Characteristics and Variability of Heinrich-2 Event Recorded by Stalagmite Oxygen Isotopic Composition in the Western Loess Plateau
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摘要: 青藏高原与黄土高原过渡带的甘肃武都万象洞位于现代夏季风的边缘区, 对气候变化极为敏感.通过洞内一支石笋WX40D的6个高精度TIMS-U系定年数据和616个样品的氧同位素测定, 建立了28.3~23.0 ka B.P., 分辨率约为10年的亚洲季风气候变化序列. 石笋δ18O记录揭示Marine Isotope Stage 2 (MIS2)早期东亚季风气候具有10~100 a尺度高频震荡特征, 从中识别出北大西洋Heinrich 2 (H2)特强冷事件, 且记录显示该事件开始于24.6 ka B.P., 呈突发式降温之后持续跌宕式降温变化. 对比研究发现, 万象洞石笋δ18O记录H2事件与葫芦洞、天鹅洞的石笋记录有差别, 但是与湖南金滩湾洞穴石笋δ18O记录、33°N太阳辐射强度以及极地GRIP冰心记录变化趋势一致, 表明季风边缘区气候变化主要受北半球中纬度太阳辐射能背景、北大西洋冰漂碎屑带的扩张以及低纬太平洋海表温度变化等因素的控制, 同时万象洞特殊的地理位置使得区域气候更易受到与极地气候有密切联系的亚洲冬季风和西风环流变化的影响.Abstract: Wanxiang Cave is sensitive to climate change due to its special geographic location, located at the transition of Tibet plateau and Loess plateau. A 10-year resolution oxygen isotope record of stalagmite from the Wanxiang Cave, based on 6 precise 230Th dates and 616 oxygen isotopic measurements provides a detailed history of the Asian Monsoon from 28.3 to 23.0 ka B.P.. A high-resolution oxygen isotopic record reveals decadal-centural oscillations in air temperature in the East Asian monsoon climate area during the early time of marine isotope stadial 2 (MIS2). The most conspicuous feature in the oxygen isotopic record in the period is the particularly cold event synchronized with the penultimate Heinrich event (H2) in the northern Atlantic deep-sea records. This particular cold event, beginning at 24.6 ka B.P., δ18O record demonstrates that the event lasted 1 200 years with gradually cooling, which is different from δ18O record from Hulu Cave and Tian'e Cave—a gradually cooling tendency after the remarkable cooling down. However, the δ18O record from Wanxiang Cave matches well with 33°N insolation and δ18O record from Jintanwan, Hunan Province; The cooling event recorded in Wanxiang Cave is also consistent with δ18O record in GRIP. We maintain that this unique pattern of event recorded in the stalagmite δ18O might be controlled by various factors including solar radiation, expansion of ice raft debrise in the northern Atlantic and sea surface temperature.The particular location of the Wanxiang Cave makes the stalagmite δ18O easily affected by Asian winter monsoon and westly circulation correlated with Polar climate.
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Key words:
- Wanxiang Cave /
- stalagmite /
- oxygen isotopes /
- H2 event /
- climate change
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图 4 末次冰期晚期万象洞石笋WX40D δ18O与WX42A灰度记录(张德忠等, 2011)的H事件
Fig. 4. Comparison H events recorded by WX40D δ18O and WX42A gray scale during late last glacial
图 5 万象洞WX40D石笋δ18O与格陵兰冰心记录GRIP温度记录(Rasmussen et al., 2008)
Fig. 5. Comparison of δ18O record of stalagmite WX40D Wanxiang Cave with GRIP
表 1 万象洞石笋WX40D的MC-ICP-MS铀系定年结果
Table 1. Results of 230Th dating for WX40D
样品编号 距离(mm) 238U(10-9) 232Th(10-12) d234U*测量值 230Th/238U活度比 230Th年龄(a)(未校正) 230Th年龄(a)(校正年龄) WX40D-1 38.0 7 075±6 793±16 604±2.0 0.311 2±0.000 5 23 212±50 23 150±50 WX40D-2 50.5 4 087±3 339±8 559±1.8 0.329 8±0.000 4 25 559±50 25 497±50 WX40D-3 54.0 6 301±5 311±8 554±1.8 0.331 0±0.000 4 25 747±47 25 686±47 WX40D-4 73.0 4 178±3 619±13 531±1.7 0.339 5±0.000 4 26 944±51 26 881±51 WX40D-5 79.0 2 143±2 504±11 525±2.1 0.350 1±0.0005 28 022±65 27 958±65 WX40D-6 99.5 4 890±3 740±16 612±1.8 0.374 5±0.000 5 28 360±55 28 297±55 注:λ230=9.157 7×10-6 a-1,λ234=2.826 3×10-6 a-1,λ238=1.551 25×10-10 a-1;δ234U=([234U/238U]活度比-1)×1 000,δ234U初始值根据230Th年龄(T)计算获得,即δ234U初始值= δ234U测量值×e234× T;230Th年龄的校正值是假设初始230Th/232Th原子比为(4.4±2.2)×10-6. -
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