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    开鲁盆地东北部钱家店凹陷晚白垩世姚家组孢粉组合及其古气候意义

    徐增连 魏佳林 曾辉 里宏亮 李建国 朱强 张博 曹民强

    徐增连, 魏佳林, 曾辉, 里宏亮, 李建国, 朱强, 张博, 曹民强, 2017. 开鲁盆地东北部钱家店凹陷晚白垩世姚家组孢粉组合及其古气候意义. 地球科学, 42(10): 1725-1735. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.554
    引用本文: 徐增连, 魏佳林, 曾辉, 里宏亮, 李建国, 朱强, 张博, 曹民强, 2017. 开鲁盆地东北部钱家店凹陷晚白垩世姚家组孢粉组合及其古气候意义. 地球科学, 42(10): 1725-1735. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.554
    Xu Zenglian, Wei Jialin, Zeng Hui, Li Hongliang, Li Jianguo, Zhu Qiang, Zhang Bo, Cao Minqiang, 2017. Late Cretaceous Palynological Assemblage and Its Palaeoclimate Record from Yaojia Formation in Qianjiadian Depression, Kailu Basin. Earth Science, 42(10): 1725-1735. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.554
    Citation: Xu Zenglian, Wei Jialin, Zeng Hui, Li Hongliang, Li Jianguo, Zhu Qiang, Zhang Bo, Cao Minqiang, 2017. Late Cretaceous Palynological Assemblage and Its Palaeoclimate Record from Yaojia Formation in Qianjiadian Depression, Kailu Basin. Earth Science, 42(10): 1725-1735. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.554

    开鲁盆地东北部钱家店凹陷晚白垩世姚家组孢粉组合及其古气候意义

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.554
    基金项目: 

    国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目 2015CB453000

    中国地质调查局项目 DD20160128

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      徐增连(1985-),男,工程师,博士,主要从事孢粉学与古气候研究

    • 中图分类号: P52

    Late Cretaceous Palynological Assemblage and Its Palaeoclimate Record from Yaojia Formation in Qianjiadian Depression, Kailu Basin

    • 摘要: 对于开鲁盆地姚家组孢粉学的研究不仅丰富了该地区晚白垩世孢粉学资料,而且为该地区晚白垩世地层划分与对比提供了依据.通过对开鲁盆地钱家店凹陷钻孔QIV-48-61深315~447 m井段的岩心做了详细采样、描述,并进行了孢粉化石的处理、鉴定和分析,在其中的10个层位中发现了丰富的孢粉化石,共计73属88种,并建立了3个孢粉组合,自下而上依次为Schizaeoisporites-Cyathidites-TricolpopollenitesSchizaeoisporites-Classopollis-TaxodiaceaepollenitesSchizaeoisporites-Exesipollenties-Tricolpopollenites,根据孢粉组合内一些重要分子的地质时限及与外区有关孢粉组合的对比,将其时代划归为晚白垩世Coniacian晚期-Santonian早期,其层位相当于姚家组.根据孢粉母体植物形态和生态特征、干湿度环境和气候环境,将其孢粉植物群反映的植被、干湿度和气候带划分为3个演化阶段:第1演化阶段(405.9~413.2 m)沉积时期植被面貌大体为针叶林与草本共生,对应于湿润、半湿润的热带-亚热带气候;第2演化阶段(389.7~405.9 m)植被面貌演化为以高大乔木型针叶树种占优势地位,并出现一次明显的干旱化事件,对应于半干旱的热带-亚热带气候;第3演化阶段(336.0~389.7 m)植被面貌与第1阶段相似,为针叶林与草本共生,干旱化有所缓解,对应于半湿润-半干旱的热带-亚热带气候.

       

    • 图  1  区域地质背景及钱家店凹陷钻孔位置

      a.钱家店地区前第四纪地质略图及钻孔位置;b.钱家店地区地层综合柱状图.图a据罗毅等(2012)和荣辉等(2016)修改;图b据董文明等(2007)修改.1.嫩江组;2.姚家组上段;3.姚家组下段;4.青山口组;5.辉绿岩脉;6.钻孔位置

      Fig.  1.  Geology background and location of the bore-hole QIV-48-61 in Qianjiadian depression

      图  2  开鲁盆地东北部钱家店凹陷晚白垩世姚家组代表性孢粉化石

      化石照片放大600倍.1.Deltoidospora;2, 3.Yichangsporites;4.Pterisisporites;5.Cicatricosisporites;6.Nevesisporites;7.Zlivisporis;8, 9, 10.Schizaeoisporites;11, 12.Chasmatosporites;13, 14.Taxodiaceaepollenites hiatus;15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.Classopollis annulatus;21, 22, 23.Retitricolpites;24, 25.Cycadopites;26, 27.Tricolporopollenites;28, 29.Abietineaepollenites/Pinuspollenites;30.Parcisporites;31.Lythraites;32.Podocarpidites

      Fig.  2.  Late Cretaceous representative sporopollen from Yaojia Formation in Qianjiadian depression

      图  3  开鲁盆地东北部钱家店凹陷QIV-48-61井主要孢粉属种图谱(单位为%)

      Fig.  3.  The diagram of sporopollen spectrum of well QIV-48-61 in Qianjiadian depression

      图  4  开鲁盆地东北部钱家店凹陷QIV-48-61井孢粉生态类型含量变化(单位为%)

      Fig.  4.  The diagram of sporopollen ecological types contents of well QIV-48-61 in Qianjiadian depression

      表  1  开鲁盆地东北部钱家店凹陷晚白垩世姚家组孢粉统计

      Table  1.   Statistics of sporopollen from Late Cretaceous Yaojia Formation in Qianjiadian depression

      化石名单 井深(m)
      336 349.5 372.8 378.4 384.6 389.7 393.2 405.9 408.5 413.2 430.6
      蕨类植物孢子 28.20 42.99 28.90 25.73 31.77 26.55 10.24 67.95 36.43 50.74 85.71
      Sphagnumsporites sp. 0.30 0.65 0.25 0.24 0.49
      Deltoidospora sp. 0.65 0.13 0.48 0.96 0.27
      Cyathidites sp. 3.12 4.91 2.91 2.82 0.63 2.86 3.21 4.40 5.41
      C. minor 0.30 2.43 0.25 1.60 1.62
      Toroisporis sp. 0.62 0.29 0.24 0.49
      Undulatisporites sp. 0.31 0.16
      Cibotiumspora sp. 0.16 0.24
      Granulatisporites sp. 0.32 0.51 0.24 0.64
      Acanthotriletes sp. 0.31
      Lophotriletes sp. 0.49 0.38 1.19 0.32 0.81
      Converrucosisporites sp. 0.54
      Conbaculatisporites sp. 0.41
      Punctatisporites sp. 1.29 0.64 1.76
      Cyclogranisporites sp. 1.22 0.65 1.14 0.64 2.84
      Apiculataspotires sp. 1.56 0.27
      Apiculatasporites sp. 0.30 1.14
      Apiculatisporis sp. 0.93 0.58 0.97 0.19 1.01 0.24 1.28 0.49 1.62
      Concavissimisporites sp. 0.27
      Verrucosisporites sp. 0.30 0.97 0.51 0.64 0.27
      Neoraistrickia sp. 0.29
      Leptolepidites sp. 0.13
      Pterisisporites sp. 0.15 0.13 0.24 0.41
      Polypodiaceoisporites sp. 0.24
      Osmundacidites sp. 1.07 0.49 0.27
      O. parvus 0.54
      Retusotriletes sp. 0.30 1.25 0.87 1.46 0.56 0.63 2.24 1.96 1.35
      Interulobites sp. 0.30 0.63 0.64 0.24 0.81
      Zlivisporis sp. 1.52 0.62 0.58 0.38 0.38 0.64 0.73 2.71
      Lycopodiumsporites sp. 0.15 0.93 0.32 0.19 0.38 0.24 0.49 1.08
      Appendicisporites sp. 0.24
      Cicatricosisporites sp. 0.30 0.31 0.49 0.95 31.73 0.24 0.14
      C. minutaestriatus 0.29 0.73
      Aequitriradites sp. 0.15 1.16 0.16 0.56 0.73 0.14
      Densosporites sp. 0.30
      Polycingulatisporites sp. 2.49 2.60 3.56 1.69 2.28 0.71 1.92 2.93 4.06
      P. circulus 0.97 0.64 0.54
      P. triangularis 0.32
      P. triangularis 2.80 1.73 0.65 2.26 1.28 2.20 0.27
      Densoisporites sp. 0.62 0.49 0.14
      Annulispora sp. 0.48
      Foraminisporis sp. 0.76 3.43 1.16 0.32 3.95 0.63 2.88 3.18 3.79
      Nevesisporites sp. 0.93 0.95 0.49
      N. radiatus 0.46 0.31 2.59 2.63 1.26 2.56 0.73 2.44
      Yichangsporites sp. 4.88 0.62 0.58 0.94 1.26 0.95
      Wulongspora sp. 0.15
      Gabonisporis sp. 0.15 1.22
      Schizaeoisporites sp. 15.09 9.97 8.96 1.94 11.28 12.52 0.48 12.82 14.67 13.40 85.71
      S. vitilis 2.80 2.89 2.07
      S. brevis 5.61 0.73
      Crybelosporites sp. 0.14
      Laevigatosporites sp. 3.43 2.02 0.81 2.26 0.38 0.64 0.27
      裸子植物花粉 53.66 55.14 68.21 73.62 67.29 71.43 89.29 28.53 62.35 44.52 14.29
      336 349.5 372.8 378.4 384.6 389.7 393.2 405.9 408.5 413.2 430.6
      Abietineaepollenites sp./Pinuspollenites sp. 1.83 3.43 4.91 7.77 4.80 2.14 8.33 3.91 5.01 14.29
      Parcisporites sp. 0.62 0.56
      Cedripites sp. 0.93 0.29 0.38 0.32 0.24
      Piceaepollenites sp. 0.29 0.32 0.88 0.24 0.64 0.73 0.27
      Keteleeriaepollenites sp. 0.64
      Podocarpidites sp. 0.30 0.93 0.87 1.29 0.75 0.63 0.71 2.24 0.73 1.08
      Piceites sp. 0.58 0.25 1.47
      Pseudopicea sp. 0.62 0.19 0.32 0.41
      Protoconiferus sp. 0.30 0.49 0.63 0.96 0.27
      Psophosphaera sp. 8.96 3.38 6.85
      Chasmatosporites sp. 1.83 6.54 4.91 3.07 1.69 1.77 0.64 2.93 1.22
      Cycadopites sp. 3.35 2.80 4.62 7.12 3.38 1.90 0.48 2.24 3.18 0.68
      Classopollis sp. 23.57
      C. annulatus 10.21 5.61 4.05 0.32 4.32 6.95 7.62 0.64 3.91
      C. triangulus 0.91 0.62 0.38
      C. parvus 6.40 2.27 11.38 0.64 0.68
      Exesipollenties sp. 0.15 6.54 18.50 5.99 11.28 10.11 7.38 2.69 3.25
      E. tumulus 8.41 18.61 3.54 7.05 5.38
      E. pseudotriletes 12.94 2.02 0.96 0.68
      Perinopollenites sp. 0.56 0.73
      Jugella sp. 0.46 0.31 0.25 0.64 3.79
      Brenneripollis sp. 0.13
      Steevesipollenites sp. 0.31 0.58 0.24
      Monosulcites sp. 0.13 0.27
      Ephedripites sp. 0.24
      Taxodiaceaepollenites hiatus 13.72 8.72 9.83 16.02 11.28 12.52 23.57 0.96 14.67 13.40
      Araucariacites sp. 0.46 0.25 0.32 0.14
      被子植物花粉 2.74 1.25 1.16 0.81 0.56 1.26 0.24 1.92 0.73 3.65
      Myrtaceidites sp. 0.32 0.25 0.64 0.81
      Cranwellia sp. 0.24 0.68
      C. striatus 0.54
      Proteacidites sp. 0.16 0.51 0.64 0.81
      Symplocospollenites sp. 0.27
      Lythraites sp. 0.15
      Triporopollenites sp. 1.68 0.31 1.16 0.38 0.38 0.32 0.73 0.41
      Tricolporopollenites sp. 0.91 0.32 0.14
      Retitricolpites sp. 0.93
      Quantonenpollenites sp. 0.19 0.13 0.32
      每块样品鉴定化石数量(粒) 656 321 346 618 532 791 420 312 409 739 7
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