Preliminary Study of Organic Pollutants from Atmospheric Particulates in Shougang District, Beijing
-
摘要: 对北京首钢地区大气颗粒物中有机物浓度、族组成及其饱和烃、多环芳烃的组成和分布特征进行了研究.在大气颗粒物中共检测出40多种多环芳烃, 其中属于美国国家环保局(EPA) 优先控制污染物9种, 且大多具有致癌和致突变性.根据生标特征, 有机污染物主要来源于煤的不完全燃烧, 部分来源于汽车尾气的排放.燃煤对首钢地区造成的污染更为严重.Abstract: This paper analyzes the concentrations of organic matter, the group components, the compositions and distribution of aliphatics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the atmospheric particulates in the Shougang district, Beijing. More than 40 kinds of PAHs from the atmospheric particulates have been detected, nine of which are precedence-controlled pollutants set by US EPA. Many PAHs are carcinogenic and mutated. According to the biomarkers, the organic pollutants come mainly from the incomplete combustion of coal, partly from the emission of automobile wastes. The coal can result in more grave pollution in the Shougang district than the petroleum during the incomplete combustion.
-
图 1 焦化厂(a, b) 和厂东门(c, d) 大气颗粒物中饱和烃总离子流和m/z85正构烷烃质量色谱
Fig. 1. Total ion current of aliphatics and m/z85 mass-chromatograms of alkanes from atmospheric particulates at the coking plant (a, b) and the east gate (c, d), Shougang district
图 2 焦化厂(a, b) 和厂东门(c, d) 大气颗粒物中m/z217和m/z191甾、萜类质量色谱
Fig. 2. m/z217 and m/z191 mass-chromatograms of sterenes and terpenoids from atmospheric particulates at the coking plant (a, b) and the east gate (c, d), Shougang district
图 3 首钢地区大气颗粒物中EPA属PAHs质量分数
Fig. 3. Distribution of PAHs of US EPA from the atmospheric particulates in the Shougang district
表 1 北京首钢地区大气颗粒物中检测出的PAHs
Table 1. PAHs detected from the atmospheric particulates in Shougang district, Beijing, using GC-MS
-
[1] 洪伟雄, 全文熠, 田德海, 等. 北京市城区大气可吸入颗粒物中多环芳烃的分布规律[J]. 环境化学, 1986, 7(1): 51- 58. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJKZ198601011.htmHONG W X, QUAN W Y, TIAN D H, et al. Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from inhalable particulates in Beijing city[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 1986, 7(1): 51- 58. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJKZ198601011.htm [2] 朱坦, 孙韧, 张林, 等. 大港地区大气颗粒物中多环芳烃分布及污染源识别的研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 1998, 18 (4): 289- 292. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6923.1998.04.001ZHU T, SUN R, ZHANG L, et al. Study on the distribution and source identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the atmospheric particulates in the Dagang District[J]. China Environmental Science, 1998, 18(4): 289- 292. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6923.1998.04.001 [3] Offenberg J H. Aerosol size distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban and over-water atmospheres [J]. Environ Sci Technol, 1999, 33(10): 3324- 3331. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999EnST...33.3324O/abstract [4] 曾凡刚, 李红, 王琪, 等. 北京石景山地区大气中有机污染物特征与成因[J]. 环境科学研究, 2001, 14(3): 17- 20. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-6929.2001.03.006ZENG F G, LI H, WANG Q, et al. Characteristics and origin of organic pollutants from the air in the Shijingshan district, Beijing[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2001, 14(3): 17- 20. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-6929.2001.03.006 [5] 成玉. 大气气溶胶中多环芳烃的定量分析[J]. 环境化学, 1996, 15(4): 360- 365. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJHX199604011.htmCHENG Y. Quantification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aerosol[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 1996, 15(4): 360- 365. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJHX199604011.htm [6] 成玉, 陈立民, 盛国英, 等. 广州市气溶胶中多环芳烃分布季节性变化及来源判识[J]. 中国环境科学, 1998, 18 (2): 136- 143. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6923.1998.02.009CHENG Y, CHEN L M, SHENG G Y, et al. Distribution, seasonal change and source identifications of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aerosols from Guangzhou[J]. China Environmental Science, 1998, 18(2): 136- 143. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6923.1998.02.009 [7] 彭林, 沈平. 兰州市大气漂尘中有机物浓度变化及其分布特征[J]. 沉积学报, 1996, 14(1): 156- 161. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB601.018.htmPENG L, SHEN P. Concentrations and distribution of organic pollutants from floating dust in Lanzhou[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1996, 14(1): 156- 161. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB601.018.htm [8] Simoneit B R T, Cardoso J N, Robinson N. An assessment of terrestrial higher molecular weight lipid compounds in aerosol particulate matter over the south Atlantic from about 30- 70 S[J]. Chemosphere, 1991, 23(4): 447- 465. doi: 10.1016/0045-6535(91)90196-K [9] Halsall C J, Barrie L A, Fellin P, et al. Spatial and temporal variation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Arctic atmosphere[J]. Environ Sci Technol, 1997, 31 (12): 3593- 3599. doi: 10.1021/es970342d [10] Simoneit B R T, Sheng G Y, Chen X J, et al. Molecular marker study of extractable organic matter in aerosols from urban areas of China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1991, 25(10): 2111- 2129. doi: 10.1016/0960-1686(91)90088-O [11] 朱先磊, 刘维立, 卢妍妍, 等. 燃煤烟尘多环芳烃成分谱特征的研究[J]. 环境科学研究, 2001, 14(5): 4- 8. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-6929.2001.05.002ZHU X L, LIU W L, LU Y Y, et al. Study on the characteristics of PAHs source profile of coal combustion[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2001, 14(5): 4- 8. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-6929.2001.05.002 [12] 孙韧, 朱坦. 天津局部大气颗粒物上多环芳烃分布状态[J]. 环境科学研究, 2001, 13(4): 14- 17. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJKX200004004.htmSUN R, ZHU T. Study on the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the atmospheric particulates in the part of Tianjin[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2001, 13(4): 14- 17. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJKX200004004.htm [13] Kalf D F. Environmental quality objectives for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 1997, 36(1): 89- 97. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1996.1495 -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 3970
- HTML全文浏览量: 421
- PDF下载量: 12
- 被引次数: 0
