Seismic Activity and Gravity Anomaly Characteristics of Yutian in Xinjiang and Surrounding Regions
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摘要: 基于最新重力场模型对2014年于田Ms7.3地震震区的重力异常特征进行分析, 并应用Crust1.0地壳模型计算得到震区的深部构造形态, 结果显示: 震中位于地壳厚度陡变带上.同2008年于田Ms7.3地震相比, 震中虽位于不同位置, 但发震机制均与深部地壳结构变化密切相关.统计研究区内历史地震活动性与重力异常之间的关系, 发现震中的自由空气异常与地形存在明显的线性相关性, 而布格异常和均衡异常的结果则明显不同.进一步地分别计算不同重力异常的水平总梯度和线性信号, 结果表明: 重力异常梯度量与地形的相关特性更明显.研究表明: Ms7.0以上大震活动与重力异常之间具有明显的统计特性学, 这可能与重力异常反映的深部结构和壳内质量分布的不均匀有关.Abstract: The latest model of the gravitational field was used in the analysis of the gravity anomaly characteristics in the Yutian seismic zone and surrounding regions. The layered crustal structure model (Crust1.0) has been applied to obtain the deep tectonic structure around the seismic zone. This epicenter occurred in the steep variations of the crustal thickness. Contrast to the Ms7.3 earthquake in 2008 in this region, although these two epicenter were located in different 3-D spaces, they are closely related to the changes in the deep crustal structures. Besides, based on the statistical analysis of the relationship between the seismicity of historical earthquakes (Ms≥5.0) and three different gravity anomalies, we found that the free-air gravity anomalies in the seismic zone are in an obvious linear correlation to the topography, while the Bouguer anomaly and isostatic anomaly are distinctly different with the topography. In addition, the total gorizontal gradient (HGM)of the anomalies were calculated and the analytical signal (ASL) was plotted, which suggest that the gradient values are more distinctly correlated. The results show that a significant statistical characteristic exists between the activities of the strong earthquakes (Ms≥7.0) and the gravity anomalies, which may be related to the mass uneven distribution of the deep structure which caused the gravity anomaly.
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Key words:
- Yutian earthquake /
- Seismic activity /
- gravity anomaly /
- crust model /
- statistical characteristics /
- earthquake
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图 1 新疆于田构造背景和重力异常
a.研究区地形、断裂分布及活动地块边界; b.研究区主要地震活动(1970年以来Ms5.0以上地震)与自由空气重力异常.a中红色实线为活动断裂分布,蓝色实线为行政区边界,红色和黄色分别为一级和二级活动块体;b中地震震中位置用黑色圆圈表示其大小与圆圈直径正相关,于田两次Ms7.3地震用红色五角星表示.图 1a中的地形数据来源于EGM2008模型;b中的自由空气重力异常数据来源于Topex网站最新V22.1版本数据,并经过了Guass 50 km低通滤波,重力单位mGal=10-5 m/s2
Fig. 1. The tectonic setting and gravity anomaly of Yutian in Xinjiang
图 3 跨震中南北向剖面地形起伏、深部构造和重力异常变化数据
a.剖面位置的重力异常曲线;b.剖面位置深部构造界面、地震活动及地形起伏.FGA表示自由空气重力异常BGA布格重力异常IGA均衡重力异常,重力单位mGal=10-5 m/s2;TB塔里木盆地;F1雅鲁藏布江断裂F2郭扎错断裂2008年于田M7.3地震发震断裂F3阿尔金断裂2014年于田M7.3断裂发震断裂F4矛头山断裂F5哈尔克山断裂带F6喀什河断裂以上符号和说明与下图相同;图中地形数据来源于图 1相同,地震目录由中国地震台网提供,其中部分地震没有震源深度数据统一设置为10 km
Fig. 3. The topography, deep structure and gravity anomaly data of the south-north profile through the epicenter of Yutian in Xinjiang in 2014
图 6 研究区内地震震中位置的重力异常水平总梯度与地形高程相关关系
a.自由空气重力异常水平总梯度与高程关系; b.布格重力异常水平总梯度与高程关系; c.均衡重力异常水平总梯度与高程关系.图中各符号和图标含义与图 5一致,其中重力梯度单位为10-5/s2
Fig. 6. The relationship of the gravity anomaly and topography of the epicenter of earthquakes in research region
图 7 研究区内地震震中位置的重力解析信号与地形高程相关关系
a.自由空气重力异常解析信号与高程关系; b.布格重力异常解析信号与高程关系; c.均衡重力异常解析信号与高程关系.图中各符号和图标含义与图 5一致,其中重力梯度单位为10-5/s2
Fig. 7. The relationship of the gravity anomaly and topography of the epicenter of earthquakes in research region
表 1 研究区1970年以来Ms7.0以上历史地震活动
Table 1. The historical seismicity exceed Ms7.0 in related religion after 1970
编号 发震时间和名称 构造位置与震源机制 位置(经/纬) 深度(km) 震级 1 1985年8月23日乌恰地震 卡兹克阿尔特断裂带/右旋 39.53°E/75.32°N 18 7.4 2 1996年11月19日和田地震 喀喇昆仑断裂带/右旋走滑 35.43°E /78.35°N 16 7.1 3 1997年11月18日玛尼地震 茶卡-若拉错断裂/走滑 35.20°E /87.30°N 10 7.4 4 2001年11月4日昆仑山地震 东昆仑断裂带/左旋滑动 35.97°E /90.59°E 10 8.1 5 2008年3月21日于田地震 郭扎错断裂/拉张型 35.80°E /81.43°N 26 7.3 6 2014年4月12日于田地震 阿尔金断裂西段/走滑型 36.10°E /82.50°N 12 7.3 -
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