Flowing Characteristics of CO2-Oil System in Miscible Phase Flooding in Porous Media
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摘要: 为认识混相状态的CO2在油藏中的渗流特征, 利用高温高压三维模拟装置对CO2-地层原油体系在油藏环境条件下的混相驱替过程进行研究.实验发现: 模型产出液量与注入量存在较大差异; 采收率、含水和气油比曲线亦表现出CO2在孔隙介质中渗流的复杂特征.由实时监测的含水饱和度分布场图分析认为: CO2与原油混相后, 流体粘度降低、渗流阻力减小, 这是提高采收率的重要原因之一; 同时, CO2/原油相与部分接触水能形成近似于三相混相的状态.实验研究还表明CO2以高密度气体形式进入饱和水、饱和油无法进入的微孔隙, 这是注入量和产出量不一致的主要原因.Abstract: At present, oil recovery by CO2 driving is getting increasingly important.In order to probe into the flow mechanism of CO2 in miscible state, a high temperature and high pressure 3-D device was used to study miscible flooding of CO2 and oil.With this experiment, it is found that there is a big difference between the production and the injection volume.The complex flowing characteristics of CO2 flooding in porous media are observed in the recovery, water cut and gas-oil ratio curves.By analyzing water saturation distribution map which is measured by saturation probe, it is proved that CO2 and oil can be miscible.The viscosity of miscible liquid and flowing pressure decreases, which is one of the important mechanisms in enhanced oil recovery.At the same time, miscible CO2 and oil contacted with water can make up a similar 3 phase state.Experiment results also show that the main reason for the difference between the production and the injection is that CO2 can flow into micro pores in high density gas state while water and oil cann't.
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Key words:
- CO2 flooding /
- miscible state /
- plate model /
- saturation /
- flowing characteristic
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图 1 实验流程
1.泵工作介质; 2.ISCO泵; 3.平板砂岩模型; 4.高压釜; 5.恒温箱; 6.电子天平; 7.气体流量计; 8.回压控制器; 9.Rusky泵; 10.信号采集、控制系统; 11.压差传感器; 12.饱和度探针; 13.油、水及CO2中间容器
Fig. 1. Flow chart of experiment
图 3 气测渗透率和驱替过程中含水饱和度场
a.模型初始气测渗透率等值图; b.水驱过程-无水期结束状态; c.水驱过程-水驱结束状态; d.段塞驱、CO2驱过程-结束状态
Fig. 3. Distribution of gas permeability and water saturation during flooding
表 1 油藏条件及地层原油性质
Table 1. Reservoir condition and properties of crude oil
表 2 模型条件及控制参数
Table 2. Model and its controlling parameters
表 3 各阶段驱替效率
Table 3. Oil recovery efficiency for various stages
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