嫦娥二号卫星微波探测仪数据定标和处理结果

封剑青; 苏彦; 刘建军; 郑磊; 谭旭; 戴舜; 李俊铎; 邢树果

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2013.088

嫦娥二号卫星微波探测仪数据定标和处理结果

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2013.088

中国科学院国家天文台月球与深空探测科学应用中心, 北京 100012

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 11173038

详细信息

作者简介:
封剑青(1984-), 男, 助理研究员, 主要从事遥感数据的处理和研究

通讯作者:
苏彦, E-mail: suyan@nao.cas.cn

中图分类号: P691
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-11-20
- 刊出日期: 2013-07-01

Data Processing and Result Analysis of CE-2 MRM

Lunar and Deep Space Exploration Center, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10012, China

摘要

摘要: 介绍了嫦娥二号(CE-2)与嫦娥一号(CE-1)搭载的微波探测仪(microwave radiometer, MRM)的不同之处, 给出其亮度温度的算法和地面定标系数, 并得到CE-2 MRM获得的全月亮度温度分布图.分析了亮温的数据规律, 并以此为基础归一化后比较了二者之间的数据差异.最后比较了不同取值的非线性系数对CE-2 MRM亮温定标结果产生的影响.结果表明: 目前CE-2 MRM数据在3GHz、19.35GHz和37GHz频率符合地基观测结果的范围, 同CE-1 MRM结果相比在月球低纬度地区(≤50°)差异在11K以内, 差异的主要原因是CE-2定标方法的改进以及定标方程中非线性项的引入, 而7.8GHz通道的数据异常表明该通道存在系统误差.
- 嫦娥二号 /
- 微波探测仪 /
- 亮温规律 /
- 数据比较 /
- 非线性系数 /
- 遥感
Abstract: The design difference between Chang' E -1 microwave radiometer (CE-1 MRM) and Chang' E-2 microwave radiometer (CE-2 MRM) is presented in this paper, as well as the data processing algorithm and ground calibration coefficients of CE-2 MRM. Based on the data processing results, the distribution of brightness temperature (T_B) of lunar surface is mapped. We propose a normalization model of T_B by analyzing the regularity of the T_B distribution and compare the result T_B obtained by CE-2 MRM with CE-1 MRM. The discrepancy of T_B for CE-2 MRM results from different nonlinear coefficients is presented at last. It is concluded that the CE-2 3GHz, 19.35GHz and 37GHz data coincide with earth-based observation, and the discrepancy between CE-1 and CE-2 MRM is smaller than 11K. There may be a systematic error on 7.8GHz channel.
- CE-2 /
- microwave radiometer /
- brightness temperature /
- result comparison /
- nonlinear coefficient /
- remote sensing

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图 1 在月球赤道地区相邻两轨MRM的观测天线的月面足印

a.3GHz观测天线足印；b.7.8GHz、19.35GHz、37GHz观测天线足印

Fig. 1. Footprints of the CE-2 MRM on lunar surface for two neighbor tracks

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图 2 CE-2 MRM第一通道接收机工作温度波动情况

图中横坐标表示轨数，纵坐标表示通道接收机中LNA(低噪声放大器)的物理温度，黑色点表示每轨的温度最大值，红色点表示每轨的温度最小值

Fig. 2. Temperature variation of the MRM channel 1 receiver

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图 3 CE-2 MRM第一个月获得的全月面白天的亮温分布

a.3GHz，b.7.8GHz，c.19.35GHz，d.37GHz颜色代表亮度温度的大小(单位为K)，采用克里金插值，空间分辨率18.2km，简单圆柱投影

Fig. 3. Interpolated maps of the T_B distribution on lunar surface obtained by CE-2 MRM during lunar day

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图 4 CE-2 MRM绕月球一周(118min)获得的4个通道月面亮温比较

前半段经过月球阳面(白天)，后半段月球阴面(夜晚)

Fig. 4. The 4 Channels T_B obtained by CE-2 MRM during an orbit

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图 5 月面赤道地区的亮温-时角关系

黑色.CE-2获得的亮温，红色.CE-1获得的亮温

Fig. 5. T_B variation with hour angle

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图 6 归一化过后的CE-2和CE-1月球夜晚4个通道亮温的差异随纬度的变化

Fig. 6. The difference between normalized T_B of CE-2 MRM and that of CE-1 MRM in lunar night

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图 7 Apollo15登陆点附近的亮温和高程

a.CE-1探测获得的7.8GHz亮温分布；b.CE-1探测获得的19.35GHz亮温分布；c.CE-2探测获得的7.8GHz亮温分布；d.CE-2探测获得的19.35GHz亮温分布；e.Apollo15登陆点附近的高程信息

Fig. 7. The T_B distribution and DEM around the Apollo15 landing area

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图 8 值随温度变化的拟合曲线

Fig. 8. The fitting curve of variation with temperature

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表 1 CE-1 MRM和CE-2 MRM的不同之处

Table 1. The differences between CE-1 MRM and CE-2 MRM

不同之处	CE-1 MRM	CE-2 MRM
探测轨道高度	200km	100km
天线足印	3GHz天线足印为50km，其他3个通道为35km	3GHz天线足印为25km，其他3个通道为17.5km
3GHz定标天线安装方向	卫星正X轴方向	卫星正X轴方向偏离+Z轴15°

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 CE-2 MRM定标试验得到的两个支路的传输系数

Table 2. The calibration coefficients determined by prelaunch calibration test

频率(GHz)	p₁	p₂	p₃	p₄	p₅	p₆
3	1.049629	0.110748	0	1.159119	0.02171	0.143442
7.8	1.054172	0	0.223788	1.280389	0.316347	0
19.35	0.893143	0.224638	0	1.113675	0.078187	0.041347
37	0.789749	0.094459	0.207659	1.095647	0.101588	0

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 CE-2 MRM定标试验得到的最终的非线性系数μ及其最终残差

Table 3. The nonlinear coefficients μ and Rms residual of T_B determined by prelaunch calibration test

频率(GHz)	开关温度(K)	平均μ	Rms(K)
3	299.255	0.00035	0.365
3	303.2525	0.000318	0.320
3	312.7575	0.000311	0.225
7.8	303.605	0.000178	0.095
7.8	308.495	0.000187	0.130
19.35	299.645	0.000409	0.165
19.35	304.045	0.000338	0.100
19.35	309.185	0.000326	0.195
19.35	314.5	0.000278	0.230
37	299.58	0.000359	0.400
37	304.08	0.000246	0.200
37	315.27	0.000181	0.130

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表 4 归一化后CE-2 MRM和CE-1 MRM结果在月面50°N-50°S的差异ΔT_B

Table 4. The statistical results of ΔT_B between CE-2 MRM and CE-1 MRM in 50°N-50°S

通道	平均值(K)	标准差(K)	范围(K)
3GHz	7.1	1.0	0.8 ~ 16.6
7.8GHz	-25.8	3.5	-42.6 ~ -16.6
19.35GHz	-3.5	1.7	-15.2 ~ 15.4
37GHz	-10.5	1.6	-23.9 ~ 0.0

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 使用外推法得到的μ值和目前μ取值在非线性项上的差异

Table 5. The difference between T_B calculated from extrapolated μ and that from current μ

频率	目前取值		外推法298K时取值		外推法285K时取值
频率	μ	T_Q(K)	μ	T_Q(K)	μ	T_Q(K)
3GHz	0.00035	-3.83	0.000366	-4.01	0.000607	-6.64
7.8GHz	0.000178	-2.22	0.0001825	-2.28	0.0001825	-2.28
19.35GHz	0.000409	-4.33	0.000419	-4.43	0.000639	-6.77
37GHz	0.000359	-4.02	0.000408	-4.57	0.00107	-11.92

下载: 导出CSV

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