温州珊溪水库诱发地震构造条件

马志江; 钟羽云; 韩用兵; 叶建青; 张震峰; 林胜法; 徐梦林; 刘倩倩

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2016.112

温州珊溪水库诱发地震构造条件

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2016.112

浙江省地震局，浙江杭州 310013

基金项目:

浙江省公益技术研究社会发展项目资助 2013C33044

详细信息

作者简介:
马志江(1977-)，男，高级工程师，主要从事地震地质及遥感解译方面研究.E-mail: 934176052@qq.com

中图分类号: P315.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-01-03
- 刊出日期: 2016-08-15

The Tectonic Conditions of Shanxi Reservoir Induced Earthquake in Wenzhou

Earthquake Administration of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310013, China

摘要

摘要: 自2002年7月温州珊溪水库首次发生地震后，其地震活动持续至今，但目前人们对水库地震成因了解较少.基于对库区所处的区域地震地质背景、库区地形地貌、岩性及新构造运动特征的分析，采用野外地质调查的方法，获得了库区主要断层的地质特征，并评价了其渗透性.在此基础上，结合地震活动特征及震源机制解的研究成果，探讨了水库地震时间序列及发震机理.结果表明珊溪水库地震活动与库区岩性、断层(尤其是库区内的双溪-焦溪垟断层)及库水特征关系密切.水库地震主要发生在侏罗系凝灰岩夹砂岩、泥岩等隔水性好的层状岩层中，而渗透性较好的双溪-焦溪垟断层结构面则更利于库水下渗，这种岩体结构面组合方式一方面使库水容易沿断层结构面向深部渗透，另一方面断层结构面上的孔隙压力容易升高，因此降低了断层结构面上的正应力，应力平衡被打破，进而诱发地震.在水的渗透和地震活动的相互作用下，水库地震沿双溪-焦溪垟断层(尤其是第三分支断层)从SE向NW持续发生.
- 珊溪水库 /
- 地震 /
- 构造环境 /
- 断层
Abstract: The Wenzhou Shanxi reservoir-induced earthquake has been active since its first occured in July 2002. However, less is known about the genesis of Shanxi reservoir-induced earthquake. Based on the analysis of regional seismic geological background, reservoir topography, geomorphology, lithology and new tectonic movement characteristics, the reservoir area's geological characteristics of the main faults were obtained and its permeability was evaluated by using field geological survey method. On this basis, time series and mechanism of the earthquake were discussed in combination with the study of seismicity and focal mechanism solutions. Finally we concluded that the earthquakes activities in Shanxi reservoir were closely related to the lithology, fault (especially the Shuangxi-Jiaoxiyang fault) and water in the reservoir. The earthquakes occurred mainly in Jurassic sandstone, mudstone rock tuff, etc. which belong to aquifuge tuff, while the structure plane in Shuangxi-Jiaoxiyang fault is beneficial to the infiltration of the reservoir water. This combination of rock mass structural plane induced, on the one hand, easy infiltration of the reservoir water to the deep underground through the fault, on the other hand, the increase of pore pressure on the fault structure plane. Therefore, the normal stress was reduced on the fault structure plane, and the stress balance was broken, which induced the occurrence of the earthquake activities finnally. Under the double influence of water infiltration and earthquake activity, the earthquakes contiuously occured from southeast to northwest along the Shuangxi-Jiaoxiyang fault (especially the third branch fault).
- Shanxi reservoir /
- earthquake /
- tectonic condition /
- fault

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图 1 珊溪水库地区地震构造

2002-2003年地震用粉色表示; 2004-2005年地震用绿色表示; 2006-2013年地震用蓝色表示; 2014年地震用红色表示.F₁.江口-汇溪断层; F₂.岩上-程坑断层; F₃.双溪-焦溪垟断层

Fig. 1. The seismic structural sketch of Shanxi reservoir area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 焦溪村西北公路边断层照片及剖面

① 坡积物；② 土黄色侏罗系块状凝灰岩；③ 暗紫色侏罗系块状凝灰岩；④ 断层破碎带

Fig. 2. Fault photo and profile at the road of north west Jiaoxi

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 驮垄村南公路边断层照片及剖面

① 坡积物；② 侏罗系厚层状凝灰岩；③ 断层破碎带

Fig. 3. Fault photo and profile at the road of south Tuolong

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 塘垄村附近公路边断层剖面

① 侏罗系薄层状凝灰岩；② 断层破碎带及断层泥

Fig. 4. Fault profile at the road of Tanglong

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 杜山村南水库边断层照片及剖面

① 坡积物；② 侏罗系块状凝灰岩；③ 断层破碎带

Fig. 5. Fault photo and profile at the edge of the reservoir of south Dushan

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 银珠坑村东南断层照片及剖面

① 侏罗系厚层状角砾凝灰岩；② 断层破碎带

Fig. 6. Fault photo and profile at the southeast Yinzhukeng

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 银珠坑村东南乡村公路边断层照片及剖面

① 坡积物；② 水稻田下部青灰色耕植土；③ 杂色侏罗系层状砂砾岩；④ 灰白色侏罗系层状凝灰岩；⑤ 深褐色岩脉、似土状；⑥ 推测断层破碎带；⑦ 灰白色石英脉；⑧ 断层破碎带

Fig. 7. Fault photo and profile at the road of southeast Yinzhukeng

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 塘山村北路边断层照片及剖面

① 侏罗系流纹斑岩；② 断层破碎带

Fig. 8. Fault photo and profile at the road of north Tangshan

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 珊溪水库地震时间序列分布

Fig. 9. Time sequence distribution of Shanxi reservoir earthquakes

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图 10 珊溪水库M_L≥3.0震震源机制

Fig. 10. The focal mechanism of Shanxi reservoir M_L≥3.0 earthquakes

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表 1 珊溪水库库区主要断层特征

Table 1. Features of the main faults in the Shanxi reservoir

断层名称	产状			性质	破碎带宽度	长度	最新活动时代
断层名称	走向	倾向	倾角	性质	破碎带宽度	长度	最新活动时代
江口-汇溪断层F₁	40°~50°	NW	陡	正断	2~3 m	13 km	AnQ
岩上-程坑断层F₂	NEE	NW	陡	正断兼走滑	小于2 m	8 km	AnQ
双溪-焦溪垟断层F_3-1分支	310°	SW	78°以上	逆冲	0.25~1.00 m	10 km	AnQ
双溪-焦溪垟断层F_3-2分支	310°	SW	60°~70°	逆冲	小于0.2 m	10 km	Q_1-2
双溪-焦溪垟断层F_3-3分支	310°	SW	70°以上	右旋走滑兼逆冲	小于5 m	大于20 km	AnQ~Q_1-2

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表 2 珊溪水库地震震源机制(部分M_L≥3.0)

Table 2. Shanxi reservoir earthquake focal mechanism (part of M_L≥3.0)

事件			节面Ⅰ			节面Ⅱ			P轴		T轴
年-月-日	时间	震级	走向(°)	倾角(°)	滑动角(°)	走向(°)	倾角(°)	滑动角(°)	方位(°)	仰角(°)	方位(°)	仰角(°)
2002-07-28	19:39	3.5	310	71	26	211	66	159	80	4	122	32
2002-09-05	12:18	3.9	352	89	-132	261	42	-1	352	42	115	31
2006-02-04	11:13	4.0	27	53	176	294	87	38	347	23	244	28
2006-02-04	16:52	4.1	24	88	175	294	85	2	159	2	249	5
2006-02-08	01:29	4.4	40	87	136	307	46	4	165	27	273	31
2006-02-09	03:24	4.6	53	84	171	322	81	6	187	2	278	11
2006-02-09	18:51	4.2	206	90	-168	296	78	0	160	9	251	8
2006-02-10	07:59	4.2	206	77	-142	305	53	-16	159	36	260	16
2006-02-10	14:37	4.1	217	85	-158	309	68	-6	171	19	265	11
2006-02-11	04:36	4.2	50	89	143	319	53	2	178	24	281	26
2006-08-01	13:28	4.0	56	81	178	326	88	9	11	5	281	8
2006-08-01	14:07	4.5	235	81	-177	325	87	-9	190	9	99	4
2014-9-15	13:23	3.5	224	82	11	133	79	172	358	2	89	13
2014-9-15	15:01	3.1	36	73	-5	128	84	-162	353	17	261	8
2014-9-16	11:42	3.3	36	78	-4	127	85	-167	352	12	261	5
2014-9-17	20:47	3.5	38	81	0	128	89	-170	353	7	262	5
2014-9-21	12:07	3.1	36	82	-1	127	88	-171	352	7	261	4
2014-9-22	06:37	3.8	223	85	-178	313	89	-4	178	4	88	3
2014-9-23	13:20	4.2	220	86	7	129	83	176	354	2	85	8
2014-9-23	14:12	3.6	219	83	3	128	87	173	174	2	83	7
2014-9-23	15:02	3.0	224	87	9	133	81	177	358	4	89	9
2014-9-23	17:40	3.7	37	83	-2	127	87	-172	352	7	262	3
2014-9-23	17:57	3.3	33	83	-2	123	87	-172	348	7	258	3
2014-9-24	00:20	3.4	220	89	2	130	88	179	355	1	85	2
2014-9-25	12:38	3.0	232	77	13	139	77	167	186	0	96	18
2014-9-27	08:30	4.1	215	86	4	125	86	176	350	0	80	6
2014-9-27	08:41	3.5	35	87	180	305	90	3	350	2	260	2
2014-9-29	02:58	3.0	36	86	178	305	88	4	351	2	260	4
2014-10-03	11:59	3.1	229	84	1	139	89	174	184	4	94	5
2014-10-05	06:27	3.4	38	85	180	308	90	5	353	3	263	4
2014-10-08	21:58	3.2	45	89	-6	135	83	-178	359	5	90	4
2014-10-09	01:14	3.2	43	89	-5	133	84	-178	358	5	89	3
2014-10-09	01:17	3.0	43	87	-3	133	86	-176	358	5	88	1
2014-10-09	02:30	3.3	215	84	-164	307	76	-6	170	15	262	6
2014-10-11	11:00	4.1	220	84	8	130	82	173	355	1	85	10
2014-10-12	00:00	3.8	219	90	1	129	89	180	354	0	84	1
2014-10-14	01:14	4.2	38	82	0	128	89	-171	353	6	263	4
2014-10-15	15:45	3.9	37	83	-6	128	83	-172	352	10	262	0
2014-10-15	15:49	4.0	38	67	174	306	85	24	354	12	259	20
2014-10-15	16:37	4.0	222	85	11	131	79	175	356	4	87	12
2014-10-23	08:35	3.7	44	74	-28	144	63	-161	2	32	96	7
2014-10-24	10:09	3.1	42	78	-11	136	78	-167	360	17	90	0
2014-10-25	18:42	4.4	220	86	8	130	82	176	355	3	85	8
2014-10-25	19:29	3.7	38	87	0	128	89	-176	353	3	263	2
2014-10-26	07:03	3.2	37	80	174	306	84	10	352	3	261	11
2014-10-28	01:50	3.3	42	78	-4	133	85	-167	358	12	267	5
2014-10-28	03:28	3.6	39	79	0	129	89	-168	354	9	263	7

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