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    基于ICESat/GLAS数据的中国典型区域SRTM与ASTER GDEM高程精度评价

    杜小平 郭华东 范湘涛 朱俊杰 严珍珍 詹勤

    杜小平, 郭华东, 范湘涛, 朱俊杰, 严珍珍, 詹勤, 2013. 基于ICESat/GLAS数据的中国典型区域SRTM与ASTER GDEM高程精度评价. 地球科学, 38(4): 887-897. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.087
    引用本文: 杜小平, 郭华东, 范湘涛, 朱俊杰, 严珍珍, 詹勤, 2013. 基于ICESat/GLAS数据的中国典型区域SRTM与ASTER GDEM高程精度评价. 地球科学, 38(4): 887-897. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.087
    DU Xiao-ping, GUO Hua-dong, FAN Xiang-tao, ZHU Jun-jie, YAN Zhen-zhen, ZHAN Qin, 2013. Vertical Accuracy Assessment of SRTM and ASTER GDEM over Typical Regions of China Using ICESat/GLAS. Earth Science, 38(4): 887-897. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.087
    Citation: DU Xiao-ping, GUO Hua-dong, FAN Xiang-tao, ZHU Jun-jie, YAN Zhen-zhen, ZHAN Qin, 2013. Vertical Accuracy Assessment of SRTM and ASTER GDEM over Typical Regions of China Using ICESat/GLAS. Earth Science, 38(4): 887-897. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.087

    基于ICESat/GLAS数据的中国典型区域SRTM与ASTER GDEM高程精度评价

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.087
    基金项目: 

    国家"973"计划项目 2009CB723906

    中国科学院对地观测与数字地球科学中心主任科学基金 09ZZ12101B

    国家自然科学基金 41071274

    国家自然科学基金重点项目 61132006

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      杜小平(1978-), 男, 博士研究生, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为数字地球与全球变化遥感.E-mail: xpdu@ceode.ac.cn

    • 中图分类号: P237

    Vertical Accuracy Assessment of SRTM and ASTER GDEM over Typical Regions of China Using ICESat/GLAS

    • 摘要: 航天飞机雷达地形测绘(shuttle radar topography mission, SRTM)和先进星载热发射和反射辐射成像仪全球数字高程模型(advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer global digital elevation model, ASTER GDEM)提供了全球覆盖面积最广的数字高程模型(digital elevation model, DEM)数据, 但其高程精度还未得到充分验证, 传统地面测量方法很难适用于验证大面积范围的DEM精度.以冰、云和陆地高程卫星/地学激光测高系统(ICESat/GLAS)高程数据为参考, 综合利用地理信息系统(geographic information system, GIS)空间分析、三维可视化与统计分析方法, 对中国典型低海拔沿海平原地区和高海拔山地的两种DEM数据高程精度进行了对比分析.结果表明, 高程值小于20m的低海拔地区, SRTM高程精度达到2.39m, ASTER GDEM的精度达到4.83m, 均远远高于这两种数据的标称精度; 而在西南山地, 这两种DEM的精度大约为20m, 与标称精度相当.最后, 建立了ICESat/GLAS与SRTM和ASTER GDEM的一元线性回归模型, 该模型具有较高的拟合度和显著线性关系, 可用于改善这两种DEM的高程精度.

       

    • 图  1  研究区域选择

      a.西南研究区渲染地形;b.环渤海研究区渲染地形;c.研究区域所在的位置;A为西南研究区;B为渤海研究区

      Fig.  1.  Study areas

      图  2  从GLA14产品提取的各参数之间的关系以及WGS84椭球体与Topex/Poseidon椭球体之间的关系

      Fig.  2.  Relation of elevation parameters extracted from GLA14 and the relation between WGS84 ellipsoid elevation and Topex/Poseidon ellipsoid elevation

      图  3  以Topex/Poseidon椭球体为参考的高程与以WGS84椭球体为参考的高程之差在全球范围内的分布

      Fig.  3.  Elevation differences distribution between Topex/Poseidon and WGS84 (90°N to 90°S)

      图  4  ICESat/GLAS数据叠加SRTM DEM数据

      a.为西南研究区;b.为环渤海研究区;其中橙色与红色为粗差点

      Fig.  4.  ICESat/GLAS data overlaid SRTM DEM data

      图  5  三维视图下的ICESat/GLAS数据叠加SRTM DEM数据(环渤海研究区)

      Fig.  5.  ICESat/GLAS data overlaid SRTM DEM data (Bohai gulf study area) in three-dimensional view

      图  6  SRTM与ICESat/GLAS高程统计分析

      a为环渤海研究区SRTM与ICESat/GLAS高程差的频率统计直方图,b为环渤海研究区SRTM和ICESat/GLAS数据的散点图与一元线性回归拟合

      Fig.  6.  SRTM and ICESat/GLAS elevation statistical analysis in the Bohai gulf study area

      图  7  高程差直方图统计分析

      a.环渤海研究区域SRTM-ICESat/GLAS的高程差直方图统计;b.环渤海研究区域ASTERGDEM-ICESat/GLAS的高程差直方图统计;c.西南研究区域SRTM-ICESat/GLAS的高程差直方图统计;d.西南研究区域ASTER GDEM-ICESat/GLAS的高程差直方图统计

      Fig.  7.  Histogram analysis of elevation difference

      图  8  SRTM高程和ICESat/GLAS高程值的线性回归拟合

      a.环渤海研究区域SRTM和ICESat/GLAS的线性回归拟合;b.环渤海研究区域ASTERGDEM和ICESat/GLAS的线性回归拟合;c.西南研究区域SRTM和ICESat/GLAS的线性回归拟合;d.西南研究区域ASTER GDEM和ICESat/GLAS的线性回归拟合

      Fig.  8.  Correlation between DEM elevation and ICESat/GLAS elevation

      图  9  DEM高程精度与地形的关系三维可视化分析.将高程差(3D夸张因子为10)在三维视图下拉升,叠加到三维DEM模型的场景

      Fig.  9.  Three-dimensional visualization analysis of the relationship between DEM elevation accuracy and terrain (3D exaggeration factor of elevation difference is 10)

      图  10  ICESat/GLAS和DEM的高程曲线和高程差对比

      a.渤海研究区的ICESat/GLAS和SRTM的高程曲线和高程差;b.渤海研究区的ICESat/GLAS和ASTER GDEM的高程曲线和高程差;c.西南研究区的ICESat/GLAS和SRTM的高程曲线和高程差;d.西南研究区的ICESat/GLAS和ASTER GDEM的高程曲线和高程差

      Fig.  10.  Comparative analysis of elevation profile and elevation difference

      表  1  高程值描述统计分析

      Table  1.   Descriptive statistics of elevation

      统计参数 环渤海区域 西南地区
      ICESat/GLAS SRTM ASTER ICESat/GLAS SRTM ASTER
      样本点数 99326 99326 109318 141697 141697 141738
      均值(m) 12.69 14.01 11.93 1871.67 1873.44 1875.19
      标准差(m) 23.81 23.37 19.61 427.67 427.26 429.22
      中位数(m) 5.44 7.00 7.00 1900.68 1902.00 1903.00
      最大值(m) 438.89 423.00 412.00 3540.12 3500.00 3548.00
      最小值(m) 0.00 0.00 1.00 498.90 503.00 496.00
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  二次剔除粗差后的基础描述统计分析

      Table  2.   Descriptive analysis of elevation after the second outlier removal

      统计参数 环渤海区域 西南地区
      ICESat/GLAS SRTM ASTER ICESat/GLAS SRTM ASTER
      样本点数 98764 98764 108704 140116 140116 140060
      均值(m) 12.07 13.50 11.74 1871.79 1873.39 1873.49
      标准差(m) 21.76 21.39 19.07 427.17 426.77 428.62
      最大值(m) 438.89 423.00 412.00 3540.12 3500.00 3548.00
      最小值(m) 0.00 1.00 1.00 498.90 503.00 496.00
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  高程差统计值

      Table  3.   The statistical value of elevation difference

      统计参数 环渤海区域 西南研究区
      SRTM-GLAS ASTER-GLAS SRTM-GLAS ASTER-GLAS
      样本点数 98764 108704 140116 140060
      均值(m) 1.42 1.18 1.60 3.51
      标准差(m) 2.21 5.59 20.65 19.05
      RMSE(m) 2.62 5.71 20.71 19.37
      方差(m) 4.87 31.22 426.30 362.89
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  4  环渤海研究区域分类高程差统计

      Table  4.   Statistics by classification of elevation difference in Bohai gulf study area

      统计参数 环渤海区域(<20m) 环渤海区域(>20m)
      SRTM-GLAS ASTER-GLAS SRTM-GLAS ASTER-GLAS
      样本点数 86005 98506 12759 10198
      均值(m) 1.49 1.91 0.93 -5.90
      标准差(m) 1.86 4.43 3.75 9.36
      RMSE(m) 2.39 4.83 3.86 11.07
      方差(m) 3.46 19.67 14.07 87.68
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  5  西南研究区分类高程差统计

      Table  5.   Statistics by classification of elevation difference in Southwest study area

      统计参数 西南研究区(<1870m) 西南研究区(>1870m)
      SRTM-GLAS ASTER-GLAS SRTM-GLAS ASTER-GLAS
      样本点数(m) 63851 64187 76265 75873
      均值(m) 1.55 2.25 1.64 4.58
      标准差(m) 20.65 17.92 20.64 19.90
      RMSE(m) 20.71 18.06 20.71 20.42
      方差(m) 426.51 320.98 426.11 396.05
      下载: 导出CSV
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