恢复地史时期大气CO<sub>2</sub>浓度的新指标: 苔藓植物化石

林志成; 孙柏年; 吴靖宇; 闫德飞; 李相传; 戴静

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2012.014

恢复地史时期大气CO₂浓度的新指标: 苔藓植物化石

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2012.014

林志成^{1, 2,},
孙柏年^1, ,,
吴靖宇¹,
闫德飞¹,
李相传¹,
戴静¹

1.
兰州大学资源环境学院与西部环境教育部重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000
2.
重庆科技学院石油与天然气工程学院, 重庆 401331

基金项目:

国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目 2012CB822003

国家自然科学基金 41172022

高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金 20100211110019

详细信息

作者简介:
林志成(1983-), 男, 博士, 主要从事古生物学与地层学研究.E-mail: linnzc@163.com

通讯作者:
孙柏年, E-mail: bnsun@lzu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P52;Q914
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2010-07-13
- 刊出日期: 2012-01-15

New Proxy for Atmospheric Paleo-CO₂ Level During Phanerozoic: Carbon Isotope Discrimination of Fossil Liverworts

1.
Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
2.
Oil and Gas Engineering Institute, Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing 401331, China

摘要

摘要: 在中国已知最好的苔藓植物化石产地之一河北蔚县, 采集了大量中侏罗世的苔藓植物化石, 选取了3种保存较好的数十块苔类植物化石进行实验室分析处理, 测定了它们的碳同位素组成, 并计算出Δ¹³C, 运用国际学术界古大气CO₂浓度的最新研究成果, 即通过地质学、植物学、植物生理学、地球化学和概率统计学的多学科交叉研究, 利用苔藓植物化石有机碳同位素判别这一全新指标和重建古大气二氧化碳的模型——BRYOCARB, 恢复出中侏罗世的古大气CO₂浓度约为705(BRYOCARB_NP)或566(BRYOCARB_P)μmol/mol, 结果表明苔藓植物化石是恢复地质历史时期大气CO₂浓度变化的有效新指标.
- 植物化石 /
- 碳同位素判别 /
- 古CO₂浓度 /
- 光合作用 /
- C3植物 /
- 地层学
Abstract: This paper summarizes the latest approaches and results of reconstructed paleo-CO₂ level for the pre-Quaternary period. With the link and response between the carbon isotope composition of the fossil liverworts and the paleo-CO₂ level, the carbon isotope discrimination (Δ¹³C) of fossil liverwort is introduced as a new proxy for paleo-CO₂ level. It is an interdisciplinary research concerning the relevant domains such as geology, botany, phytophysiology, geochemistry, probability and statistics. The theory and process of the new proxy are clarified and its corresponding mathematical model, BRYOCARB, is introduced. Furthermore, in order to test the result of the new method, a case study has been carried out. Three species fossil liverworts of the Middle Jurassic were collected from Yuxian County, Hebei Province, which is one of the best known fossil sites of bryophytes in China. After a series of experiments and analyses, their carbon isotope compositions were measured and then their Δ¹³C were calculated. With the Δ¹³C values and some other environmental parameters running in BRYOCARB, the paleo-CO₂ level was calculated, which is ~705 (BRYOCARB_NP for with no pores liverworts) μmol/mol or ~566 (BRYOCARB_P for with pores liverworts) μmol/mol. The results show a good agreement with other proxies and the long term geochemical models, which proves the carbon isotope discrimination of fossil liverwort is an effective proxy.
- plant fossils /
- carbon isotope discrimination /
- paleo-CO₂ level /
- photosynthesis /
- C3 plants /
- stratigraphy

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图 1 GEOCARB-Ⅲ以及各类指标所获得的对应各个地质历史时期古大气二氧化碳浓度值

GEOCARB-Ⅲ数据根据Berner and Kothavala, 2001；其他各指标数据收集自Royer, 2006

Fig. 1. Reconstructed paleo-CO₂ levels from the GEOCARB-Ⅲ and different proxies during the Phanerozoic

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 化石采集点地理位置(图中四角星为化石点)

Fig. 2. Geographic position of the fossil site

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图 3 3种河北蔚县中侏罗世化石手标本

a, b. Riccardiopsis hsüi；c, d. Metzgerites yuxianensis；e, f, g. Hepaticites sp.；比例棒长度为1 cm

Fig. 3. Fossil specimens of three species of liverwort

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 河北蔚县中侏罗世3种苔类植物同位素判别与二氧化碳浓度函数图及其对应的概率密度函数图以及所恢复的古二氧化碳浓度结果平均值在GEOCARBSULF上的投影

a, b, e.对应BRYOCARB_NP模型下的函数图像和结果；c, d, f.对应BRYOCARB_P模型下的函数图像和结果；e, f.黑色圆点代表利用河北苔藓化石所恢复的二氧化碳浓度, 灰色正方形点为Fletcher et al.(2008)的数据, 3条曲线分别代表Berner的GEOCARBSULF模型在不同火山作用强度情况下的二氧化碳浓度曲线(Berner, 2006; Fletcher et al., 2008)

Fig. 4. Atmospheric CO₂ levels from the Middle Jurassic fossil liverworts of Hebei Province

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表 1 3种化石苔藓植物对应的各古环境参数及其碳同位素组成和碳同位素判别测定结果

Table 1. Environmental parameters and the carbon isotope composition and discrimination of the three species of fossil liverwort

属种	年代(Ma)	δ¹³C_p^*(‰)	Δ¹³C(‰)	δ¹³C_a(‰)	古纬度(°N)	古辐照q(μmol·m^-2s^-1)	古氧气浓度o_i(%)	古气温T(K)
Riccardiopsis hsüi	161~175	-25.624±1.33	20.45±1.8	-5.7±0.69	35	221±28	12.6±0.6	299.15±1.0
Metzgerites yuxianensis	161~175	-25.769±1.33	20.60±1.8	-5.7±0.69	35	221±28	12.6±0.6	299.15±1.0
Hepaticites sp.	161~175	-25.412±1.33	20.23±1.8	-5.7±0.69	35	221±28	12.6±0.6	299.15±1.0
注: 星号处所列苔藓植物碳同位素组成值已经过石化作用值校正.

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表 2 3种苔藓植物碳同位素判别分别对应BRYOCARB_P和BRYOCARB_NP模型所恢复的CO₂浓度结果及其平均值

Table 2. Reconstructed CO₂ levels from BRYOCARB_P and BRYOCARB_NP and their means of the Δ¹³C of three species of fossil liverworts

属种	年代(Ma)	CO₂浓度(BRYOCARB_NP)(μmol/mol)	CO₂浓度(BRYOCARB_P)(μmol/mol)
Riccardiopsis hsüi	161~175	714.5	579.7
Metzgerites yuxianensis	161~175	727.0	576.3
Hepaticites sp.	161~175	674.2	543.3
平均值	168	705.2	566.4

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