ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY RESEARCH INTO MULTI-PHASE PETROLEUM MIGRATION AND ACCUMULATION IN RIFT-SUBSIDENCE BASIN
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摘要: 油气运移一直是石油地质学中的重要理论问题, 也是该领域中的难题.以济阳拗陷东北部沾化凹陷中的几个油田为例, 根据原油及烃源岩有机地化分析结果, 特别是生物标志物的组成, 划分原油类型, 进行油源对比, 以探讨断陷盆地中油气多次运移和成藏的特征.研究证明: 沾化凹陷中渤南油田的形成与三次油气运移和成藏过程有关; 位于边缘断裂带的垦西油田是油气交替通过输导层作侧向运移和通过断层作纵向运移聚集的结果; 孤岛类型的古潜山油田的形成主要与油气从老第三纪油藏向上进行第三次运移有关.在断陷盆地内部以侧向运移和充注为主多形成单源油藏, 在断裂带以垂向充注为主常形成混源油藏.油气的多次运移与盆地中断裂活动的长期性和多期性有关.Abstract: The petroleum migration is not only an important theoretical problem but also a puzzle in petroleum geology. In this paper, the organic geochemical analytical results of the crude oil and source rocks, especially the biomarker compositions, are used to classify the petroleum types for the correlation between the petroleum sources, with some examples of oil fields within the Zhanhua sag, northeast of Jiyang depression. In this case, the features can be summarized of the multi-phase petroleum migration and accumulation in the rift-subsidence basin. The present research results support the correlation between the formation of the -phase petroleum migration and accumulation. The Kenxi oilfield in the marginal fault zone is a product of the alternation of petroleum migration directions: the lateral migration through the carrier beds and the vertical migration through the faults. The formation of the Gudao-type Guqianshan oilfield is related to the third petroleum migration from the lower Tertiary pool. The lateral migration and filling within the rift-subsidence basin often result in the formation single-source petroleum accumulation, but the vertical filling at the fault zone often results in the formation of the mixed-source petroleum accumulation. Therefore, the multi-phase petroleum migration is related to the duration and episodes of the fracturing activity within the basin.
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Key words:
- rift-subsidence basin /
- migration /
- petroleum accumulation /
- biomarker /
- the third migration /
- Jiyang depression
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图 2 渤南油田三种类型原油的代表性甾烷萜烷质量色谱
4MS.C304-甲基甾烷; DS.甲藻甾烷; γ.伽玛腊烷; R.重排甾烷; Tm.17α (H) 三降藿烷; Ts.18α (H) 三降藿烷; Es1, Es3, Es4分别为沙河街组第一、三、四段; M/Z217为甾烷的特征离子质量数; M/Z191为萜烷的特征离子质量数; C27-C35为质量色谱图中化合物的碳数
图 4 垦西油田两种成因原油的生物标志物特征
Fig. 4. Biomarker feature of two genetic kinds of oils in the Kenxi oilfield
图 5 垦西油田原油性质随深度变化
Fig. 5. Change of oil properties with the depth in the Kenxi oilfield
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