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    江汉平原东部地区浅层地下水水化学特征

    於昊天 马腾 邓娅敏 杜尧 沈帅 鲁宗杰

    於昊天, 马腾, 邓娅敏, 杜尧, 沈帅, 鲁宗杰, 2017. 江汉平原东部地区浅层地下水水化学特征. 地球科学, 42(5): 685-692. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.056
    引用本文: 於昊天, 马腾, 邓娅敏, 杜尧, 沈帅, 鲁宗杰, 2017. 江汉平原东部地区浅层地下水水化学特征. 地球科学, 42(5): 685-692. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.056
    Yu Haotian, Ma Teng, Deng Yamin, Du Yao, Shen Shuai, Lu Zongjie, 2017. Hydrochemical Characteristics of Shallow Groundwater in Eastern Jianghan Plain. Earth Science, 42(5): 685-692. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.056
    Citation: Yu Haotian, Ma Teng, Deng Yamin, Du Yao, Shen Shuai, Lu Zongjie, 2017. Hydrochemical Characteristics of Shallow Groundwater in Eastern Jianghan Plain. Earth Science, 42(5): 685-692. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.056

    江汉平原东部地区浅层地下水水化学特征

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.056
    基金项目: 

    国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项子课题 No.2012ZX07204-003-04

    国家自然科学基金项目 No.41372252

    中国地质调查局项目 No.12120114069301

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      於昊天(1991-),男,博士,主要从事地下水污染与防治、水文地球化学等方面的科研工作.ORCID:0000-0002-2412-3959.E-mail: tiantian12132@163.com

      通讯作者:

      马腾,ORCID:0000-0003-2827-9579.E-mail: mateng@cug.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P64

    Hydrochemical Characteristics of Shallow Groundwater in Eastern Jianghan Plain

    • 摘要: 浅层地下水是江汉平原东部地区重要的供水水源,但面临着污染及天然水质异常等问题.基于水化学与氢氧同位素结果,并运用数理统计和因子分析等方法,查明了研究区浅层地下水的化学特征、控制过程以及影响因素.结果显示,浅层地下水的化学类型主要为HCO3-Ca型;其中潜水中Ca2+和Mg2+含量与承压水接近,Fe、As和NH4+含量低于承压水,而Cl-、SO42-、Mn和NO3-含量高于承压水.浅层地下水主要为大气降水补给,其中潜水经历了一定程度的蒸发以及与地表水的混合.在影响浅层地下水化学特征的因素中,地质成因在总体上可能起主导作用;人类活动的输入显著地改变着潜水的化学特征,而浅层承压水则主要受径流过程中水-岩相互作用的影响.

       

    • 图  1  研究区在江汉平原位置

      Fig.  1.  Location of the study area in the Jianghan plain

      图  2  江汉平原研究区水文地质剖面

      Fig.  2.  Hydrogeological profile of the study area in the Jianghan plain

      图  3  氢氧同位素特征

      Fig.  3.  Hydrogen and oxygen isotope characteristics

      图  4  研究区内采样点的吉布斯(Gibbs)图

      Fig.  4.  Gibbs figures of the samples in the study area

      图  5  不同土地利用类型下潜水的Piper三线图

      Fig.  5.  The Piper diagram of preatic water in the different landuse types

      图  6  纵向剖面上TDS变化图及与饱和指数SI关系

      Fig.  6.  TDS with the change of SI in the longitudinal section

      表  1  浅层地下水水化学指标的统计结果

      Table  1.   Mathematical statistic results of geochemistry of shallow groundwater

      参数 单位 潜水 浅层承压水 GB5749-2006
      极小值 极大值 均值 变异系数 极小值 极大值 均值 变异系数
      pH 6.14 7.72 6.83 0.04 6.39 7.77 6.91 0.01 6.5~8.5
      TDS mg/L 270.00 1 082.00 578.00 22.00 187.00 877.00 465.00 4.34 1 000
      K+ mg/L 0.47 43.00 5.27 0.88 0.51 14.60 1.73 0.07 -
      Na+ mg/L 4.92 138.60 31.40 3.29 2.12 81.00 19.80 0.47 -
      Ca2+ mg/L 53.90 235.50 146.00 4.45 22.90 205.00 121.00 1.13 -
      Mg2+ mg/L 14.40 60.30 27.30 1.09 7.20 45.30 25.20 0.35 -
      Cl- mg/L 0.29 140.00 30.10 3.93 0.00 293.00 4.57 1.01 250
      SO42- mg/L 0.00 209.00 60.30 6.56 0.00 24.60 1.55 0.18 250
      HCO3- mg/L 206.00 907.00 534.00 16.70 171.00 909.00 582.00 5.37 -
      As μg/L 0.00 52.30 8.20 1.89 0.00 1 015.00 45.70 4.62 10
      Fe mg/L 0.00 11.30 1.16 0.30 0.01 32.20 5.60 0.26 0.3
      Mn mg/L 0.00 6.49 0.93 0.16 0.02 4.55 0.52 0.04 0.1
      NH4+ mg/L 0.01 6.35 0.52 0.18 0.04 19.70 2.59 0.17 0.5
      NO3- mg/L 0.00 298 24.6 6.34 0.00 62.60 0.48 0.21 10
      δD -48.90 -23.50 -34.90 1.67 -54.80 -31.00 -46.50 0.35 -
      δ18O -7.67 -3.22 -5.70 0.28 -8.61 -4.60 -7.34 0.05 -
      总硬度
      (以CaCO3)
      mg/L 195.00 748.00 479.00 14.30 113.00 695.00 408.00 3.70 450
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  旋转成分矩阵

      Table  2.   Rotated component matrix

      指标 潜水 浅层承压水
      F1 F2 F3 F1 F2 F3 F4
      TDS 0.945 -0.121 0.292 0.973 0.095 0.158 0.022
      K+ 0.065 -0.024 0.874 -0.214 0.808 0.075 0.041
      Na+ 0.688 -0.408 0.288 0.305 -0.241 0.779 0.199
      Ca2+ 0.927 0.003 -0.183 0.907 0.151 -0.120 -0.002
      Mg2+ 0.793 0.036 0.359 0.679 -0.132 0.300 -0.229
      Cl- 0.595 -0.577 0.247 -0.089 0.231 0.871 -0.069
      SO42- 0.704 -0.473 0.321 0.043 -0.117 0.086 0.508
      HCO3- 0.828 0.440 -0.127 0.973 0.105 -0.021 0.002
      NH4+ 0.073 0.864 -0.164 0.284 0.797 -0.084 -0.132
      NO3- 0.227 -0.195 0.771 0.048 0.200 -0.032 0.671
      Fe 0.102 0.902 -0.245 0.185 0.864 0.030 -0.007
      Si -0.240 0.732 0.226 0.277 0.133 0.025 -0.758
      方差贡献率(%) 37.657 25.541 16.724 29.330 18.986 12.643 11.656
      累计方差贡献率(%) 37.657 63.198 79.922 29.330 48.316 60.959 72.615
      下载: 导出CSV
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