海洋油气勘探中高灵敏度气态烃现场探测系统的研制

王维熙; 孙春岩; 杨慧; 王海; 牛滨华

海洋油气勘探中高灵敏度气态烃现场探测系统的研制

王维熙^{1, 2},
孙春岩¹,
杨慧²,
王海¹,
牛滨华¹

1.
中国地质大学海洋地学研究中心，北京 100083
2.
甘肃有色地质研究所，甘肃兰州 710000

详细信息

作者简介:
王维熙(1964—)，男，长期从事气体传感器仪器、方法和应用的研究

中图分类号: P736
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2003-10-15
- 刊出日期: 2004-03-25

Investigation to On-Site Detection System for Gaseous Hydrocarbon with High Sensitivity Be Used to Explore Gas and Oil in Sea

1.
Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Gansu Institute of Geology for Nonfervou$Metals, Lanzhou 710000, China

摘要

摘要: 为了提高灵敏度、选择性及扩大气体检测组分, 化学气体传感器被研究并应用于海洋油气勘查.这种传感器灵敏度高、体积小、重量轻、功耗低、易操作, 并能在海洋恶劣的条件下工作.不同的传感器能够被集成在一个芯片上, 同时测定多种化学物质.传感器可以与计算机相连, 直接提供数据处理.因此, 特别适宜于海洋油气勘查.这是世界上第一套成功研制出的基于化学传感器原理的便携式高灵敏度气态烃现场测定系统, 用于现场测定样品中的超微量甲烷、乙烷、丙烷及氢气的含量, 检测限低达10^-10 g, 选择性、重现性、稳定性和寿命都达到世界先进水平.不仅可用于海洋油气勘查, 而且可用于其他需要进行超微量气体现场检测的领域.
- 痕量 /
- 气态烃 /
- 化学传感器 /
- 海洋油气资源 /
- 天然气水合物 /
- 快速地球化学勘查
Abstract: In order to improve the sensitivity and selectivity and to increase the detectable gas compositions, the chemical gas sensor is investigated and applied to explore natural gas and oil in sea. The sensor has the advantage over the traditional equipments, including high sensitivity, small magnitude, low weight, low power, easy manipulation, and also being able to work under the worst condition in sea. Different kinds of sensors are able to be installed on a chip, simultaneously testing diverse chemicals. The sensor can also be connected to the computer, directly process the data. Thus, it is specially suitable for exploring gas and oil in sea. Based on the chemical sensors, this sensor is the first detection system successfully investigated for the gaseous hydrocarbon and hydrogen in the world, which is able to be easily carried with high sensitivity. The sensor can directly measure the quantities of the over-trace methane, ethane, propane and hydrogen in the sample. The detection limit is 10^-10 g. Its selectivity, repeatability, stability and life-time have reached to the advanced level in the world. Not only can the sensor be used to explore gas and oil in sea, but also can be used to test other over-trace gases in any field.
- over-trace /
- gaseous hydrocarbon /
- chemical sensor /
- gas and oil in sea /
- gas hydrate /
- quickly geochemical exploration

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图 1 高灵敏度气态烃传感器装置结构

Fig. 1. Instrumental structure of gaseous hydrocarbon sensor with high sensitivity

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图 2 半导体气敏元件工作机理

Fig. 2. Working mechanism of semiconductor gas-sensitive components

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图 3 烧结型气敏元件

Fig. 3. Gas-sensitive components with sintered material

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图 4 ZnO薄膜气体气敏元件

Fig. 4. Gas-sensitive components with ZnO thin membrane

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图 5 厚膜型气体气敏元件截面图

Fig. 5. Anatomical plane of gas-sensitive components with thick membrane

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图 6 研制的部分气体敏感元件

Fig. 6. Part developed gas-sensitive components

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图 7 研制的部分气体传感装置

Fig. 7. Part developed apparatus for gas sensors

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图 8 气态烃传感器与气相色谱测试结果对比

Fig. 8. Comparison of detected results between gaseous hydrocarbon sensor and gas chromatography

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图 9 室内外酸解烃分析结果对比

Fig. 9. Comparison of analytical results from hydrocarbon of acid extracting between indoor and outdoor

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表 1 国内外气态烃现场测定系统技术指标比较

Table 1. Comparison of technical parameters from on-site detection system of gaseous hydrocarbon between inside and outside China

表 2 各种氧化物半导体的感气特性(厚膜)

Table 2. Sensing characteristics of various oxide semiconductor (thick membrane)

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