Geochemical Characteristics of the Middle Jurassic Volcanic Rocks of Haifanggou Formation, Western Liaoning Province, North China
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摘要: 辽西中侏罗世海房沟组火山岩是燕山造山带中生代火山岩的重要组成部分.海房沟组火山岩主要由粗安岩组成, 其次为英安岩和安山岩, 属于准铝质岩石和高钾钙碱性火山岩系列岩石.地球化学资料表明, 辽西中侏罗世海房沟组火山岩具有低镁埃达克质火山岩的特征, 如SiO2≥51.98%, Al2O3≥15.0%, MgO<4.18%(Mg#<0.48), Sr≥436×10-6, Yb≤2.25×10-6, Y≤23.14×10-6, Cr≤81.09×10-6, Ni≤34.66×10-6, Y/Yb≤14.25, Sr/Y≥39和Nb/Ta≈20;轻稀土元素富集, Ba、U、Sr和Pb等相对富集, 而重稀土元素和高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti)相对亏损, 轻重稀土元素强烈分馏((La/Yb)N≥10.37), 具有弱的负铕异常或正异常(0.79~1.05).另外, Nd、Sr同位素具有较低的(143Nd/144Nd)初始值(0.511 603~0.511 733, εNd(t)=-15.84~-13.30)、适中的87Sr/86Sr初始值(0.704 9~0.705 6, εSr(t)=8.64~18.11)和较高的亏损地幔模式年龄(TDM=1.81~1.99 Ga), 显示出富集地幔端员(EMI, Enriched Mantle End-member)特点.上述特征表明, 海房沟组埃达克质岩浆起源于较厚下地壳榴辉岩部分融熔, 其成因与玄武质岩浆的底侵作用有关.结合中生代火山岩的地球化学及其成因, 认为早-中侏罗世是燕山造山带从古亚洲洋构造体系向古太平洋构造体系的转折时期, 而中侏罗世海房沟组火山岩的形成(174 Ma)标志着燕山造山带进入了古太平洋构造体系的演化阶段.这对进一步理解燕山运动的深部过程及其岩石圈减薄提供重要信息.Abstract: The Middle Jurassic volcanic rocks of Haifanggou formation from the western Liaoning Province is an important component of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the Yanshan Orogenic belt. The volcanic rocks of Haifanggou formation, which are mainly composed of trachyandesite with dacite and andesite, are metaluminous calc-alkaline and high-K series. Geochemical data indicate that the Middle Jurassic volcanic rocks of Haifanggou from the western Liaoning province have the low Mg adakitic volcanic features, such as SiO2≥51.98%, Al2O3≥15.0%, MgO < 4.18% (Mg# < 0.48), Sr≥436×10-6, Yb≤2.25×10-6, Y≤23.14×10-6, Cr≤81.09×10-6, Ni≤34.66×10-6, Y/Yb≤14.25, Sr/Y≥39, and Nb/Ta≈20. The rocks are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE), Ba, U, Sr and Pb, and are depleted in heavy rare earth elements (HREE) and high field strength elements (such as Nb, Ta, Ti), and strongly fractionated ((La/Yb)N≥10.37) with weak negative Eu anomaly or positive Eu anomaly (0.79 to 1.05 in Eu/Eu*). In addition, these adakitic volcanic rocks also have that low (143Nd/144Nd) initial ratios (0.511 603 to 0.511 733, -15.84 to -13.30 in epsilon εNd(t)), moderate (87Sr/86Sr) initial ratios (0.704 9 to 0.705 6, 8.64 to 18.11 in epsilon εSr(t)) and a higher depleted mantle model ages (1.81 to 1.99 Ga in TDM), showing enriched mantle end-member (EMI) characteristics. These features indicate that Haifanggou adakitic magma were derived from the partial melting of a thickened eclogite from the lower crust, and its origin is related to underplating of the basaltic magma. Combining with geochemistry of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in Yanshan Orogenic belt, the Early-Middle Jurassic in the Yanshan orogenic belt is a conversion period from the ancient Asian Ocean tectonic system to the paleo-Pacific tectonic system, while the generation of the Middle Jurassic adakitic volcanic rocks of Haifanggou formation (174 Ma) shows that the Yanshan orogenic belt has come into the evolution stage of the paleo-Pacific tectonic system. The research results can facilitate the understanding of the deep mechanism of Yanshan movement and lithospheric thinning process.
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图 2 SiO2-(K2O+Na2O)关系图解(图中三角形符号代表样品数据;菱形符号资料见于武广等(2003))
Fig. 2. Relation of SiO2 and (K2O+Na2O)
图 3 SiO2-K2O关系图解(图例同图 2)
Fig. 3. Relation of SiO2 and K2O
图 4 K2O-Na2O关系图解(图例同图 2)
Fig. 4. Relation of K2O and Na2O
图 5 海房沟组火山岩稀土元素配分曲线模式(a)与微量元素蛛网图(b) (标准化值引自Sun and McDonough (1989);棕色曲线资料来源于武广等(2003))
Fig. 5. Chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns (a) and primary mantle-normalized incompatible element patterns (b) for the volcanic rocks of Haifanggou Formation. Normalization values for primitive mantle are from Sun and McDonough (1989)
图 6 Sr/Y-Y关系图解(图例同图 2)
Fig. 6. Relation of Sr/Y and Y after Defant and Drummond (1990)
表 1 海房沟组火山岩主量元素(%)和微量元素分析结果(10-6)
Table 1. The analyzed data of major elements (%) by XRF, trace elements (10-6) by ICP-MS for the volcanic rocks of Haifanggou Formation
样号 CYX-1 CYX-2 CYX-3 CYX-5 CYX-7 CYX-8 CYX-9 CYX-10 CYX-11 CYX-13 CYX-16 CYX-18 CYX-22 CYX-23 岩性 英安岩 玄武粗安岩 粗安岩 粗安岩 英安岩 英安岩 粗安岩 粗安岩 安山岩 玄武粗安岩 玄武粗安岩 玄武粗安岩 粗安岩 粗安岩 SiO2 64.44 51.98 58.09 58.94 66.52 65.35 55.92 62.02 59.34 53.05 54.28 53.73 58.89 59.14 TiO2 0.83 1.05 1.06 1.10 0.62 0.71 1.09 0.70 0.88 1.01 0.97 1.03 0.99 0.99 Al2O3 16.54 18.40 17.49 16.69 15.03 15.81 16.87 16.39 15.37 17.54 17.52 18.24 17.03 16.88 TFe2O3 4.65 9.85 8.15 7.19 5.46 5.55 8.47 5.41 8.56 8.89 8.85 8.33 6.41 7.15 MnO 0.05 0.10 0.08 0.10 0.05 0.09 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.06 0.06 MgO 0.71 2.82 1.25 2.19 0.73 0.49 3.33 1.93 2.87 4.18 3.44 2.98 2.15 2.30 CaO 2.44 5.86 3.98 5.24 3.06 2.76 4.48 3.92 5.30 7.46 6.51 5.95 4.34 4.49 Na2O 4.95 4.24 5.15 4.15 3.89 4.65 3.85 4.33 3.68 3.70 3.93 4.79 4.45 4.36 K2O 3.83 1.96 2.85 2.57 3.09 2.96 2.98 3.03 1.89 1.80 2.10 1.86 3.10 3.07 P2O5 0.27 0.32 0.40 0.47 0.24 0.30 0.40 0.27 0.25 0.29 0.33 0.38 0.38 0.37 LOI 1.40 2.70 1.36 1.52 1.36 1.10 2.53 2.14 2.03 1.44 1.46 2.09 1.77 1.19 Total 100.12 99.28 99.85 100.16 100.04 99.78 99.95 100.20 100.25 99.49 99.56 99.58 99.56 100.01 Mg# 0.23 0.36 0.23 0.38 0.21 0.15 0.44 0.41 0.40 0.48 0.44 0.41 0.40 0.39 ACNK 0.99 0.93 0.93 0.87 0.98 1.00 0.95 0.93 0.87 0.81 0.85 0.88 0.92 0.90 Na2O+K2O 8.78 6.20 8.00 6.72 6.97 7.61 6.83 7.36 5.56 5.50 6.04 6.65 7.55 7.43 K2O/Na2O 0.77 0.46 0.55 0.62 0.79 0.64 0.77 0.70 0.51 0.49 0.53 0.39 0.70 0.70 La 48.01 23.25 35.12 34.75 24.88 28.86 31.02 25.47 19.73 21.12 24.70 26.98 38.83 36.67 Ce 81.09 45.27 66.02 67.77 46.58 53.93 62.08 49.26 39.28 43.91 50.39 53.30 80.61 76.40 Pr 11.49 6.34 8.64 8.98 5.92 7.40 8.16 6.07 5.25 5.76 6.56 6.98 10.13 9.65 Nd 44.15 26.78 34.72 36.22 23.19 29.09 32.74 23.32 21.75 24.00 26.11 28.76 39.53 37.80 Sm 7.47 5.03 5.86 6.10 3.90 4.92 5.38 3.76 4.13 4.41 4.78 5.08 6.62 6.55 Eu 1.92 1.62 1.74 1.82 1.12 1.38 1.62 1.21 1.26 1.37 1.40 1.51 1.61 1.56 Gd 6.32 4.59 4.59 4.80 3.05 3.72 4.12 3.11 3.74 3.78 4.25 3.96 5.41 5.11 Tb 0.82 0.61 0.56 0.56 0.37 0.45 0.50 0.36 0.50 0.51 0.57 0.49 0.68 0.62 Dy 4.42 3.20 2.75 2.69 1.78 2.19 2.46 1.78 2.82 2.73 2.97 2.46 3.33 3.09 Ho 0.86 0.62 0.52 0.48 0.33 0.37 0.48 0.33 0.54 0.54 0.59 0.46 0.62 0.57 Er 2.28 1.66 1.29 1.23 0.85 0.98 1.19 0.88 1.54 1.44 1.57 1.22 1.67 1.53 Tm 0.33 0.23 0.17 0.15 0.12 0.12 0.16 0.13 0.21 0.19 0.23 0.16 0.22 0.22 Yb 2.25 1.45 1.06 1.01 0.77 0.82 1.05 0.96 1.37 1.25 1.47 1.13 1.44 1.42 Lu 0.37 0.22 0.16 0.15 0.12 0.13 0.16 0.16 0.22 0.21 0.23 0.18 0.23 0.22 Y 23.14 18.93 15.10 13.75 9.48 11.14 13.50 9.89 16.47 15.78 17.41 13.46 17.70 17.83 Cr 15.65 42.87 81.09 77.58 61.83 40.81 69.33 41.43 72.26 70.64 24.88 79.57 25.91 21.75 Co 4.95 26.26 19.88 17.08 6.82 8.52 20.08 15.13 23.83 26.54 21.60 24.65 14.34 15.69 Ni 0.84 23.16 30.59 29.91 9.87 11.41 27.94 14.46 27.55 34.66 14.54 34.32 12.00 12.76 U 1.01 0.42 0.78 0.46 0.96 0.61 0.58 1.11 0.28 0.38 0.44 0.32 0.90 0.89 Th 3.82 1.24 2.26 1.89 2.02 1.79 1.73 2.06 1.47 1.78 1.94 1.29 3.83 3.74 Pb 12.57 5.33 8.89 8.28 11.47 10.23 7.26 10.00 4.88 5.12 5.49 5.79 18.86 10.04 V 35.13 198.10 131.10 123.60 72.88 63.88 140.00 72.69 99.44 180.00 155.20 157.60 121.30 118.10 Rb 87.33 35.89 48.61 50.09 63.96 52.52 44.67 59.81 22.81 33.55 43.67 33.59 75.63 76.27 Sr 436 783 763 904 691 672 905 791 574 780 747 917 702 720 Ba 1 309 779 1 064 1 109 910 944 1001 1 022 700 683 771 838 974 928 Ta 0.49 0.21 0.34 0.33 0.44 0.41 0.28 0.48 0.21 0.25 0.28 0.23 0.48 0.47 Nb 9.65 4.54 7.29 7.19 7.00 7.02 6.16 7.76 4.22 5.00 5.70 5.17 9.75 9.74 Hf 5.54 2.74 3.48 3.30 2.73 2.90 3.14 4.91 2.48 2.81 3.20 2.78 5.58 5.39 Zr 246.0 124.8 166.2 160.3 114.9 129.6 145.0 192.0 115.0 126.1 150.1 131.0 260.2 256.6 Ga 20.02 21.55 22.37 20.83 18.38 19.61 20.88 20.41 16.48 20.26 20.69 23.51 21.49 21.80 Sc 10.00 17.97 13.24 11.57 6.91 7.26 14.05 8.24 17.62 20.37 17.00 16.94 10.33 10.44 Ge 1.54 1.91 1.23 1.21 1.35 1.06 1.17 1.22 1.10 1.29 1.29 0.89 1.01 1.03 Cu 5.35 37.55 32.51 22.87 6.67 18.91 35.95 13.24 51.59 47.12 30.03 39.93 29.21 49.13 Zn 73.96 97.79 104.10 104.80 59.44 61.81 85.23 75.78 74.76 120.70 88.47 103.80 77.37 80.10 (La/Yb)N 15.31 11.51 23.77 24.70 23.12 25.25 21.13 19.03 10.37 12.16 12.07 17.19 19.41 18.50 Sr/Y 18.85 41.34 50.55 65.72 72.94 60.36 67.01 79.97 34.83 49.44 42.88 68.16 39.66 40.39 Y/Yb 10.29 13.06 14.25 13.63 12.27 13.59 12.82 10.30 12.07 12.66 11.86 11.95 12.33 12.54 ∑REE 211.78 120.87 163.20 166.70 112.97 134.37 151.12 116.79 102.33 111.22 125.81 132.67 190.91 181.41 Eu/Eu* 0.83 1.01 0.99 0.99 0.96 0.94 1.01 1.05 0.96 1.00 0.93 0.99 0.80 0.79 (Ho/Yb)N 1.15 1.29 1.47 1.42 1.26 1.36 1.35 1.03 1.18 1.30 1.20 1.23 1.30 1.20 注:Mg#=Mg/(Mg+Fe). 表 2 海房沟组火山岩Nd、Sr同位素分析结果
Table 2. The analyzed data of Nd, Sr isotopies by MC-ICP-MS for the volcanic rocks of Haifanggou Formation
样号 147Sm/144Nd 143Nd/144Nd 2s 87Rb/86Sr 87Sr/86Sr 2s TDM(Ga) εNd(t) εSr(t) CYX-1 0.102 3 0.511 822 7 0.579 3 0.706 999 14 1.81 -13.79 17.81 CYX-5 0.101 8 0.511 736 7 0.160 3 0.705 693 14 1.92 -15.46 14.24 CYX-8 0.102 3 0.511 719 6 0.225 9 0.705 748 16 1.95 -15.80 12.67 CYX-13 0.111 0 0.511 859 6 0.124 4 0.705 820 13 1.91 -13.27 17.32 CYX-18 0.106 7 0.511 751 6 0.105 9 0.705 244 11 1.99 -15.28 9.81 CYX-22 0.101 1 0.511 730 7 0.311 7 0.705 670 16 1.92 -15.56 8.50 -
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