Extraction of Oil and Gas Haloes Based on ETM+ Data: A Case Study from Yakela, Xinjiang
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摘要: 在基于单一方法进行油气勘探的过程中, 前人对波段比值的方法给了很高的评价, 但效果均不显著.为了找到一种高效的综合定量分析方法, 根据ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) 数据各个波段特征选取ETM753提取构造信息; 在构造控油理论基础上, 对各种比值(如5/1、7/5、7/3、(7-5) / (7+5)等) 分析; 使用标准偏差、相关系数、协方差和特征值对7种波段组合进行了叠加分析, 如[5, NDVI (the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), 3]、[5, 4, NDVI]、[7, 5, (5/1) ]、[7, 5, (7/1) ]、[7, 5, (7/3) ]、[7, 5, (7/5) ]、[7, 5, (7-5) / (7+5) ]; 最后, 结合构造信息、地质资料等进行综合解译, 发现[7, 5, 7/3]为最佳的波段叠加组合.该方法用于新疆地区雅克拉地区油气晕信息提取效果较好, 同样也可以适用于其他地区.Abstract: Though band ratio is highly evaluated as a single method in oil-gas exploration, the effect is far from satisfactory. To find a highly effective quantitative analysis method, in this paper, the bands 7, 5, 3 are chosen to extract structure information according to specific band characteristics of ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) data. Based on structure oil-controlling theory, a series of band ratios (such as 5/1, 7/5, 7/3, (7-5) / (7+5)) is compared. Then, the overlapping analysis of 7 band compositions (5, NDVI (the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), 3, 5, 4, NDVI, 7, 5, 5/1, 7, 5, 7/1, 7, 5, 7/3, 7, 5, 7/5, 7, 5, (7-5) / (7+5)) are done through standard deviation, correlation coefficient, covariance, eigenvalue. Through the integrated interpretation and combined with geological structure information and geological data, 7, 5, 7 /3 is found to be the best band combination. With this combination method, the extracting of oil and gas halo information in Yakela region of Xinjiang produces satisfactory result, which proves its potential usage in other regions.
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Key words:
- oil and gas haloes /
- band ratio /
- ETM+data.
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图 2 四种波段叠加图
a.[7, 5, 3]叠加图; b.[7, 5, 7/3]叠加图; c.[5, NDVI, 3]叠加图; d.[7, 5, (7-5) / (7+5) ]叠加图
Fig. 2. Four results of band combination
表 1 3种波段叠加方法中各波段相关系数
Table 1. Correlation of three band compositions
表 2 3种波段叠加方法中各波段特征值及比例
Table 2. Eigenvalue and proportion of three band compositions
表 3 经过比值运算后的复合波段信息
Table 3. Information of complex band ratio
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