Geochemical Characteristics of the Basic and Magnesian Metamorphic Rocks in Longyou Area, Zhejiang Province and Their Tectonic Setting
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摘要: 位于扬子陆块东南缘与华夏地块之间的龙游地区出露一套中深变质岩系，其对华南前泥盆纪地质构造格局问题的解释至关重要，但目前人们对其形成时的大地构造背景了解不多.通过对其中的基性及镁质变质岩进行系统的岩石地球化学研究，可将这些岩石可以分为3种类型：“N-MORB”型、“T-MORB”型和“E-MORB”型.其中“N-MORB”型岩石原岩可能主要形成于洋内弧环境，“T-MORB”型岩石原岩主要形成于过渡型大洋中脊及火山弧环境，而“E-MORB”型岩石的原岩则主要形成于富集型大洋中脊、陆缘弧和板内环境.岩石成岩环境的多样性表明龙游地区的变质岩实属一套构造混杂岩，形成过程与古大洋地壳的俯冲、消减有关，这也为龙游榴闪岩的产出、定位提供了合理的解释.Abstract: A medium and high grade metamorphic rock series is exposed in Longyou area located in the southeast margin of Yangtze block and Cathaysia block, which is important for the interpretation of South China Predevonian tectonic pattern. But the tectonic setting of its formation remains unknown presently. It is found out these rocks can be divided into three types: "N-MORB", "T-MORB" and "E-MORB" type rock by a basic and magnesian metamorphic rock geochemical study in this paper The protoliths of the "N-MORB" is mainly formed in the intra-oceanic arc, the "T-MORB" is mainly formed in the transition of mid-oceanic ridge and the volcanic arc, and the "E-MORB" type rock is formed in the enrichment of mid-oceanic ridge, epicontinental arc and intraplate environment. Rock diagenesis environment diversity shows that the metamorphic rock of Longyou area is a tectonic mélange and its forming process is related with the ancient oceanic crust subduction, which also provides a reasonable explanation for the output, positioning of the pomegranate amphibolite in Longyou area.
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Key words:
- basic metamorphic rocks /
- magnesia metamorphic rocks /
- geochemistry /
- tectonic setting /
- Longyou /
- Zhejiang Province
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图 1 龙游地区区域地质
1.第四系；2.晚中生界；3.早中生界；4.晚古生界；5.泥质-长英质变质岩；6.基性-镁质变质岩；早白垩世侵入岩：7.花岗岩；8.二长花岗岩；9.石英二长岩；10.石英粗面斑岩；11.石英霏细斑岩；12.霏细斑岩；13.流纹岩；晚三叠世侵入岩：14.二长花岗岩；15.花岗闪长岩；16.地质界线；17.不整合界线；18.断层；19.采样位置及样品编号
Fig. 1. Regional geological sketch in Longyou area
图 2 龙游地区基性及镁质变质岩野外露头
a.呈团块状产出于糜棱岩化片岩中的角闪石岩；b.呈透镜状产出于长英质片麻岩中的斜长角闪岩
Fig. 2. The field outcrops of the basic and magnesian metamorphic rocks in Longyou area
图 3 龙游地区基性及镁质变质岩原岩类型判别
a.(Al+∑Fe+Ti)-(Ca+Mg)图解(据Кременепки，1979)，Al、Fe、Ti、Ca和Mg均为原子数，∑Fe包括了Fe2O3和FeO中的Fe原子数；Ⅰ.基性火成岩区；Ⅱ.基性火成岩及其变种区；Ⅲ.中性火成岩、基性火山杂砂岩和含有粘土质的沉凝灰岩和凝灰岩区；Ⅳ.含有碳酸盐物质的沉凝灰岩和凝灰岩区；Ⅴ.粘土、泥岩、粉砂岩、长石砂岩和泥灰质砂岩区；Ⅵ.粘土质、白云质和钙质泥灰岩区；b.(Al+Fe+Ti)-(Ca+Mg)图解(据Monie and Roche, 1968)，Al、Fe、Ti、Ca和Mg均为原子数，Fe包括了Fe2O3和FeO中的Fe原子数；c.((al+fm)-(c+alk))-Si图解(据Simonen，1953)，al、fm、c、alk、Si均为尼里格值；d.La/Yb-∑REE图解(据Бапащов et al., 1972)
Fig. 3. Discrimination of the protoliths of the basic and magnesian metamorphic rocks in Longyou area
图 4 龙游地区基性及镁质变质岩原岩岩石系列判别
a.Zr/TiO2-Nb/Y图解，据Winchester and Flovd(1977)；b.FAM图解，据Irvine and Barager(1971)
Fig. 4. Discrimination of the protoliths series of the basic and magnesian metamorphic rocks in Longyou area
图 5 龙游地区基性及镁质变质岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式
a.“N-MORB”型岩石球粒陨石标准化稀土分布曲线；b.“T-MORB”型岩石球粒陨石标准化稀土分布曲线；c.“E-MORB”型岩石球粒陨石标准化稀土分布曲线；标准化值据Sun and McDonough(1989)
Fig. 5. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the basic and magnesian metamorphic rocks in Longyou area
图 6 龙游地区基性及镁质变质岩原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图
a.“N-MORB”型岩石微量元素蛛网图；b.“T-MORB”型岩石微量元素蛛网图；c.“E-MORB”型岩石微量元素蛛网图；标准化值据Sun and McDonough(1989)
Fig. 6. Primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams of the basic and magnesian metamorphic rocks in Longyou area
图 7 龙游地区基性及镁质变质岩岩石构造环境判别图解
a.Th/Yb-Nb/Yb图解，据Pearce(2014)；b.Hf/3-Th-Nb/16图解，据Wood(1980)；c.2Nb-Zr/4-Y图解，据Meschede(1986).CAB.岛弧钙碱性玄武岩；IAT.岛弧拉斑玄武岩；WPT.板内拉斑玄武岩；WPAB.板内碱性玄武岩；VAB.火山弧玄武岩；E-MORB.富集洋中脊玄武岩；N-MORB.亏损洋中脊玄武岩；OIB.洋岛玄武岩
Fig. 7. Tectonic setting discrimination diagranms of the basic and magnesian metamorphic rocks in Longyou area
表 1 龙游地区基性及镁质变质岩的主量元素(%)和微量元素(10-6)分析结果
Table 1. Major elements (%) and trace elements (10-6) analytic data of the basic and magnesian metamorphic rocks in Longyou area
地点(样号)
岩性张村(22-29★)
斜长角闪岩溪口(LY12☆)
斜长角闪岩科里(KL01)
斜长角闪片麻岩杨梅湾(YM01)
斜长角闪岩新槽(XC01)
斜长角闪岩际上(JS01)
石榴角闪石岩袁家(YJ01)
斜长角闪片麻岩张村(ZC02)
斜长角闪片麻岩官坞(GW01)
斜长角闪岩刘家(LJ01)
角闪石岩金牛山(JN01)
斜长角闪片麻岩高叶坪(GY01)
斜长角闪岩张村(BJ2-1)
斜长角闪片麻岩板角(BJ01)
斜长角闪岩张村(22-2★)
角闪石岩张村(22-5★)
斜长角闪岩张村(22-28★)
辉石角闪石岩张村(BJ1-2)
角闪石岩SiO2 46.73 47.56 50.24 50.46 46.08 45.04 51.85 46.34 49.58 43.71 49.37 45.08 45.92 50.48 46.74 44.38 39.83 38.60 TiO2 0.91 0.51 0.22 1.54 2.35 3.29 2.06 1.08 0.96 2.37 1.04 1.55 0.91 0.46 0.91 2.41 1.58 1.61 Al2O3 14.49 15.47 15.20 14.42 15.72 14.35 14.20 13.99 14.72 14.65 15.39 14.81 17.29 10.04 14.50 12.15 11.09 9.91 TFe2O3 12.87 10.44 8.26 11.61 14.14 18.89 13.15 13.91 11.97 13.04 10.42 11.28 7.38 11.76 12.85 16.78 16.74 15.33 MnO 0.19 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.22 0.61 0.22 0.21 0.22 0.16 0.26 0.14 0.12 0.23 0.19 0.25 0.20 0.19 MgO 9.34 9.06 9.90 6.43 6.07 5.01 5.27 9.07 8.03 11.98 7.33 8.04 5.06 11.14 9.34 9.45 13.37 10.36 CaO 10.30 13.00 12.30 9.19 9.92 8.19 7.36 9.60 9.30 9.72 7.97 12.52 9.35 10.66 10.25 9.50 13.09 10.60 Na2O 2.99 1.60 1.59 2.68 2.60 0.82 3.74 2.41 0.82 0.89 2.14 2.23 3.24 1.51 2.91 2.36 1.50 1.23 K2O 1.11 0.70 0.43 0.47 0.83 1.04 0.62 0.79 1.73 1.30 2.98 0.91 1.13 1.09 1.11 1.45 0.90 0.86 P2O5 0.10 0.03 0.01 0.14 0.09 0.31 0.28 0.13 0.12 0.04 0.50 0.28 0.11 0.06 0.10 0.39 0.51 0.03 LOI 1.60 1.59 1.60 2.30 1.50 1.96 0.82 1.96 2.10 1.68 2.04 2.56 9.81 2.00 1.61 1.71 2.10 10.99 总量 100.63 100.12 99.91 99.41 99.52 99.51 99.57 99.49 99.55 99.54 99.44 99.40 100.31 99.43 100.51 100.83 100.91 99.73 Mg# 61.72 65.85 72.70 55.17 48.82 37.08 47.11 59.17 59.85 67.12 60.99 61.30 60.39 67.79 61.75 55.59 63.96 60.04 K2O+Na2O 4.10 2.30 2.02 3.15 3.43 1.86 4.36 3.20 2.55 2.19 5.12 3.14 4.37 2.60 4.02 3.81 2.40 2.10 Na2O/K2O 2.69 2.29 3.70 5.70 3.13 0.79 6.03 3.05 0.47 0.68 0.72 2.45 2.88 1.39 2.62 1.63 1.67 1.42 La 3.15 1.46 0.96 5.13 4.77 15.30 9.69 4.67 8.86 10.3 34.2 14.8 9.4 40.0 39.9 25.8 27.5 16.8 Ce 8.50 3.86 2.01 12.60 14.40 42.20 26.60 12.80 19.80 40.7 82.0 33.6 22.0 86.0 88.3 61.3 58.7 41.6 Pr 1.27 0.60 0.31 2.02 2.41 6.12 3.97 2.01 3.32 7.23 10.50 4.22 2.93 10.00 12.00 8.44 8.59 6.72 Nd 6.32 3.05 1.41 10.20 11.30 28.10 19.40 9.34 15.10 37.80 41.90 18.10 12.47 40.80 53.00 37.40 39.30 31.00 Sm 1.95 1.16 0.49 3.09 3.48 7.80 5.85 3.10 4.85 10.60 9.16 4.24 2.93 9.92 11.60 8.89 7.99 6.74 Eu 0.78 0.48 0.30 1.17 1.33 2.90 1.78 0.86 1.26 1.80 2.22 1.46 1.02 2.12 2.69 2.38 2.47 2.05 Gd 2.79 2.06 0.68 3.99 4.09 9.63 6.79 3.63 5.34 9.94 8.26 4.47 3.12 10.20 8.96 8.27 7.38 5.66 Tb 0.46 0.32 0.14 0.72 0.72 1.76 1.23 0.64 1.04 1.51 1.27 0.71 0.54 1.95 1.08 1.06 0.95 0.77 Dy 3.44 2.10 1.04 4.68 4.81 11.60 8.25 4.26 6.96 8.93 7.65 4.61 3.31 12.90 6.01 6.71 4.90 4.03 Ho 0.75 0.51 0.22 0.98 0.96 2.39 1.73 0.86 1.42 1.69 1.48 0.90 0.70 2.47 1.09 1.34 0.83 0.75 Er 2.37 1.65 0.65 2.76 2.78 6.93 5.13 2.49 3.95 4.47 4.19 2.45 1.86 6.95 2.72 3.52 2.11 1.78 Tm 0.340 0.200 0.096 0.420 0.430 1.060 0.760 0.370 0.590 0.62 0.63 0.36 0.27 1.02 0.35 0.42 0.28 0.23 Yb 2.40 1.41 0.66 2.64 2.76 6.67 4.98 2.37 3.70 3.71 4.14 2.35 1.68 6.19 2.04 2.64 1.63 1.35 Lu 0.360 0.240 0.092 0.390 0.440 1.000 0.740 0.360 0.560 0.52 0.58 0.31 0.25 0.82 0.30 0.39 0.25 0.20 ΣREE 34.88 19.10 9.06 50.84 54.67 143.47 96.88 47.75 76.66 139.87 208.21 92.52 62.52 231.23 230.04 168.56 162.85 119.68 LREE/HREE 1.70 1.25 1.53 2.06 2.22 2.50 2.27 2.19 2.25 3.45 6.38 4.72 4.33 4.44 9.20 5.92 7.88 7.10 LaN/YbN 0.94 0.74 1.05 1.39 1.24 1.65 1.40 1.41 1.72 1.98 5.93 4.51 4.01 4.63 14.03 7.01 12.11 8.91 δEu 1.02 0.95 1.56 1.02 1.08 1.02 0.86 0.78 0.75 0.53 0.77 1.02 1.02 0.64 0.78 0.83 0.97 0.99 δCe 1.04 1.01 0.89 0.96 1.03 1.07 1.05 1.02 0.89 1.11 1.05 1.03 1.02 1.03 0.98 1.01 0.93 0.96 Rb 72.0 18.4 10.9 18.6 39.0 39.8 39.5 47.0 84.8 53.50 145.00 17.80 50.80 35.50 52.00 77.00 9.05 6.44 Ba 130.0 64.3 79.8 66.4 83.2 216 58.5 88.3 180.0 180 1 553 188 197 318 218 717 337 205 Th 0.29 0.10 0.36 0.31 0.56 0.70 1.33 0.56 0.56 1.38 1.48 0.52 10.90 2.90 3.09 2.00 1.73 U 0.240 0.065 0.210 0.300 0.810 0.250 0.240 0.800 0.43 0.26 0.41 0.44 2.36 0.49 0.50 0.28 0.49 Ta 0.140 0.890 0.034 0.300 0.390 1.350 0.430 0.200 0.270 0.86 0.67 1.12 0.49 1.39 0.48 1.06 0.29 0.41 Nb 2.85 1.19 0.43 5.03 5.68 17.50 7.72 4.29 4.62 12.90 12.70 19.70 7.45 15.20 11.90 17.20 6.97 7.17 Sr 481 159 163 211 257 118 309 223 137 80.7 488.0 454.0 527.0 142.0 464.0 527.0 784.0 445.0 Zr 37.00 19.90 4.44 44.80 69.60 160.00 105.00 41.90 55.30 44.6 97.1 78.6 39.1 102.0 76.5 136.0 59.7 44.4 Hf 1.01 0.84 0.18 1.42 1.78 4.26 2.75 1.44 1.60 2.02 2.66 2.02 1.42 2.17 2.22 3.73 2.10 1.66 Y 19.00 13.10 6.25 28.50 28.40 71.10 49.90 24.20 42.60 45.8 43.7 25.3 16.7 73.5 25.7 29.9 20.2 16.9 V 427 172 356 523 601 399 374 340 622 260 174 213 223 462 407 506 527 Cr 198.0 328.0 128.0 81.3 27.8 58.8 322.0 337.0 111.0 233.0 485.0 268.0 1 265.0 314.0 191.0 593.0 8.1 Co 55.0 50.6 44.4 48.2 45.4 41.1 39.1 55.5 46.9 36.9 29.2 52.2 31.3 47.5 50.7 63.5 84.4 68.7 Ni 102.0 87.4 153.0 81.9 47.3 40.9 59.4 127.0 138.0 23.9 57.5 267.0 64.6 313.0 80.9 136.0 221.0 77.0 Th/Nb 0.24 0.23 0.07 0.06 0.03 0.09 0.31 0.12 0.04 0.11 0.08 0.07 0.72 0.24 0.18 0.29 0.24 Ti/V 12.78 7.66 25.91 26.93 32.81 30.92 17.33 16.93 22.86 24.01 53.53 25.55 12.39 11.81 35.50 18.70 18.37 注：表中样品编号带“★”引自浙江省地质调查院, 2014, 浙江1:25万衢州市幅区域地质调查(修测)成果报告；样品编号带“☆”陈绍海等(1999). 
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