北京东郊722土壤垂向剖面重金属污染的磁学响应及其统计意义

沈明洁; 胡守云; BlahaU.; 闫海涛; RöslerW.; AppelE.; HoffmannV.

北京东郊722土壤垂向剖面重金属污染的磁学响应及其统计意义

沈明洁^{1, 2,},
胡守云¹,
BlahaU.³,
闫海涛^{1, 2},
RöslerW.³,
AppelE.³,
HoffmannV.³

1.
中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所，江苏南京 210008
2.
中国科学院研究生院，北京 100039
3.
德国图宾根大学地质与古生物研究所，图宾根 72076

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目 40374021

国家自然科学基金面上项目 40172102

国家重点基础研究发展计划 2002CB412300

德国DFG课题 AP34/21

详细信息

作者简介:
沈明洁(1977—), 女, 博士研究生, 主要从事环境磁学研究. E-mail: mingjie_shen@hotmail.com

中图分类号: P575; P532
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2005-07-06
- 刊出日期: 2006-05-25

Magnetic Responses to Heavy Metal Pollution and Its Statistics Significance for Site 722 Soil Vertical Profile in Eastern Beijing

1.
Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
2.
Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
3.
Institute of Geology and Paleontology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen 72076, Germany

摘要

摘要: 对北京城东附近某苗圃内典型的土壤污染剖面进行了环境磁学和地球化学分析, 发现某些重金属(Pb、Zn、Sr、Ba、Cu)和磁性参数呈现相同的垂向变化趋势, 都在37 cm以上显示高值区, 磁化率均值达到192.02×10^-8 m³/kg, 如Pb含量达到67.62 mg/kg, 而在37 cm以下, 明显属低值区, 磁化率均值只有18.38×10^-8 m³/kg, Pb含量也只有23.43 mg/kg.借助于指标聚类分析和主成分分析方法, 揭示出各种指标之间的内在联系, 表明磁参数与Pb、Zn、Sr、Ba、Cu等元素显著相关, 彼此的相关系数都达到0.90以上, 属于同一类别的隶属度在80%以上, 说明磁指标可以作为这些重金属污染的一种代用指标.利用模糊C均值聚类分析分辨出了土壤上部污染物堆积层和下部未污染土壤背景2种不同的特征段.
- 污染 /
- 土壤 /
- 重金属 /
- 环境磁学 /
- 多元统计
Abstract: Two short cores were obtained from a tree nursery in eastern Beijing city, and gray-black pollutants can be found within the uppermost 37 cm of the soil profile. All of them were measured, and one of them, profile BJ722 of 90 cm length, is discussed in detail in this paper. Magnetic measurements, element contents and grain size analysis were carried out to understand the vertical characteristics of magnetic minerals and heavy metals in soil from anthropogenic pollutants, as well as the relationship between magnetic parameters and heavy metals. Magnetic proxies show similar pattern comparing to heavy metal elements, with higher concentration above 37 cm. Index cluster and principal component analysis indicate that strong correlation between magnetic parameters and Pb, Zn, Sr, Ba and Cu (R² > 0.90, membership > 80%). Fuzzy C-means cluster analysis (FCM) shows that anthropogenic pollutants accumulated and enriched above 37 cm. Below 37 cm, soil is unpolluted. Our work demonstrates that magnetic measurements can be used to delineate anthropogenic pollution in the soil profile and to identify the migration depth and the depth of unpolluted soil with the help of multivariate statistics.
- pollution /
- soil /
- heavy metals /
- environmental magnetism /
- multivariate statistics

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图 1 土壤剖面磁学参数的垂向变化曲线

Fig. 1. Vertical variations of magnetic parameters for soil profile

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图 2 剖面不同深度样品的磁化率-温度(κ-T) 变化曲线

Fig. 2. Thermomagnetic κ-T curves of specimen at different depths

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图 3 土壤剖面重金属元素含量的垂向变化曲线

Fig. 3. Vertical variations of heavy metal contents for soil profile

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图 4 土壤剖面多元统计分析图

a和b分别为指标聚类树状图和主成分分析图

Fig. 4. Results of multivariate statistics for soil profile

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图 5 模糊C均值聚类分析图

a和b分别是聚为两类和三类的分布图和特征图

Fig. 5. Results of FCM with the 2nd and 3rd clusters

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