燕山造山带后石湖山碱性环状杂岩体的成因与形成过程

文霞; 马昌前; 桑隆康; ROGERMason; 佘振兵; 熊富浩

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2013.069

燕山造山带后石湖山碱性环状杂岩体的成因与形成过程

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.069

中国地质大学地球科学学院, 湖北武汉 430074

基金项目:

湖北省自然科学基金重点项目 2009CDA004

教育部和国家外国专家局高等学校学科创新引智计划 B07039

详细信息

作者简介:
文霞(1982-), 女, 博士研究生, 主要从事岩石学与矿物学研究.E-mail: lili.xiaxia@163.com

通讯作者:
马昌前, E-mail: cqma@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: P581;P586
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-02-21
- 刊出日期: 2013-07-01

The Origin and Evolution of the Houshihushan Alkaline Ring Complex in the Yanshan Orogenic Belt

Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 后石湖山杂岩体是与垮塌破火山口有关的碱性环状杂岩体, 主要由呈环形分布的碱性火山岩、环状岩墙(斑状石英正长岩)、嵌套的中心复式岩株(晶洞碱长花岗岩和斑状碱长花岗岩)和锥状岩席(石英正长斑岩和花岗斑岩)组成.LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年代学分析表明, 斑状石英正长岩环状岩墙、石英正长斑岩和花岗斑岩锥状岩席的侵位年龄分别为119±3Ma、121±2Ma和121±2Ma.该环状杂岩体火山岩与侵入岩的形成年龄相近, 体现了它作为火山-侵入杂岩体的特征.斑状石英正长岩富碱(Na₂O+K₂O=10.0%~10.5%), K₂O含量较高(5.21%~5.42%), 具正的Eu异常(Eu/Eu^*=1.05~1.40).碱长花岗岩和斑岩均具有富碱、高FeO^tot/MgO、Ga/Al、Zr、Nb和REE值(Eu除外), 以及低Al₂O₃、CaO、MgO、Ba、Sr和Eu含量的特征, 都属于A型花岗岩质岩石.其中斑岩为铝质A型花岗岩, 具有高的初始岩浆温度(880~901℃).所有A型花岗质岩石均具有较富集的Nd同位素组成, ε_Nd(t)值变化于-13.9~-12.2之间.斑状石英正长岩是下地壳中-基性麻粒岩和片麻岩部分熔融产生的熔体与幔源玄武质岩浆混合, 后又发生单斜辉石分离结晶的产物; 碱长花岗岩源于上地壳长英质岩石部分熔融产生的熔体与幔源玄武质岩浆混合, 随后经历长石的分离结晶作用而成; 斑岩是受幔源岩浆底侵加热的上地壳长英质岩石的部分熔融产生的熔体, 并经历了长石的分离结晶作用而产生.该环状杂岩体的形成过程可以概括为: (1)火山爆炸性喷发形成大量的碱性火山熔岩和火山碎屑岩; (2)地下岩浆房空虚导致压力下降, 其顶板围岩失稳而沿火山口周围近直立的环状断裂垮塌, 形成塌陷的破火山口.与此同时, 下覆岩浆房的岩浆被动挤入环状断裂而形成斑状石英正长岩环状岩墙; (3)浅部地壳的长英质岩浆房过压, 促使其高温过碱质A型花岗质岩浆上升侵位形成了中心的斑状碱长花岗岩岩株, 这些岩浆的上涌导致上覆围岩产生倾角中-陡的、内倾的锥状裂隙, 为石英正长斑岩锥状岩席侵位提供了空间; (4)浅部岩浆房复活, 高温过碱质A型花岗质岩浆再度上升侵位形成被嵌套的晶洞碱长花岗岩岩株.同样, 这种岩浆的再度上侵导致上覆围岩产生了倾角较陡而内倾的锥状裂隙, 为花岗斑岩锥状岩席提供了侵位空间.后石湖山碱性环状杂岩体的形成是华北东部早白垩世与克拉通破坏相关的伸展构造体制下的产物, 这种构造体制可能与古太平洋板块的俯冲作用有关.
- 环状杂岩体 /
- 地质学 /
- 锆石U-Pb年代学 /
- 地球化学 /
- 形成过程 /
- 燕山造山带
Abstract: The Houshihushan complex is an alkaline ring complex associated with a collapsed caldera, consisting of a circular screen of alkaline volcanic rocks and post-collapse resurgent intrusions including a ring dyke of porphyritic quartz syenite, a central composite hypabyssal intrusion of nested stocks of drusy alkali-feldspar granite and porphyritic alkali-feldspar granite, and cone sheets of quartz syenite porphyry and granite porphyry. Zircon LA-ICPMS U-Pb analyses yields mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of 119±3Ma for porphyritic quartz syenite, 121±2Ma for quartz syenite and 121±2Ma for granite porphyry, respectively. Volcanic rocks of the Houshihushan Ring Complex (HRC) have similar ages to those of the intrusive rocks, confirming it as a volcanic-intrusive complex. Porphyritic quartz syenites have high contents of Na₂O+K₂O (10.0%-10.5%) and K₂O (5.21%-5.42%) with positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu^*=1.05-1.40). Alkali-feldspar granites and porphyries are characterized by enriched Na₂O+K₂O, FeO^tot/MgO, Ga/Al, Zr, Nb and REE (except for Eu) and low abundance of Al₂O₃, CaO, MgO, Ba, Sr and Eu, indicative of A-type granitic rocks. The porphyries can be classified as aluminous A-type granites, and show high zircon saturation temperatures (880-901℃). All the A-type granites of the HRC posses negative ε_Nd(t) values from -13.9 to -12.2. Porphyritic quartz syenite magmas were derived from partial melting of intermediate to mafic granulites and gneisses in the lower crust that mixed with enriched mantle-derived basaltic magma, with subsequent differentiation of clinopyroxene. Alkali-feldspar granite magmas were produced by mixing of mantle-derived basaltic magmas with upper crustal felsic melts, with fractionation of feldspars. The petrogenetic processes of porphyritic magmas involved partial melting of quartzfeldspathic rocks at shallow crust depths coupled with differentiation of feldspars. We suggest that development of the HRC involved the following four-stage sequence: (1) massive alkaline laves and pyroclastics erupted explosively; (2) the subsided caldera formed because of loss of magma from an underlying magma chamber which reduced magma pressure and facilitated collapse of the roof of the magma chamber along near-vertical ring faults. Magma intruded passively up the opening ring-faults to form the ring dyke of porphyritic quartz syenite during caldera collapse; (3) the high-level magma chamer became overpressured, and hot peralkline A-type granite magma was emplaced as the central stock of porphyritic alkali-feldspar granite. The overlying crust was fractured to generate cone fractures that provided space for the ascent of felsic melts to form cone sheets of quartz syenite porphyry; (4) the chamber resurged and a cogenetic pluton was emplaced as the nested stock of drusy alkali-feldspar granite. Build-up of magma overpressure within the central source chamber imparted upward force to fracture the host rock and form new conical fractures. These fractures were filled with magma to form cone sheets of granite porphyry. The Houshihushan alkaline ring complex formed over a brief time period in an extensional setting related to destruction of the eastern North China Craton during Early Cretaceous, possibly associated with subduction of paleo-Pacific plate.
- ring complex /
- geology /
- zircon U-Pb geochronology /
- geochemistry /
- evolution /
- Yanshan orogenic belt

HTML全文

图 1 (a) 中国东部主要构造单元的地质简图.后石湖山环状杂岩体(HRC)位于燕山造山带最东端；(b)后石湖山环状杂岩体地质图(据河北省地质局第二区域地质调查队1∶20万山海关幅(1974)、河北省地矿局区域地质调查大队1∶5万山海关幅(1988)；中国地质大学(北京)地质调查研究院1∶25万青龙县幅(2002)修改)

Fig. 1. (a) Simplified geological map showing major tectonic units in eastern China. The Houshihushan ring complex is located in the eastern part of the Yanshan orogenic belt; (b) Geological map of the Houshihushan ring complex (HRC)

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图 2 后石湖山环状杂岩体的野外地质

a.火山岩(K₁)与围岩秦皇岛花岗岩(γ₁)的断层接触关系，K₁为含球粒流纹岩，白色虚线示断层线位置，小陈庄；b.斑状石英正长岩(πξο₅³)产状陡立，呈岩墙状侵入于K₁的粗面岩中，九门口；c.宽约10m的晶洞碱长花岗岩岩枝侵入于斑状碱长花岗岩之中，三道关停车场；d.侵入到斑状碱长花岗岩(左，浅色)之中的晶洞碱长花岗岩(右上角，暗色)岩枝边部发育有宽1 ~ 2m冷凝边(中，灰色)，三道关停车场；e.石英正长斑岩(暗色)侵入于斑状石英正长岩(浅色)之中，岩墙产状20°∠60°，燕塞湖停车场；f.三条近平行的花岗斑岩岩墙群(暗色)侵入到中心的碱长花岗岩岩株，接触面较陡(62°)，向N(杂岩体中心方向)倾斜，五佛公园

Fig. 2. Field geology of the Houshihushan ring complex

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图 3 后石湖山环状杂岩体岩石的典型显微照片

a.流纹质晶屑熔结凝灰岩，塑性岩屑呈火焰状、枝杈状，遇石英(Q)晶屑呈弯曲嵌入现象，显示假流纹构造；b.斑状石英正长岩，具环边的正长石斑晶(Or)边缘呈熔蚀港湾状，内部出现不规则空隙，其中充填重结晶的基质；c.斑状碱长花岗岩，见正长石斑晶(Or)的熔蚀圆化边缘，含少量钠铁闪石(Arf)；d.晶洞碱长花岗岩，视域中可见钾长石-石英交生颗粒(G)、条纹正长石(Pr)和深蓝色钠铁闪石(Arf)；e.石英正长斑岩，正长石斑晶(Or，浅色)，有熔蚀边缘，定向分布显示流动构造; f.花岗斑岩，石英(Q)、正长石(Or)斑晶熔蚀结构发育，有的Q斑晶周围与Or组成显微文象结构(G).a，c，d.单偏光; b，e，f.正交偏光

Fig. 3. Photomicrographs showing typical textures of rocks from the HRC

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图 4 后石湖山斑状石英正长岩(YS-1)(a)、石英正长斑岩(09YSH01-3)(b)与花岗斑岩(09YSH47-2)(c)代表性锆石的CL图像

Fig. 4. (a), (b) and (c)-Cathodoluminescence (CL) images of representative zircons from samples YS-1 (porphyritic quartz syenite), 09YSH01-3 (quartz syenite porphyry) and 09YSH47-2 (granite porphyry)

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图 5 后石湖山环状杂岩体斑状石英正长岩(YS-1)(a)、石英正长斑岩(09YSH01-3)(b)、(c)与花岗斑岩(09YSH47-2)(d)的锆石U-Pb谐和图

Fig. 5. Concordia diagrams showing zircon U-Pb ages for sample (a) YS-1 (porphyritic quartz syenite), (b), (c) 09YSH01-3 (quartz syenite porphyry) and (d) 09YSH47-2 (granite porphyry) from the HRC

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图 6 后石湖山岩石的地球化学分类

a.在全碱-硅(TAS)图(Na₂O+K₂O)(%)-SiO₂(%)中岩石的命名(Middlemost, 1994)，图中碱性与亚碱性系的分界线(虚线)据Miyashiro(1978).b.K₂O(%)-SiO₂(%)图，分界线据Peccerillo and Taylor(1976).c.A/NK-A/CNK图(Maniar and Piccoli, 1989)，反映铝饱和程度.A=Al₂O₃，N=Na₂O，K=K₂O，C=CaO(摩尔数).数据来源：碱长花岗岩、碱流岩、石英正长岩和粗面岩据Yang et al.(2008)；钠铁闪石花岗岩据刘红涛等(2002)

Fig. 6. Geochemical classification diagrams of rocks from the HRC

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图 7 (a) FeO^tot/(FeO^tot+MgO)-SiO₂(%)；(b)Na₂O+K₂O-CaO(%)-SiO₂(%)分类图解(据Frost et al., 2001)

图中样品代号同图 6；全世界486个典型A型花岗岩成分点圈定的范围用阴影区表示

Fig. 7. (a) and (b)-Fe^* (FeO^tot/(FeO^tot+MgO)) and modified alkali-lime index (MALI=Na₂O+K₂O-CaO (%)) of rocks from the HRC plotted against % SiO₂

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图 8 后石湖山岩石的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图和微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图

a, b.斑状石英正长岩；c, d.晶洞碱长花岗岩和斑状碱长花岗岩；e, f.石英正长斑岩和花岗斑岩.a，b中阴影区代表的石英正长岩和粗面岩，c~f中阴影区代表碱长花岗岩和碱流岩的成分.球粒陨石和原始地幔标准化值据Sun and McDonough(1989)，样品代号同图 6，数据来源据Yang et al.(2008)

Fig. 8. Chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns and primitive mantle-normalized spidergarams

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图 9 后石湖山环状杂岩体沿图 1b中剖面线(ab)的柱状剖面示意

Fig. 9. Schematic block-diagram of the HRC. (ab) is the line (ab) shown in Fig. 1b

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图 10 (a) V-Cr；(b)Ba-Eu/Eu^*；(c)Rb/Sr-Sr以及(d)Ba-Sr的变异图，表明了矿物的分离结晶趋势

图中样品代号同图 6.矿物缩写为：橄榄石(Ol)、斜方辉石(Opx)、单斜辉石(Cpx)、角闪石(Am)、黑云母(Bi)、斜长石(Pl)和钾长石(Kf)

Fig. 10. (a) V vs. Cr, (b) Ba vs. Eu/Eu^*, (c) Rb/Sr-Sr and (d) Ba vs. Sr diagrams showing crystal fractionation trends of the rocks from the HRC

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图 11 后石湖山环状杂岩体岩石的(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i-ε_Nd(t)投图，并与燕山造山带其他A型花岗岩对比

数据来源：后石湖山、响山及千层背碱长花岗岩和碱流岩据Yang et al.(2008)；后石湖山正长岩和粗面岩据Yang et al.(2008)；黑熊山碱长花岗岩据王焰和张旗(2001)；邓扎子A型花岗岩据Niu et al.(2011)；甲山A型花岗岩体据Yang et al.(2007)；华北克拉通北缘赤峰-开源断裂以南的南区具有明显EMI型特征的玄武岩据周新华等(2001)；主要来源于EMI型地幔的晚侏罗世高镁安山岩据Zhang et al.(2003).亏损地幔据Zindler et al.(1984)；上地壳(UCC)、下地壳(LCC)据Jahn et al.(1999).ε_Nd(t)值均由t=120Ma推算而得.除图中已标注样品代号外，其他的均同图 6

Fig. 11. ε_Nd(t) vs.(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i diagram for rocks from the HRC and other alkaline rocks including A-type granites from Yanshan orogenic belt

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图 12 后石湖山环状杂岩体的形成模式

a.火山爆炸性喷发；b.破火山口塌陷及斑状石英正长岩环状岩墙的侵位；c.斑状碱长花岗岩岩株和石英正长斑岩锥状岩席的侵位；d.晶洞碱长花岗岩岩株和花岗斑岩锥状岩席的侵位

Fig. 12. Sketch of the intrusive and eruptive evolution of the HRC

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表 1 后石湖山斑状石英正长岩(YS-1)、石英正长斑岩(09YSH01-3)与花岗斑岩(09YSH47-2)样品的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年分析结果

Table 1. LA-ICPMS U-Pb data for zircons of porphyritic quartz syenite, quartz syenite porphyry and granite porphyry samples from the HRC

点号	全Pb(10^-6)	²³⁸U(10^-6)	²³²Th(10^-6)	²³²Th/²³⁸U	同位素比值					同位素年龄(Ma)
点号	全Pb(10^-6)	²³⁸U(10^-6)	²³²Th(10^-6)	²³²Th/²³⁸U	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	±1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	±1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	±1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	±1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	±1σ
斑状石英正长岩(YS-1)
01	4.2	207	156	0.76	0.0505	0.0042	0.119	0.0094	0.0175	0.0005	112	3	115	9
02	5.0	232	198	0.85	0.0484	0.0051	0.123	0.0123	0.0186	0.0005	119	3	118	11
03	15.0	579	891	1.54	0.0519	0.0027	0.139	0.0075	0.0193	0.0004	123	2	132	7
04	17.1	621	1334	2.15	0.0474	0.0046	0.119	0.0113	0.0181	0.0004	116	2	114	10
05	7.0	327	320	0.98	0.0495	0.0041	0.123	0.0107	0.0179	0.0004	114	3	118	10
06	11.7	509	534	1.05	0.0505	0.0033	0.130	0.0084	0.0187	0.0004	119	3	124	8
07	6.7	285	296	1.04	0.0499	0.0052	0.129	0.0137	0.0185	0.0004	118	3	123	12
08	22.2	749	1446	1.93	0.0485	0.0028	0.132	0.0074	0.0196	0.0003	125	2	126	7
09	90.8	2965	6689	2.26	0.0470	0.0011	0.124	0.0035	0.0190	0.0003	121	2	119	3
10	4.1	184	141	0.77	0.0496	0.0079	0.127	0.0198	0.0187	0.0005	119	3	121	18
11	14.6	557	856	1.54	0.0492	0.0026	0.121	0.0065	0.0180	0.0003	115	2	116	6
12	4.3	183	133	0.73	0.0503	0.0055	0.133	0.0142	0.0192	0.0007	123	5	127	13
石英正长斑岩(09YSH01-3)
01	42.7	338	550	1.63	0.0573	0.0014	0.639	0.0150	0.0806	0.0006	500	4	502	9
02	13.5	489	650	1.33	0.0491	0.0051	0.124	0.0115	0.0187	0.0005	120	3	118	10
03	6.9	274	217	0.79	0.0481	0.0051	0.124	0.0122	0.0187	0.0005	120	3	119	11
04	3.5	153	67	0.44	0.0491	0.0062	0.128	0.0163	0.0191	0.0005	122	3	122	15
05	3.4	147	60	0.41	0.0498	0.0089	0.133	0.0224	0.0196	0.0007	125	4	127	20
06	81.7	444	71	0.16	0.0723	0.0013	1.658	0.0320	0.1658	0.0013	989	7	993	12
07	4.3	181	87	0.48	0.0484	0.0081	0.136	0.0234	0.0201	0.0007	128	4	130	21
08	3.1	129	111	0.87	0.0502	0.0116	0.120	0.0275	0.0179	0.0009	114	6	115	25
09	3.3	152	74	0.49	0.0484	0.0061	0.122	0.0160	0.0182	0.0007	116	4	117	15
10	4.3	192	100	0.52	0.0544	0.0095	0.132	0.0198	0.0189	0.0008	121	5	125	18
11	5.8	231	211	0.91	0.0493	0.0042	0.129	0.0111	0.0190	0.0004	121	2	123	10
12	6.3	251	246	0.98	0.0489	0.0033	0.126	0.0084	0.0188	0.0003	120	2	120	8
花岗斑岩(09YSH47-2)
01	6.6	267	178	0.67	0.0520	0.0072	0.139	0.0191	0.0195	0.0005	124	3	132	17
02	5.3	225	127	0.56	0.0506	0.0040	0.134	0.0096	0.0195	0.0004	124	2	128	9
03	4.4	191	95	0.50	0.0512	0.0061	0.129	0.0133	0.0193	0.0005	123	3	123	12
04	5.5	226	127	0.56	0.0480	0.0043	0.129	0.0113	0.0195	0.0003	125	2	123	10
05	5.4	232	129	0.56	0.0500	0.0034	0.130	0.0086	0.0190	0.0003	121	2	124	8
06	4.5	190	98	0.51	0.0494	0.0044	0.131	0.0107	0.0195	0.0004	124	2	125	10
07	5.2	216	115	0.53	0.0524	0.0050	0.136	0.0120	0.0195	0.0004	124	3	130	11
08	5.5	236	142	0.60	0.0492	0.0032	0.127	0.0079	0.0189	0.0003	121	2	122	7
09	5.2	220	125	0.57	0.0479	0.0037	0.127	0.0099	0.0193	0.0003	123	2	121	9
10	4.6	197	111	0.56	0.0499	0.0055	0.127	0.0129	0.0191	0.0005	122	3	121	12
11	6.5	281	183	0.65	0.0489	0.0023	0.123	0.0056	0.0184	0.0002	118	1	118	5
12	5.0	208	117	0.56	0.0474	0.0045	0.130	0.0125	0.0195	0.0004	125	3	124	11
13	5.7	249	138	0.56	0.0473	0.0045	0.123	0.0125	0.0185	0.0003	118	2	118	11
14	4.6	204	108	0.53	0.0481	0.0043	0.124	0.0115	0.0188	0.0003	120	2	119	10
15	5.7	254	161	0.64	0.0486	0.0038	0.124	0.0097	0.0183	0.0003	117	2	118	9
16	5.1	229	121	0.53	0.0494	0.0030	0.121	0.0072	0.0180	0.0003	115	2	116	7

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表 2 后石湖山代表性样品的元素地球化学成分

Table 2. Element compositions of representative samples from the HRC

样号	09YSH01-3	10YSH45-1	10YSH67-2	10YSH40-3	10YSH67-5	09YSH47-2	09YSH35-2	09YSH11-1
主量元素(%)
SiO₂	75.37	73.49	75.64	74.52	75.41	75.85	76.09	76.59
TiO₂	0.17	0.18	0.12	0.12	0.14	0.14	0.18	0.14
Al₂O₃	12.47	13.72	12.14	12.3	12.53	11.58	12.52	12.29
Fe₂O₃	1.36	2.02	1.86	1.91	1.96	2.18	-	-
TFe₂O₃	2.19	2.44	2.49	2.33	2.80	2.55	2.35	2.1
FeO	0.75	0.38	0.57	0.38	0.76	0.33	-	-
MnO	0.11	0.01	0.03	0.06	0.07	0.07	0.02	0.08
MgO	0.11	0.11	0.08	0.11	0.12	0.1	0.09	0.08
CaO	0.38	0.04	0.15	0.14	0.29	0.35	0.12	0.16
Na₂O	4.58	5.44	4.5	3.53	4.49	2.81	4.03	4.26
K₂O	4.16	3.75	3.85	5.57	4.31	6.12	4.65	4.62
P₂O₅	0.01	0.024	0.012	0.03	0.019	0.01	0.02	0.01
Lost	0.34	0.43	0.3	0.57	0.4	0.24	0.32	0.31
Total	99.81	99.59	99.25	99.24	100.5	99.78	100.39	100.64
A/CNK	0.98	1.05	1.03	1.02	1	0.97	1.05	1.00
微量元素(10^-6)
V	1.95	3.09	3.48	1.19	1.66	2.44	1.84	0.69
Cr	1.84	1.13	0.21	0.73	1.15	2.69	0.35	0.23
Co	0.44	48.4	24.3	57.1	73.9	0.63	57.5	68.2
Ni	1.05	1.44	0.49	1.36	1.6	1.48	1.03	1.08
Zn	68.6	23.5	25.6	64.1	97.5	107	59.7	90.6
Ga	24.7	22.9	23.4	22.4	23.9	24.5	24.7	26.0
Rb	139	97	148	180	170	252	139	188
Sr	11.1	52.6	29.3	8.45	14.5	15.1	15.4	5.50
Y	62.9	41.7	64.9	57.8	61.4	85	58.9	66.1
Zr	510	429	464	451	426	537	527	544
Nb	71	42.1	57.4	57.6	61.5	76.1	53.1	57.6
Cs	1.62	0.58	0.59	0.97	0.85	2.82	0.62	0.98
Ba	66.4	105	42.1	59.9	34.1	24.9	90.7	8.71
La	109	66.3	80.5	68.6	82.4	83.3	77.4	8.67
Ce	189	113	152	137	148	157	147	87.4
Pr	21.9	14.2	17.9	15.2	16.9	17.8	17.2	180
Nd	78.1	49.2	63.6	54.1	59.2	63.3	59.7	19.8
Sm	13.7	8.72	11.9	10.3	11.3	12.8	11.6	68.2
Eu	0.074	0.22	0.045	0.098	0.11	0.094	0.12	13.0
Gd	10.9	7.12	10.7	9.08	9.51	11.9	9.04	0.060
Tb	1.74	1.2	1.76	1.59	1.61	2.12	1.57	11.1
Dy	10.1	7.23	10.6	9.71	9.5	13.1	9.86	1.81
Ho	1.98	1.41	2.06	1.93	1.91	2.7	2.06	10.8
Er	6.08	4.46	6.26	5.78	5.67	8.06	6.07	2.20
Tm	0.93	0.67	0.95	0.88	0.88	1.28	0.93	6.40
Yb	6.12	4.36	6.08	5.85	6.01	8.44	5.99	0.98
Lu	0.9	0.67	0.91	0.83	0.84	1.17	0.96	6.39
Hf	14.4	11.8	13.7	13.6	12.8	17.2	14.2	1.01
Ta	3.75	2.84	3.48	3.59	3.51	4.69	3.37	15.2
Pb	199	11.3	11.1	9.44	48.3	327	10.5	3.71
Th	17.6	14.2	16.7	16.5	16.8	25.7	16.0	17.7
U	4.65	3.71	4.82	3.9	4.27	6.48	3.59	4.27
(La/Yb)_N	12.76	10.92	9.51	8.41	9.83	7.08	9.27	9.81
Eu/Eu^*	0.02	0.08	0.01	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.01

样号	09YSH39-1	09YSH52-1	09YSH12-1	09YSH38-1	09YSH44-1	YS-1	09YSH24-1	10YSH40-1
主量元素(%)
SiO₂	76.68	76.61	76.35	76.81	75.18	65.29	63.47	62.83
TiO₂	0.14	0.14	0.15	0.15	0.16	0.73	0.92	0.87
Al₂O₃	12.39	12.3	12.03	11.81	12.29	16.05	16.52	16.41
Fe₂O₃	-	-	-	-	1.04	-	-	-
TFe₂O₃	1.78	1.87	2.23	2.00	2.21	4.18	4.71	5.73
FeO	-	-	-	-	1.05	-	-	-
MnO	0.07	0.06	0.07	0.05	0.05	0.09	0.07	0.17
MgO	0.06	0.09	0.08	0.07	0.08	0.88	1.07	0.92
CaO	0.28	0.27	0.28	0.25	0.37	1.75	2.01	2.04
Na₂O	4.07	4.09	4.42	4.26	4.53	4.62	5.29	5.11
K₂O	4.59	4.7	4.44	4.47	4.75	5.42	5.21	5.31
P₂O₅	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.21	0.3	0.25
Lost	0.4	0.31	0.35	0.47	0.28	1.17	0.39	0.5
Total	100.47	100.45	100.41	100.35	99.79	100.39	99.96	100.14
A/CNK	1.02	1.00	0.96	0.96	0.93	0.96	0.92	0.92
微量元素(10^-6)
V	1.22	0.96	0.52	1.44	1.48	25.8	31.7	25.7
Cr	0.35	0.35	0.19	0.44	1.87	1.43	1.26	1.08
Co	68.3	62.4	60.7	146	0.38	25.3	30.1	25.4
Ni	1.14	0.96	0.75	1.86	0.92	1.31	1.18	1.34
Zn	64.2	79.5	96.5	102	84.3	67.7	40.3	90.0
Ga	25.3	24.8	25.7	25.0	26.1	20.9	20.8	22.8
Rb	181	199	188	203	184	101	96.9	66.9
Sr	10.1	8.07	3.63	7.34	5.75	202	212	191
Y	65.2	55.7	67.8	53.6	79.4	28.8	28.3	28.1
Zr	484	371	561	423	723	240	224	215
Nb	60.4	56.2	63.0	43.0	80.1	20.9	17.6	18.8
Cs	0.77	0.90	1.57	1.84	1.38	1.34	0.64	0.96
Ba	27.8	22.7	3.45	2.73	30.1	1483	1699	1021
La	27.9	22.8	83.9	77.1	92.1	1482	1716	1023
Ce	68.9	76.8	175	153	189	46.1	43.6	39.6
Pr	144	157	19.7	17.5	18.8	93.8	88.8	83.0
Nd	16.0	17.3	69.7	60.8	64.8	10.6	10.4	9.93
Sm	55.6	59.7	13.7	11.5	11.7	40.1	41.6	38.9
Eu	11.3	11.7	0.049	0.034	0.098	7.42	7.73	7.57
Gd	0.10	0.098	11.9	9.14	10	2.40	3.31	2.72
Tb	9.63	9.86	1.91	1.48	1.82	6.25	6.39	6.27
Dy	1.69	1.62	11.8	8.54	11.8	0.91	0.92	0.92
Ho	10.4	9.51	2.49	1.70	2.52	5.14	5.23	5.17
Er	2.13	1.90	7.23	5.01	7.94	0.99	0.99	0.98
Tm	6.24	5.35	1.14	0.79	1.24	2.77	2.62	2.65
Yb	0.97	0.79	7.46	5.25	8.56	0.40	0.38	0.38
Lu	6.19	5.23	1.19	0.84	1.24	2.53	2.39	2.34
Hf	0.94	0.78	14.8	11.6	20.9	0.38	0.36	0.38
Ta	14.4	11.3	3.84	2.08	4.42	5.88	5.24	5.00
Pb	3.78	3.67	36.3	20.0	75.3	1.33	1.08	1.10
Th	17.3	15.9	20.2	14.7	23.3	7.71	5.55	4.18
U	4.66	3.78	4.52	3.62	5.59	2.33	1.34	1.28
(La/Yb)_N	7.99	10.52	8.07	7.72	10.53	13.05	13.11	12.14
Eu/Eu^*	0.03	0.03	0.01	0.03	0.01	1.05	1.40	1.17
注：Eu/Eu^*=2Eu_N/(Sm_N+Gd_N)；(La/Yb)_N=球粒陨石标准化的La/Yb值.

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表 3 后石湖山的石英正长斑岩、花岗斑岩及斑状碱长花岗岩Sr-Nd同位素成分

Table 3. Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of quartz syenite porphyry, granite porphyry and porphyritic alkaline granite from the HRC

样号	09YSH01-3	10YSH45-1	10YSH67-2	10YSH40-3	10YSH67-5	09YSH47-2	09YSH44-1
岩石类型	石英正长斑岩	石英正长斑岩	石英正长斑岩	花岗斑岩	花岗斑岩	花岗斑岩	斑状碱长花岗岩
Rb(10^-6)	139	97	148	180	170	252	184
Sr(10^-6)	11.1	52.6	29.3	8.45	14.5	15.1	5.75
⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr	36.435913	5.341855	14.69661	62.117136	34.164308	48.624295	93.751904
⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr	0.762033	0.724184	0.758597	0.796899	0.794169	0.773361	0.839609
2σ(10^-6)	4	6	8	10	19	4	10
Sm(10^-6)	13.7	8.72	11.9	10.3	11.3	12.8	11.7
Nd(10^-6)	78.1	49.2	63.6	54.1	59.2	63.3	64.8
¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd	0.1064326	0.1072965	0.113206	0.1151581	0.1154472	0.1223666	0.1092797
¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd	0.511901	0.511856	0.511915	0.511948	0.511926	0.511946	0.511928
2σ	6	5	4	2	3	5	5
(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i	0.6999	0.7151	0.7335	0.6910	0.7359	0.6904	0.6797
ε_Nd(t)	-13	-13.9	-12.8	-12.2	-12.7	-12.4	-12.5
T_DM2(Ga)	1972	2044	1958	1909	1944	1921	1933
f(Sm/Nd)	-0.46	-0.45	-0.42	-0.41	-0.41	-0.38	-0.44
注：\[\begin{array}{l} {\varepsilon _{{\rm{Nd}}}} = \left[ {{{\left({^{143}{\rm{Nd}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)}_{\rm{s}}}\left(t \right)/{{\left({^{143}{\rm{Nd}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)}_{{\rm{CHUR}}}}\left(t \right) - 1} \right] \times 10\; 000;{\left({^{143}{\rm{Nd}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)_{{\rm{CHUR}}}}\left(t \right) = {\left({^{143}{\rm{Nd}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)_{{\rm{CHUR}}}} - {\left({^{147}{\rm{Sm}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)_{{\rm{CHUR}}}}\\ \left({{{\rm{e}}^{\mathit{\lambda t}}} - 1} \right); {T_{{\rm{DM2}}}} = \frac{1}{\lambda }\ln \left\{ {1 + \frac{{{{\left({^{143}{\rm{Nd}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)}_{\rm{s}}} - {{\left({^{143}{\rm{Nd}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)}_{{\rm{DM}}}} - \left[ {{{\left({^{147}{\rm{Sm}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)}_{\rm{s}}} - {{\left({^{147}{\rm{Sm}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)}_{\rm{c}}}} \right]\left({{{\rm{e}}^{\mathit{\lambda t}}} - 1} \right)}}{{{{\left({^{147}{\rm{Sm}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)}_{\rm{c}}} - {{\left({^{147}{\rm{Sm}}{/^{144}}{\rm{Nd}}} \right)}_{{\rm{DM}}}}}}} \right\} \end{array}\]，式中：下标s、c和DM分别代表现今测定值、大陆壳平均值和亏损地幔值；(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_CHUR=0.512638，(¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd)_CHUR=0.1967，(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_DM=0.51315，(¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd)_DM=0.2137，(¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd)_c＝0.118；λ =6.54×10^-12a^-1；t代表样品结晶年龄，均取120Ma；所有样品的(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i和ε_Nd值均由t=120Ma推算而得.

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表 4 锥状岩席与环状岩墙的对比

Table 4. Comparison between cone sheets and ring dyke

侵入体类型	几何形态				成因	成分
侵入体类型	倾角	走向	宽度	数目	成因	成分
锥状岩席	内倾、缓-陡的	主要为环形或椭圆形	可变，多为厘米-米级，少见超过几十米的	数目多，往往组成席状岩墙群	过压岩浆房引起、主动侵入的岩墙侵入体	可为基性、中性或长英质的各种类型，通常表现淬冷结构
环状岩墙	外倾、垂直-陡的	环形、椭圆形、多边形或拱形	可变，为米-公里级	往往为单个侵入体	也可能被动地侵入环状断层	一般为长英质的，不表现典型的淬冷结构

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