排烃门限存在的地质地球化学证据及其应用

庞雄奇; 李素梅; 金之钧; 黎茂稳

排烃门限存在的地质地球化学证据及其应用

庞雄奇^{1, 2,},
李素梅^{1, 2},
金之钧¹,
黎茂稳^{1, 3}

1.
石油大学石油与天然气成藏机理教育部重点实验室, 北京 102249
2.
石油大学盆地与油藏研究中心, 北京 102249
3.
加拿大地质调查局卡尔加里分部

基金项目:

国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 G199943310

国家“十五”攻关课题 2001BA605A09

详细信息

作者简介:
庞雄奇(1961-), 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事油气成藏机理与资源评价的科研与教学工作.E-mail: pangxq@bjpeu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P618.130
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2004-03-18
- 刊出日期: 2004-07-25

Geochemical Evidences of Hydrocarbon Expulsion Threshold and Its Application

PANG Xiong-qi^{1, 2
,},
LI Su-mei^{1, 2},
JIN Zhi-jun¹,
LI Mao-wen^{1, 3}

1.
Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism, University ofPetroleum, Ministry ofEducation, Beijing 102249, China
2.
Basin & Reservoir Research Center, University ofPetroleum, Beijing 102249, China
3.
Geological Survey ofCanada, Calgary

摘要

摘要: 排烃门限概念的提出为有效源岩的判识奠定了理论基础, 它在油气勘探与资源评价中具有重要意义.采用地球化学的方法论证了排烃门限的客观存在.研究表明, 源岩进入排烃门限后, 其反映生烃潜能的指标(S₁+S₂)/TOC、氢指数以及反映烃源岩残留烃量的指标氯仿沥青“A”都开始明显降低; 烃源岩中可溶有机质的化学成分、生物标志物的含量与分布特征也都发生明显的变化, 没有进入排烃门限的源岩可溶有机质与原油差别大, 进入门限后的源岩可溶有机质开始与原油组分较为一致.渤海湾盆地东营凹陷沙四段泥岩和页岩的排烃门限分别为2 200 m和2 000 m左右, 排烃强度分别为0~1 100 kg/m²和0~150 kg/m², 累积排出烃量为7.365×10⁸ t和1.435×10⁸ t.
- 排烃门限 /
- 资源评价 /
- 生烃潜力 /
- 烃类组分 /
- 生物标志物
Abstract: The concept of "Hydrocarbon expulsion threshold" is taken as an important theoretical base in the identification of effective source rock, and therefore, plays a significant role in petroleum exploration and resource assessment. Occurrence of hydrocarbon expulsion threshold is discussed by means of geochemical approaches. The results show that the parameters of (S₁+S₂)/TOC, HI showing source rock potential and the abundance of resident hydrocarbons-"A" decrease obviously with increasing depth once source rocks reach the expulsion threshold, and obvious variation of chemical composition as well as (abundance) and relative distribution of biomarkers can also be observed. Similar chemical compositions between crude oils and soluble organic matters are observed after the source rocks entered the expulsion threshold, however, the discrepancies are present within the source rocks below the expulsion threshold. Taking as an example of the Dongying depression of the Bohaiwan basin, the expulsion thresholds of Es⁴ mudstone and shale in Bamianhe area are about 2 200 and 2 000 m respectively, with expulsion intensity of 0-1 100 and 0-150 kg/m² and expulsed accumulative hydrocarbons of 7.365×10⁸ and 1.435×10⁸ t.
- hydrocarbon expulsion threshold /
- resource assessment /
- source rock potential /
- hydrocarbon composition /
- biomarker

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图 1 排烃门限地质概念模型(据庞雄奇等, 2001)

Q_p.累积生烃量; Q_rm.残留烃临界饱和量; Q_r.实际残烃量; Q_e.源岩排烃总量; Q_ew, Q_ed, Q_es.源岩水溶相、扩散相、游离相排烃量

Fig. 1. Geological model for hydrocarbon expulsion threshold

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图 2 排烃门限存在的证据

a.煤化热模拟实验: A、B、C、D、E分别表示5种不同的煤岩; b.排油气门限数值模拟(海拉尔盆地煤源岩)

Fig. 2. Evidences for hydrocarbon expulsion threshold

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图 3 热演化过程中源岩生烃潜能变化特征

Fig. 3. Variation of hydrocarbon generation potential with depth

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图 4 氯仿沥青“A”与埋深关系

Fig. 4. Relationship of rock extracts verse depth

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图 5 八面河地区烃源岩、原油中生物标志物的分布特征反映排烃门限的客观存在

Fig. 5. Distribution of biomarkers in rock extracts and crude oils indicating hydrocarbon expulsion threshold

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图 6 排烃量计算理论模型

Fig. 6. Calculation model for expulsed hydrocarbons

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图 7 八面河地区沙四段泥岩、页岩的排烃强度等值线

Fig. 7. Hydrocarbons expulsion intensity of Es⁴ mudstone and shale of Bamianhe area

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表 1 不同层位烃源岩排烃量统计

Table 1. Total hydrocarbons expulsed from diverse strata of Bamianhe area

表 2 八面河地区源岩排烃量相对贡献大小评价

Table 2. Relative contribution of hydrocarbons expulsed from Bamianhe area

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