982);c.Th/Yb-Ta/Yb判别图解(Pearce, 1982);d.Th/Yb-Nb/Yb判别图解(Pearce, 2008, 2014; Dilek and Furnes, 2011; Angerer et al., 2013).N-MORB.正常洋脊玄武岩;E-MORB.富集洋脊玄武岩;IAB.岛弧玄武岩;IAT.岛弧拉斑玄武岩;ICA.岛弧钙碱性玄武岩;CAB.钙碱性玄武岩;WPB.板内玄武岩;WPT.板内拉斑玄武岩;WPAB.板内碱性玄武岩;OIB.洋岛玄武岩;AB.弧玄武岩;SHO.钾玄岩;CFB.大陆溢流玄武岩;FAB.弧前玄武岩

      Fig.  6.  Tectonic discriminant diagrams of the metabasalt and diabase

      图  7  桂东南早古生代蛇绿岩和髙镁-镁质玄武岩-安山岩成因示意

      Fig.  7.  Genetic sketch of Early Paleozoic ophiolite and high magnesian-magnesian basalt-andesite in the southeastern Guangxi

      表  1  变玄武岩、辉绿岩主量元素(%)和微量元素(10-6)组成

      Table  1.   Major elements (%) and trace elements (10-6) composition of the metabasalt and metadiabase

      岩性 变玄武岩 变辉绿岩
      12ND03 14ND3-1 15ND1-1 12ND01 12ND02 12ND05 14ND1-1 14ND4-2
      SiO2 51.00 49.20 50.60 51.78 51.45 52.30 50.10 50.00
      TiO2 1.07 1.04 1.27 1.34 1.15 1.02 1.20 1.07
      Al2O3 15.04 15.10 15.00 14.87 14.43 15.63 14.50 15.20
      Fe2O3 2.41 2.24 2.57 2.61 2.75 1.98 2.49 1.84
      FeO 7.25 7.63 7.89 8.20 7.55 6.65 8.34 7.68
      MnO 0.18 0.19 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.13 0.18 0.18
      MgO 7.59 9.11 7.22 7.09 7.54 6.78 7.46 7.75
      CaO 10.63 11.70 9.48 8.07 10.21 11.30 10.15 12.10
      Na2O 3.01 2.20 3.19 4.15 2.53 2.17 2.80 2.48
      K2O 0.08 0.09 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.15 0.19 0.16
      P2O5 0.08 0.08 0.11 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.10 0.08
      LOI 0.88 0.69 0.61 0.90 1.21 1.00 0.52 0.63
      Total 99.22 99.27 98.25 99.33 99.20 99.19 98.03 99.17
      Mg# 59 63 56 55 58 59 56 60
      Ba 13.8 15.3 20.0 54.6 26.4 68.2 30.5 26.0
      Rb 1.3 0.7 1.7 0.9 2.7 3.4 2.7 1.9
      Th 0.54 0.61 0.82 0.74 0.96 0.90 0.80 0.59
      Pb 0.60 2.00 1.10 0.94 0.71 0.81 1.20 1.90
      Nb 2.11 2.10 3.10 2.57 2.67 1.93 3.30 2.30
      Sr 83.8 92.1 80.9 64.1 85.3 122.0 104.0 91.2
      Zr 57.4 60.0 69.0 74.7 69.1 62.8 72.0 60.0
      Y 28.0 26.4 34.5 36.0 33.3 28.4 34.4 26.7
      Cr 216 211 116 143 205 136 98 216
      V 301 282 303 370 303 273 303 283
      Ni 80.4 81.0 47.0 40.8 71.7 59.4 46.0 86.0
      Co 46.1 52.0 51.0 48.4 44.4 47.8 45.0 54.0
      Cs 0.08 0.06 0.18 0.08 0.16 0.24 0.20 0.02
      Ta 0.16 0.10 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.17 0.20 0.20
      Hf 1.70 1.90 2.10 2.28 2.05 1.84 2.20 1.90
      U 0.23 0.19 0.31 0.23 0.17 0.16 0.19 0.23
      La 2.73 3.00 4.30 3.81 4.11 3.28 4.40 3.20
      Ce 7.64 7.90 10.60 9.98 9.36 8.62 10.50 8.20
      Pr 1.24 1.31 1.68 1.65 1.69 1.38 1.70 1.33
      Nd 6.73 6.40 7.90 8.85 8.53 7.48 8.30 6.40
      Sm 2.46 2.29 2.92 3.05 2.82 2.55 2.70 2.21
      Eu 0.81 0.92 1.05 1.03 0.99 0.90 1.04 0.91
      Gd 3.42 3.46 4.71 4.40 4.00 3.41 4.11 3.45
      Tb 0.67 0.67 0.83 0.85 0.79 0.69 0.80 0.67
      Dy 4.62 4.54 5.41 5.93 5.44 4.66 5.48 4.26
      Ho 0.99 0.94 1.26 1.29 1.17 0.96 1.15 0.93
      Er 2.95 3.01 3.73 3.85 3.56 3.00 3.66 2.92
      Tm 0.41 0.44 0.62 0.57 0.51 0.43 0.50 0.41
      Yb 2.89 2.84 3.57 3.77 3.41 2.95 3.31 2.64
      Lu 0.44 0.40 0.55 0.57 0.53 0.45 0.48 0.40
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  变辉绿岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果

      Table  2.   Analyses results of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating for the metadiabase

      测点 Th(10-6) U(10-6) Th/U同位素比值(±1σ) 年龄Ma(±1σ)
      207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U
      1 1 129 963 1.17 0.054 5±0.001 3 0.538 6±0.012 9 0.071 2±0.000 7 391±49.1 437±8.5 443±4.1
      2 127 167 0.76 0.069 1±0.002 4 1.141 8±0.040 5 0.119 1±0.001 5 902±72.2 773±19.2 725±8.4
      3 1 245 1 879 0.66 0.056 1±0.001 3 0.541 4±0.012 1 0.069 4±0.000 6 457±50.0 439±8.0 433±3.9
      4 466 550 0.85 0.056 2±0.001 9 0.566 0±0.018 6 0.072 5±0.000 8 461±106 455±12.1 451±4.5
      5 214 386 0.55 0.054 5±0.002 0 0.545 2±0.019 9 0.072 0±0.000 8 391±81.5 442±13.1 448±5.0
      6 186 294 0.63 0.056 6±0.002 5 0.535 6±0.023 6 0.068 3±0.000 9 476±98.1 435±15.6 426±5.4
      7 395 778 0.51 0.056 4±0.001 7 0.563 2±0.015 8 0.072 0±0.000 6 478±32.4 454±10.3 448±3.8
      8 426 465 0.92 0.055 7±0.001 7 0.544 1±0.017 4 0.069 9±0.000 7 443±68.5 441±11.4 435±4.1
      9 742 1178 0.63 0.055 1±0.001 4 0.524 5±0.013 4 0.068 3±0.000 6 417±54.6 428±8.9 426±3.8
      10 535 672 0.80 0.055 2±0.001 8 0.535 3±0.016 8 0.069 7±0.000 8 420±76.8 435±11.1 434±4.5
      11 116 666 0.17 0.121 0±0.003 0 5.825 3±0.137 6 0.345 4±0.003 1 1 972±43.8 1 950±20.5 1 912±14.9
      12 333 711 0.47 0.054 9±0.001 6 0.535 7±0.015 7 0.070 1±0.000 7 409±66.7 436±10.4 437±4.2
      13 497 523 0.95 0.055 8±0.002 0 0.529 8±0.018 1 0.068 4±0.000 8 443±79.6 432±12.0 427±4.6
      14 351 467 0.75 0.064 3±0.002 1 0.996 7±0.043 4 0.109 1±0.002 9 750±69.3 702±22.1 668±16.8
      15 299 618 0.48 0.053 6±0.002 1 0.532 2±0.021 7 0.071 4±0.000 9 354±90.7 433±14.4 445±5.5
      16 828 838 0.99 0.053 9±0.001 9 0.532 6±0.017 7 0.071 4±0.000 8 369±84.3 434±11.7 444±4.8
      17 315 469 0.67 0.052 7±0.001 8 0.580 9±0.019 4 0.079 3±0.001 0 317±75.9 465±12.4 492±5.8
      18 285 461 0.62 0.106 5±0.002 6 4.444 6±0.107 5 0.299 8±0.002 9 1 740±44.8 1 721±20.1 1 690±14.5
      19 1 167 1 016 1.15 0.055 6±0.001 5 0.538 0±0.014 0 0.069 6±0.000 7 435±59.3 437±9.3 434±4.2
      20 371 647 0.57 0.056 0±0.001 8 0.533 9±0.016 8 0.068 9±0.000 6 454±67.6 434±11.1 429±3.8
      下载: 导出CSV
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