Chronology and Tectonic Implications of Neoproterozoic Volcanics from Chiniot Deposit, Pakistan
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摘要: 罗迪尼亚超大陆的裂解及与之相关的吉尼奥德玢岩型铁矿的形成是目前研究的热点,对安山岩锆石进行了U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素和微量元素分析.所有锆石都属岩浆成因,具有一致的稀土配分型式以及明显的Ce正异常、Eu负异常和重稀土元素富集特征.锆石年龄主要分为两组,分别为947.8±4.0 Ma和883.0±5.1 Ma,代表两期安山岩的成岩年龄,指示安山岩为两期岩浆活动的混合产物;此外,捕获的基底锆石年龄为1 523.0±66 Ma,属于中元古代.εHf(t)值变化范围较大(-4.67~+13.10),指示其为壳幔物质混合的产物.安山岩产生于罗迪尼亚超大陆时期,是由高温幔源岩浆通过底侵作用,使得中元古代花岗质岩石组成的下地壳发生熔融,壳幔熔体混合形成的,与伸展裂谷有关的构造热事件及地幔柱的活动有着密切关系.吉尼奥德铁矿与凯特里铜矿在成矿地质背景方面具有诸多相似性,暗示其有大型IOCG型矿床的成矿潜力.在960~880 Ma期间,印度板块西北部与华北-刚果-圣弗朗西斯科板块可能连接在一起.Abstract: This is a hotpoint that the study the breakup of Rodinia supercontinent and the formation of Chiniot iron oxide-apatite deposit, we report zircon U-Pb ages, Hf isotopic composition and REE contents of andesite. All the zircons are magmatic origin with the similar REE patterns which are enriched in HREE with a positive Ce anomaly and a negative Eu anomaly. The zircon U-Pb isotopic analyses yields 206Pb/238U ages of 947.8±4.0 Ma and 883.0±5.1 Ma, which can be interpreted as the crystallization ages of two stages of andesites. Besides, the inherited zircons with U-Pb age of 1 523.0±66 Ma may indicate a Mesoproterozoic basement. The igneous zircons have highly variable εHf(t) values ranging from -4.67 to +13.10, indicating that the andesites were derived from partial melting of a mixed mantle sourse. The geochemical and isotopic variation suggest that mantle-derived basic magmas have went through some degree of crustal commination during migration through Mesoproterozoic granitoids. The formation of the andesites were induced by a series of tectono-thermal events, associated with extensional rift and mantle plume during Rodinia supercontinent. There are many similarities between Chiniotiron deposit and Khetri Copper Belt in geological setting of ore-forming processes, indicating that the metallogenetic potentiality of giant IOCG is very well. The northwest of Indian craton may have connection with North China-Congo-São Francisco craton between 960 Ma and 880 Ma.
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Key words:
- Pakistan /
- andesite /
- mantle-derived /
- extensional rift /
- Rodinia supercontinent /
- geochronology /
- petrology
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图 6 吉尼奥德安山岩中锆石稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图
Fig. 6. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of zircons from Chiniot andesite
图 7 吉尼奥德安山岩锆石(Sm/La)N vs. La判别图解
灰色区域:Boggy Plainzoned pluton的岩浆和热液锆石分布范围(Hoskin,2005); 据Kirkland et al.(2009)修改
Fig. 7. Discrimination plots of chondrite-normalized Sm/La ratio vs. La of Chiniot andesite zircons
表 1 吉尼奥德安山岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学测试结果
Table 1. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic compositions of zircons for Chiniot andesite
测点号 含量(10-6) Th/U 同位素比值 年龄(Ma) 谐和度 232Th 238U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 16PA-01 435 464 0.94 0.070 4 0.002 1 1.558 2 0.046 8 0.157 8 0.001 9 938.9 59.3 953.8 18.6 944.4 10.7 99% 16PA-02 272 339 0.80 0.072 0 0.002 4 1.578 9 0.048 6 0.157 8 0.002 2 987.0 66.7 962.0 19.2 944.3 12.2 98% 16PA-03 159 173 0.92 0.073 7 0.003 1 1.646 6 0.071 4 0.162 2 0.002 7 1 031.5 87.0 988.3 27.4 968.8 15.0 98% 16PA-04 519 525 0.99 0.070 2 0.002 4 1.549 2 0.050 9 0.157 6 0.002 1 1 000.0 73.2 950.2 20.3 943.7 11.4 99% 16PA-05 45 57 0.79 0.068 2 0.005 9 1.600 4 0.106 3 0.159 2 0.004 6 873.8 179.6 970.4 41.5 952.2 25.8 98% 16PA-06 198 342 0.58 0.068 3 0.002 8 1.493 3 0.056 9 0.157 7 0.002 3 875.9 87.0 927.7 23.2 943.8 13.0 98% 16PA-07 1160 583 1.99 0.066 6 0.002 1 1.466 5 0.044 7 0.157 7 0.002 1 833.3 61.0 916.7 18.4 943.8 11.9 97% 16PA-08 133 595 0.22 0.067 1 0.002 9 1.554 5 0.055 7 0.162 4 0.002 6 842.6 88.9 952.3 22.2 970.3 14.5 98% 16PA-10 186 757 0.25 0.069 4 0.002 5 1.530 9 0.054 1 0.157 8 0.001 8 922.2 73.3 942.8 21.7 944.4 9.9 99% 16PA-11 153 245 0.63 0.094 1 0.003 8 3.620 4 0.135 0 0.275 0 0.005 1 1 510.8 75.9 1 554.0 29.7 1 566.0 25.7 99% 16PA-12 413 458 0.90 0.069 0 0.002 7 1.523 7 0.077 2 0.157 7 0.003 1 898.2 86.1 940.0 31.1 944.2 17.2 99% 16PA-13 357 461 0.78 0.067 7 0.002 2 1.381 4 0.048 3 0.146 8 0.002 2 861.1 68.5 881.0 20.6 882.9 12.5 99% 16PA-15 232 534 0.44 0.067 1 0.002 1 1.363 0 0.043 7 0.146 5 0.002 1 838.9 66.7 873.1 18.8 881.3 12.1 99% 16PA-16 376 289 1.30 0.094 8 0.002 6 3.559 8 0.100 8 0.271 7 0.003 8 1 524.1 51.9 1 540.6 22.5 1 549.7 19.4 99% 16PA-17 306 468 0.65 0.070 1 0.002 2 1.420 6 0.046 8 0.146 3 0.002 3 931.5 64.8 897.6 19.7 880.3 13.0 98% 16PA-18 460 535 0.86 0.069 4 0.001 7 1.408 9 0.035 0 0.147 1 0.002 0 909.3 51.9 892.7 14.8 884.7 11.2 99% 16PA-19 335 385 0.87 0.069 0 0.002 2 1.400 6 0.042 0 0.146 7 0.001 8 898.2 64.0 889.2 17.8 882.7 9.9 99% 16PA-20 277 317 0.87 0.095 0 0.002 7 3.481 1 0.094 0 0.265 3 0.003 7 1 528.7 53.7 1522.9 21.3 1516.9 18.9 99% 表 2 吉尼奥德安山岩锆石稀土元素分析结果(10-6)
Table 2. Rare earth element (10-6) data of zircons for Chiniot andesite
测点号 La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu δEu δCe ∑REE LREE/HREE 16PA-01 0.06 15.25 0.45 11.54 16.91 3.23 118.06 38.93 475.33 179.74 759.92 153.49 1 389.16 232.20 0.162 9.96 3 394.26 0.014 16PA-02 0.31 15.51 0.41 5.32 11.79 2.03 68.36 23.72 295.59 112.68 482.85 101.98 933.16 159.14 0.171 8.98 2 212.86 0.016 16PA-03 0.71 25.53 0.33 6.29 10.48 2.32 64.54 21.38 272.11 104.13 463.67 101.93 994.03 187.42 0.209 12.84 2 254.86 0.021 16PA-04 0.90 24.13 0.76 12.50 24.13 2.85 139.48 45.73 572.62 212.61 899.18 182.75 1 581.89 273.34 0.118 6.71 3 972.87 0.017 16PA-05 0.29 32.48 0.06 0.79 4.68 1.80 20.23 6.48 79.61 28.76 137.65 34.83 358.46 73.96 0.482 56.22 780.08 0.054 16PA-06 0.01 12.49 0.07 2.71 3.32 1.40 16.97 6.70 92.75 41.94 238.14 67.16 815.94 188.11 0.463 50.18 1 487.70 0.014 16PA-07 0.27 105.00 1.36 20.47 30.08 7.76 143.59 44.17 515.59 187.53 817.33 176.16 1 648.31 297.43 0.299 22.19 3 995.07 0.043 16PA-08 0.03 3.07 0.21 2.94 7.55 0.44 71.06 25.78 314.13 114.45 486.21 100.27 918.33 155.39 0.038 4.34 2 199.86 0.007 16PA-10 0.24 8.04 0.34 2.74 11.03 1.65 92.97 38.81 510.64 175.96 721.34 148.77 1 323.80 227.57 0.109 5.78 3 263.90 0.007 16PA-11 0.13 23.19 0.27 4.56 11.63 1.55 78.58 24.43 311.12 120.59 529.44 114.26 1 039.62 185.62 0.117 22.07 2 445.00 0.017 16PA-12 2.21 74.69 2.26 13.05 10.52 3.66 45.50 17.28 213.17 85.31 446.10 113.93 1 274.24 267.31 0.435 7.37 2 569.23 0.043 16PA-13 0.24 20.15 0.27 3.41 9.77 1.21 57.55 21.39 286.23 108.49 485.47 103.23 968.87 171.14 0.121 17.19 2 237.43 0.016 16PA-15 0.36 8.92 0.77 6.32 13.95 2.53 47.38 12.69 114.42 36.67 152.60 33.66 381.21 73.90 0.271 3.03 885.39 0.039 16PA-16 0.96 138.69 0.47 5.92 11.60 1.75 59.34 22.46 286.47 113.28 523.86 118.96 1 174.24 205.44 0.166 50.15 2 663.46 0.064 16PA-17 0.76 16.80 0.96 11.65 16.49 2.24 92.55 38.05 458.43 173.49 785.64 171.08 1 613.61 272.53 0.138 4.12 3 654.29 0.014 16PA-18 0.14 19.75 0.34 9.04 21.23 2.28 124.82 44.49 531.59 200.99 877.82 190.20 1 731.93 290.67 0.105 15.30 4 045.29 0.013 16PA-19 1.30 16.90 0.70 7.86 13.24 2.27 85.81 27.12 338.57 127.22 552.66 113.93 1 062.94 177.21 0.155 4.30 2 527.73 0.017 16PA-20 0.11 57.14 0.73 11.93 23.68 4.02 116.90 36.54 437.20 166.56 729.25 159.37 1 527.51 262.17 0.192 23.05 3 533.10 0.028 表 3 吉尼奥德安山岩锆石Lu-Hf同位素组成
Table 3. Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic compositions for the Chiniot andesite
测点号 年龄(Ma) 176Yb/177Hf 176Lu/177Hf 176Hf/177Hf 1σ εHf(0) εHf(t) tDM1(Ma) tDM2(Ma) fLu/Hf 16PA-01 948 0.039 999 0.001 5 0.282 193 0.000 017 -20.5 -0.47 1 513 1 726 -0.95 16PA-02 948 0.028 189 0.001 1 0.282 169 0.000 014 -21.3 -1.04 1 529 1 757 -0.97 16PA-03 948 0.018 261 0.000 7 0.281 689 0.000 018 -38.3 -17.80 2 171 2 670 -0.98 16PA-04 948 0.032 286 0.001 4 0.282 473 0.000 016 -10.6 9.50 1 114 1 178 -0.96 16PA-05 948 0.030 862 0.001 1 0.282 138 0.000 014 -22.4 -2.19 1 575 1 820 -0.97 16PA-06 948 0.004 009 0.000 1 0.282 354 0.000 017 -14.8 6.10 1 240 1 365 -1.00 16PA-07 948 0.008 419 0.000 4 0.282 531 0.000 017 -8.5 12.22 1 003 1 027 -0.99 16PA-08 948 0.016 916 0.000 8 0.282 457 0.000 016 -11.1 9.34 1 118 1 186 -0.98 16PA-09 1523 0.034 658 0.001 3 0.281 955 0.000 016 -28.9 4.02 1 837 1 952 -0.96 16PA-10 883 0.030 309 0.001 1 0.282 179 0.000 015 -21.0 -2.12 1 517 1 765 -0.97 16PA-11 883 0.040 152 0.001 6 0.282 337 0.000 018 -15.4 3.23 1 311 1 471 -0.95 16PA-12 883 0.006 677 0.000 3 0.282 318 0.000 012 -16.0 3.31 1 294 1 467 -0.99 16PA-13 883 0.040 720 0.001 6 0.282 114 0.000 016 -23.3 -4.67 1 626 1 904 -0.95 16PA-14 1523 0.040 086 0.001 6 0.282 051 0.000 019 -25.5 7.12 1 717 1 783 -0.95 16PA-15 883 0.025 434 0.001 0 0.282 190 0.000 016 -20.6 -1.64 1 496 1 739 -0.97 16PA-16 948 0.026 902 0.001 1 0.281 739 0.000 014 -36.5 -16.27 2 125 2 587 -0.97 16PA-17 948 0.025 834 0.001 1 0.282 569 0.000 014 -7.2 13.10 970 978 -0.97 16PA-18 948 0.039 073 0.001 5 0.282 211 0.000 013 -19.8 0.21 1 486 1 688 -0.96 16PA-19 948 0.025 073 0.001 0 0.282 416 0.000 012 -12.6 7.75 1 181 1 274 -0.97 16PA-20 948 0.016 708 0.000 6 0.282 163 0.000 013 -21.5 -1.00 1 521 1 755 -0.98 -
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