Characterization of Mg Isotopes in Dolomites and Advances in Island-Basin Studies
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摘要: 白云岩发现233年至今，仍然还是基础研究前沿. Mg同位素作为白云岩形成的关键同位素，已在白云岩问题研究中异军突起，发展成新的热点.简介了地质储库中镁和Mg同位素特征，分馏、镁循环和生物成因Mg同位素特征研究的进展. 采集西沙群岛新近纪成礁以来白云岩岩心开展Mg同位素测试，探讨白云岩Mg同位素与流体方向、地层层序的特征，以中国西部沉积盆地油气勘探深层-超深层白云岩Mg同位素储层研究为例，简介了针对深层Mg同位素特征开展储层评价的结论，Mg同位素研究在古海洋重建、全球大陆、海洋和地球内部镁储库及镁循环等领域的相关进展，推进了白云岩前沿问题讨论的进程，强化了对于白云岩形成和机制研究的理解.
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关键词:
- Mg同位素特征 /
- 白云岩Mg同位素分馏 /
- 地质储库Mg同位素 /
- 西沙群岛白云岩Mg同位素 /
- 沉积盆地白云岩Mg同位素 /
- 石油地质
Abstract: Since the discovery of dolomite 233 years ago, it is still the forefront of basic research. Mg isotope, as a key isotope in the formation of dolomite, has become a new hotspot in the study of dolomite. The research progress on the characteristics of magnesium and magnesium isotopes in geological storage, fractionation, magnesium cycling and biogenic magnesium isotopes are briefly reviewed. The characteristics of Mg isotope, fluid direction and stratigraphic sequence in dolomite cores collected from Xisha Islands since Neogene reef were studied. Taking the study of deep-deep and ultra-deep dolomite magnesium isotope reservoirs for oil and gas exploration in sedimentary basins in western China as an example, this paper briefly introduces the evaluation results of magnesium isotope study. Progress has been made in the study of magnesium isotopes in the fields of paleo-ocean reconstruction, global continents, ocean and earth interior magnesium storage and magnesium cycling, which has promoted the discussion of frontier issues of dolomite, and strengthened the understanding of dolomite formation and mechanism. -
图 1 不同温度下的热液白云岩和热液流体δ26Mg值
Fig. 1. δ26Mg values of hydrothermal dolomites and hydrothermal fluids at different temperatures
图 2 不同地质储库中的Mg同位素(δ26Mg) 组成
Fig. 2. Composition of Mg isotopes (δ26Mg) in major terrestrial materials
图 3 不同时代白云岩模拟δ26Mg曲线和海水δ26Mg模拟曲线对比图
Fig. 3. Comparison of δ26Mg simulated curves of dolomite in different ages and δ26Mg simulated curves of seawater
图 4 不同白云石化过程中Mg同位素分馏模拟
a. 白云石化流体垂直向下运移，$ {\delta }^{26}\mathrm{M}\mathrm{g} $随深度变大，流动水模型；b. 白云石化流体侧向运移，$ {\delta }^{26}\mathrm{M}\mathrm{g} $随深度保持不变，流动水模型
Fig. 4. Simulation of Mg isotope fractionation in different dolomitization processes
图 5 塔里木盆地肖尔布拉克西沟剖面下寒武统肖尔布拉克组岩相学、主微量元素、碳、氧同位素与Mg同位素垂向变化趋势图
Fig. 5. Vertical variation trend of Lower Cambrian Sholbulak Formation petrography, major and trace elements, carbon, oxygen isotopes and Mg isotopes in Sholbulak Xigou Section, Tarim Basin
表 1 非生物和生物成因白云岩-碳酸盐岩δ26Mg数据统计表
Table 1. Statistical table of δ26Mg Data for non biogenic and biogenic dolomite carbonate rocks
非生物-生物δ26Mg宿主 δ26Mg 样品数 非生物成因 白云岩 3.25‰~-0.38‰ 方解石 -5.57‰~-1.04‰ 洞穴沉积物 -5.14‰~-1.42‰ 文石 -4.22‰~-1.50‰ 生物成因 低镁生物成因碳酸盐岩 浮游有孔虫 -5.54‰~ -4.09‰ 24 双壳类 -5.07‰~ -3.37‰ 15 腕足类 -2.29‰~ -1.88‰ 3 颗石藻 -3.02‰~-1.11‰ 13 高镁方解石成因碳酸盐岩 底栖有孔虫 -3.67‰~-2.68‰ 6 硬海绵 -3.26‰~-3.23‰ 红藻 -3.24‰~-2.97‰ 7 海胆纲动物 -2.75‰~-2.44‰ 8 软体动物 -2.07‰ 1 深海珊瑚 -3.45‰~-3.10‰ 13 硬海绵 -3.26‰~-3.23‰ 2 文石成因碳酸盐岩 浅海珊瑚 -2.02‰~-1.67‰ 43 深水珊瑚 -1.83‰~-1.59‰ 6 软体动物 -2.07‰ 1 海绵 -3.12‰~-1.50‰ 7 双壳类 -4.22‰~-1.89‰ 14 
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