De-layer Observation Technique and Application in Complex Landslides
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摘要: 滑坡勘测与防治工程实践证明, 地下水是滑坡体稳定性分析的敏感因子.因此, 获取滑坡体地下水位是滑坡勘测的重要目的之一.由于滑坡体组成物质的多样性与透水性差异, 滑坡体存在不同类型的地下水, 即多层地下水位.钻孔终孔水位所代表的是滑坡体综合水位, 不能区分滑坡体中存在的多层地下水位.应用地下水分层观测技术可以解决上述问题.系统地介绍了滑坡体地下水分层观测技术, 并以三峡工程库区和平广场、黄腊石滑坡为例, 分析了地下水分层观测成果对滑坡防治工程的意义.Abstract: Landslide surveys and preventative analysis have shown that underground water is a sensitivity factor of landslide stability analysis. Therefore, it is important to obtain the underground water level at the site of a landslide. There are different types of underground water levels which this paper refers to as the de-layer underground water level in landslides, due to multiple substance composition and diverse permeability. The water level of a terminal borehole is synthesis level for borehole, and cannot distinguish multi-underground water levels by itself. The de-layer technique of underground water observation could solve the above problems. This paper introduces the systematic de-layer technique of underground water observation and analyzes the results and significance for landslide prevention using the examples of the Heping square landslide and the Huanglashi landslide in the reservoir region of the Three Gorges Project.
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Key words:
- complex landslide /
- underground water /
- de-layer observation technique
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图 1 复杂滑坡体地下水概念模型(以三峡库区黄腊石滑坡为例)
1.局部隔水层; 2.滑带; 3.地下水位线; 4.钻孔及编号; 5.钻孔水位; 6.泉水点
Fig. 1. Underground water conception model of complexity landslide
图 2 分层观测管结构
Φ1.内层观测管直径32 mm; Φ2.外层观测管直径91 mm; Φ3.钻孔孔径110 mm
Fig. 2. Structure of de-layer observation pipe
表 1 和平广场滑坡体透水性注水试验成果
Table 1. Injection test results of permeability of Heping square landslide
表 2 黄腊石滑坡体透水性注水试验成果
Table 2. Injection test results of permeability of Huanglashi landslide
表 3 黄腊石滑坡体地下水分层观测成果
Table 3. De-layer observation result of underground water of Huanglashi landslide
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Chen, C.X., Cheng, J.M., 1998. A new idea about drainage pattern in landslide prevention and treatment: By example of Huanglashi landslide at the Three Gorges. Earth Science— Journal of China University of Geosciences, 23(6): 628 -630(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX806.016.htm Chen, G.J., Zhang, L., Zhao, D.J., 1997. Water isostasy and analysis of underground water system for Huanglashi landslide. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control, 8(3): 27 -34(in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-ZGDH703.004.htm Wang, D.C., Zhang, R.Q., Shi, Y.H., et al., 1986. A fundamental of hydrogeology. Geological Publishing House, Beijing(in Chinese). 陈崇希, 成建梅, 1998. 关于滑坡防治中排水模式的思考——以长江三峡黄腊石滑坡为例. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 23(6): 628 -630. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX806.016.htm 陈国金, 张陵, 赵德君, 1997. 黄腊石滑坡水均衡与地下水系统分析. 中国地质灾害与防治学报, 8(3): 27 -34. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGDH703.004.htm 王大纯, 张人权, 史毅虹, 等, 1986. 水文地质学基础. 北京: 地质出版社. -
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