Paleao-Drainage System and Integrated Paleo-Geomorphology Restoration in Depositional and Erosional Areas:Guantao Formation in East Liaodong Area, Bohai Bay Basin, China
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摘要: 古地貌是控制古水系、沉积体系的关键因素之一.以渤海湾盆地渤中坳陷东部的辽东东地区中新世馆陶组为例，对馆陶组的沉积区和剥蚀区分别开展了基于残余地层厚度法和印模法的古地貌恢复，以增进对研究区古水系、源－汇系统的整体认识，为其物源体系、沉积环境、砂体分布的预测提供科学依据.两种方法的古地貌及古水系恢复结果对比研究表明，基于残余地层厚度法的沉积区古地貌恢复结果适用于目的层沉积区古水系的恢复；而基于印模法的沉积区－剥蚀区一体化的古地貌恢复结果实现了剥蚀区、沉积区古水系的统一解释.沉积区－剥蚀区一体化的古地貌恢复弥补了基于沉积区古地貌的古水系恢复中难以判断"源－汇体系"中源区古水系分布及从源到汇古水系派生关系的局限性.Abstract: Paleo-geomorphology is one of key controls on paleo-drainage and depositional systemson. In order to better understand the paleo-drainage system and Source-to-Sink system to provide scientific evidences for predictions of provenance system, deposition system and sand stone distribution, the paleo-geomorphology of the Guantao Formation in East Liaodong area, East Bozhong depression of Bohai bay basin are reconstructed using two methods in this paper. Comparison of paleo-morphological reconstruction and paleo-drainage interpretation with different methods shows that paleo-morphology restoration of deposition area using residual thickness may be used in understanding of paleo-drainage outlines for deposition area only. However, paleo-geomorphology restoration for depositional area and erosional areas provides a comprehensive paleo-drainage interpretation for depositional and erosional areas taken as a whole. The integrated paleo-morphology restoration can facilitate the prediction of paleo-drainage distribution in source area of "Source-to-Sink system", and establishment of relationship of paleo-drainage systems from source area to sink area.
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图 2 辽东东地区地层综合柱状图及层序地层划分方案
Fig. 2. Comprehensive stratigraphic column and sequence division of the east of Liaodong area
图 3 研究区及外围地区古近系与新近系地层解释剖面
a.CR08测线地层解释结果；b.L03A测线地层解释结果.剖面位置详见图 1
Fig. 3. Paleogene and Neogene stratigraphic profiles in study area and surrounding regions
图 4 研究区新生代地层发育样式及平面分区
Fig. 4. Stratigraphic development pattern and planar division of Paleogene and Neogene in study area
图 5 馆下段沉积区残余地层厚度等值线图(a)及古地貌恢复结果(b)
图a中地层厚度数据来自图 4中H1
Fig. 5. Contour map of thickness of the upper member of Guantao Formation in deposition area (a) and corresponding paloe-geomorphological map (b)
图 6 馆上段沉积区基于残余地层的古地貌与古水系恢复结果
地层厚度数据来自图 4中H2
Fig. 6. Paleo-geomorphology and paleo-drainage system reconstructed by residued thickness of the upper member of Guantao Formation in deposition area
图 7 基于印模法的馆下段沉积区－剥蚀区上覆地层厚度等值线图(a)及基于印模法的馆下段沉积区－剥蚀区一体化三级古地貌恢复结果(山地剥蚀区、山前剥蚀区和洼地沉积区)及古水系解释(b)
地层厚度数据来自图 4中H3
Fig. 7. Contour map of thickness of overlying stratigraphy of deposition and erosion areas using impression method (a) and three-grade geomorphologic and paleo-drainage-system integrated restoration for deposition and erosion areas of the lower member of Guantao Formation using impression method (b)
图 8 基于印模法的馆上段沉积区－剥蚀区上覆地层厚度等值线图(a)及古地貌恢复与古水系解释(b)
地层厚度数据来自图 4中H4
Fig. 8. Contour map of thickness of overlying stratigraphy using impression method (a) and responding paleo-geomorphology and paleo-drainage interpretation (b)
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