青藏高原新生代以来气候环境演化的粘土矿物学特征

洪汉烈; 王朝文; 徐耀明; 张克信; 殷科

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2010.087

青藏高原新生代以来气候环境演化的粘土矿物学特征

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2010.087

洪汉烈^{1, 2,},
王朝文²,
徐耀明²,
张克信^{1, 2},
殷科²

1.
中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430074
2.
中国地质大学地球科学院, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目 1212010610103

国家自然科学基金项目 40921062

国家自然科学基金项目 40830212

详细信息

作者简介:
洪汉烈(1964-), 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事矿物学研究工作.E-mail: honghl8311@yahoo.com.cn

中图分类号: P534
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2010-05-31
- 刊出日期: 2010-09-01

Paleoclimate Evolution of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since the Cenozoic

1.
Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Faulty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究青藏高原的气候环境演化, 对青藏高原不同部位的盆地沉积物的粘土矿物特征进行深入系统的研究.结果表明, 古新世阶段—始新世阶段时期, 青藏高原古气候以行星风系居主导地位, 青藏高原北部以温暖和季节性干旱为特征.柴达木地区在~36 Ma的降温事件则明显早于全球降温事件(~34 Ma)近2 Ma.在渐新世(34~23 Ma)期间, 古气候以干旱炎热为特征, 但气温相对要低于始新世.在中新世—上新世(23.0~2.6 Ma)期间, 青藏高原北缘的柴达木、循化盆地均在~21.5 Ma发生气候变冷事件, 而8~7 Ma的气候变化事件遍及整个青藏高原.在藏南的吉隆盆地、青藏高原西北部的叶城盆地, ~1.8 Ma之前的盆地沉积物中仍然有相当高含量的蒙脱石, 说明这些地区在~1.8 Ma之前, 虽然总体上气候变冷、变干, 但仍然处于一种相对湿润的气候环境.
- 青藏高原 /
- 柴达木盆地 /
- 札达盆地 /
- 叶城盆地 /
- 粘土矿物 /
- 古气候
Abstract: Clay mineralogy of sediments of the basins in different locations of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau was investigated to reveal the paleoclimate evolution in Tibet. Our results show that the planetary wind system prevailed over the Paleocene-Eocene in Tibet. A rapid cooling in Qaidam was found in ~36 Ma, prior to the global cooling event by ~2 Ma. In the Oligocene, paleoclimate was warm and dry and the temperature was lower than that of the previous stage. In Miocene-Pliocene period cooling event was found in ~21.5 Ma in Qaidam and Xunhua basins, northeastern Tibet. Climate change in 8-7 Ma occurred in the whole Qinghai-Tibet plateau. In Gyirong, southern Tibet and in Yecheng, western Tibet, smectite occurred in a certain amount in the sediments prior to ~1.8 Ma, indicating that climate was relatively humid in these regions prior to ~1.8 Ma though the climate changed into cool and dry in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.
- Qinghai-Tibet plateau /
- Qaidam basin /
- Zhada basin /
- Yecheng basin /
- clay mineral /
- paleoclimate

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图 1 青藏高原及邻区沉积盆地地层分区(据张克信等，2008修改)

Fig. 1. Stratigraphic regions of the remnant basins in the Tibetan plateau

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图 2 札达盆地沉积物粘土矿物变化特征

Fig. 2. Clay indices of the Zhada sediments

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图 3 柴达木盆地沉积物粘土矿物变化特征

Fig. 3. Clay indices of the Qaidam sediments

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图 4 叶城盆地沉积物粘土矿物变化特征

Fig. 4. Clay indices of the Yecheng sediments

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