琼东南盆地西区梅山组海底扇岩相-地球化学特征及源区意义

尤丽; 刘才; 钟佳; 李才; 吴仕玖; 代龙

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2017.503

琼东南盆地西区梅山组海底扇岩相-地球化学特征及源区意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.503

尤丽^1,2,,
刘才²,
钟佳²,
李才²,
吴仕玖²,
代龙²

1.
吉林大学地球科学学院, 吉林长春 130061
2.
中海石油有限公司湛江分公司, 广东湛江 524057

基金项目:

十三五国家重大专项 2016ZX05026-002

中海石油有限公司湛江分公司自有科研项目 ZYKY-2016-ZJ-02

详细信息

作者简介:
尤丽(1983-), 女, 高级工程师, 主要从事沉积学与储层地质学研究

中图分类号: P595
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-12-03
- 刊出日期: 2017-09-15

Petrography-Geochemistry and Source Significance of Submarine Fan from West Area of Qiongdongnan Basin

You Li^{1,2
,},
Liu Cai²,
Zhong Jia²,
Li Cai²,
Wu Shijiu²,
Dai Long²

1.
College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
2.
Zhanjiang Branch of, CNOOC Ltd., Zhanjiang 524057, China

摘要

摘要: 南海北部琼东南盆地西区乐东-陵水凹陷梅山组海底扇是当前天然气勘探重点领域，通过研究其岩石类型、轻/重矿物与地球化学特征，判断沉积源区性质，为储层评价及预测提供地质基础.结果表明：岩性以细砂岩为主，发育粉、中-粗砂岩，岩石类型为石英砂岩、岩屑石英砂岩、长石岩屑砂岩，重矿物组合表现为磁铁矿+锆石+电气石+白钛矿；由于发育高铁镁质矿物及粘土矿物，泥岩较砂岩SiO₂含量明显低，Fe₂O₃、MgO、CaO、K₂O含量与稀土总量偏高.说明源区富石英、贫钾长石且含有大量粘土矿物，主要为石英质沉积源区，局部为中性火成岩源区，且经历了低-中等程度的风化作用，是再循环沉积而成.
- 琼东南盆地西区 /
- 乐东-陵水凹陷 /
- 梅山组 /
- 海底扇 /
- 岩石学 /
- 地球化学
Abstract: The submarine fans, which exist in the west area of Qiongdongnan basin of continental shelf in northern of the South China Sea, are the main area of gas exploration. Based on the analyses of the rock types, light and heavy mineral characteristics and geochemical characteristics, the research on estimating those fans provenances is more practical to the reservoir evaluation and prediction of the petroleum exploration. The study shows that the lithology is composed mainly of fine sandstones with minor amounts of siltstone, medium and coarse sandstones; the rock types are quartz sandstone, debris-quartz sandstone and feldspar-debris sandstone; the heavy mineral assemblages are magnetite, zircon, tourmaline and leucoxene. Compared with sandstone, the content of SiO₂ in the mudstone is lower, while the total content of the rare earth elements is obviously higher because of the high ferromagnesian and clay mineral in mudstone samples. It is implied that the source material were rich in quartz, poor in feldspar and containing a large number of clay minerals, mainly quartz sediment and partial intermediate igneous rocks, mainly recycled sediments, whose source regions have experienced low to moderate weathering.
- west area of Qiongdongnan basin /
- Ledong-Lingshui sag /
- Meishan Formation /
- submarine fan /
- petrology /
- geochemistry

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图 1 研究区构造位置与井点示意

Fig. 1. Location of studied area and wells

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图 2 琼东南盆地乐东-陵水凹陷梅山组海底扇砂岩岩石类型

Fig. 2. Sandstone composition classification of submarine fans in Meishan Formation, Ledong-Lingshui sag, Qiongdongnan basin

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图 3 琼东南盆地乐东-陵水凹陷梅山组储集岩岩石类型显微照片

a.S-1，3 628 m，石英极细砂岩，壁心(-)；b.SW-2，3 837 m，岩屑石英细砂岩，壁心(+)；c.S-2，3 795.14 m，岩屑石英细砂岩，岩心(+)；d.S-2，3 796.58 m，长石岩屑细砂岩，岩心(+)；e.C-1，3 976 m，岩屑中砂岩，壁心(+)；f.C-1，4 002 m，岩屑石英细砂岩，壁心(+)

Fig. 3. Micro-images of reservoir rocks in Meishan Formation, Ledong-Lingshui sag, Qiongdongnan basin

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图 4 琼东南盆地乐东-陵水凹陷梅山组储层重矿物及母岩类型分布

图中数字标注代表各重矿物相对百分含量，单位为%；ZTR代表重矿物成分成熟度指数，是钻石、电气石及金红石的和

Fig. 4. Mother rock type and heavy mineral resultant of Meishan Formation, Ledong-Lingshui sag

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图 5 琼东南盆地乐东-陵水凹陷海底扇稀土元素分布

a.砂、泥岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布模式；b.砂、泥岩(La/Yb)_N与σEu关系

Fig. 5. The REE distribution of submarine fans in Meishan Formation, Ledong-Lingshui sag, Qiongdongnan basin

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图 6 琼东南盆地乐东-陵水凹陷梅山组海底扇沉积母岩性质判别

a.主量元素石英富集程度判别图(Crook在1974年提出(肖斌，2014))；b.F₁、F₂函数判别图(Roser and Korsch在1988年提出(Srivastava et al., 2013；Perri，2014))；c.La/Yb与∑REE判别图.A.沉积岩; B.大洋拉斑玄武岩; C.玄武岩区域; D.大陆拉斑玄武岩; E.碱性玄武岩; F.花岗岩; G.金伯利岩; H.碳酸盐岩区

Fig. 6. Discrimination for provenance of submarine fans in Meishan Formation, Ledong-Lingshui sag, Qiongdongnan basin

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表 1 琼东南盆地乐东-陵水凹陷梅山组海底扇砂、泥岩样品主量(%)、微量/稀土元素(10^-6)分析结果

Table 1. Major (%), trace/rare (10^-6) element analysis of sandstone and mudstone samples of submarine fans from Meishan Formation in Ledong-Lingshui sag of Qiongdongnan basin

样号	MS1	MS2	MS3	MS4	MS5	MS6	MS7	SS1	SS3	SS4	SS5	SS6	SS7	SS8	SS9	SS2
SiO₂	63.90	58.44	67.32	51.13	47.76	45.01	45.91	80.47	88.40	57.05	65.64	69.59	76.21	76.34	76.54	54.08
TiO₂	0.93	0.59	0.66	0.62	0.60	0.55	0.58	0.39	0.14	0.60	0.41	0.39	0.39	0.37	0.37	0.26
Al₂O₃	15.02	7.61	10.53	11.69	13.71	12.37	10.86	6.95	5.90	10.74	7.36	6.32	6.49	6.07	6.15	5.20
Fe₂O₃	5.75	4.24	6.73	5.09	4.16	4.00	4.40	3.80	0.86	5.33	3.80	4.03	3.24	2.99	3.48	4.00
MnO	0.024	0.030	0.080	0.102	0.074	0.043	0.120	0.023	0.001	0.087	0.087	0.076	0.075	0.061	0.061	0.063
MgO	1.78	0.50	1.58	1.84	1.61	1.78	3.96	0.89	0.06	1.58	1.13	0.10	1.04	1.00	0.98	0.81
CaO	1.56	14.70	1.93	4.36	9.08	10.92	9.66	0.85	0.10	4.45	3.34	1.78	1.71	2.28	1.55	17.02
Na₂O	0.94	0.16	0.97	0.90	1.72	1.91	1.34	1.09	0.19	1.03	1.21	1.04	0.92	0.91	0.92	0.76
K₂O	3.51	2.38	2.46	3.38	3.11	3.46	3.38	1.98	2.3	3.06	2.32	1.79	2.04	1.98	2.07	1.56
LOI	6.26	11.00	7.36	12.20	16.94	18.64	18.48	3.25	1.68	11.56	9.43	6.99	6.64	6.84	6.42	16.01
SiO₂/Al₂O₃	4.3	7.7	6.4	4.4	3.5	3.6	4.2	11.6	15.0	5.3	8.9	11.0	11.7	12.6	12.4	10.4
K₂O/Na₂O	3.7	14.9	2.5	3.8	1.8	1.8	2.5	1.8	12.1	3.0	1.9	1.7	2.2	2.2	2.3	2.1
Al₂O₃/TiO₂	16.2	12.9	16.0	19.0	22.9	22.5	18.7	17.8	42.1	17.9	17.9	16.2	16.6	16.4	16.6	20.0
K₂O/Al₂O₃	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
CIA	71.4	30.6	66.3	57.5	49.6	43.2	43.0	63.9	69.5	55.7	51.7	57.8	58.2	54.0	57.5	21.2
CIW	85.7	33.9	78.4	69.0	55.9	49.1	49.7	78.2	95.3	66.2	61.8	69.2	71.2	65.6	71.3	22.6
ICV	1.0	3.0	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.8	2.2	1.3	0.6	1.5	1.7	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.5	4.7
微量/稀土元素
Sc	12.90	5.76	8.94	11.97	12.80	11.80	10.50	5.77	1.29	10.29	6.45	5.95	5.29	4.89	4.59	5.68
V	121.0	40.2	89.4	83.5	96.3	86.3	75.7	64.2	15.7	72.3	48.9	49.5	44.6	41.6	41.6	46.3
Cr	91.4	41.0	71.4	80.1	64.7	62.1	54.8	60.7	13.2	160.4	85.2	47.3	37.9	38.9	38.3	43.9
Co	15.00	5.56	6.26	11.39	10.90	10.10	9.66	6.39	1.49	11.07	7.01	7.76	6.25	6.58	5.58	4.91
Ni	34.0	11.0	14.8	30.4	34.6	36.5	31.1	12.4	4.8	29.5	14.9	14.2	16.3	14.6	15.2	8.5
Cu	17.30	8.65	9.83	36.40	38.60	34.20	27.70	7.25	10.40	23.03	12.39	17.77	7.53	6.00	6.07	3.80
Zn	114.0	56.2	74.8	205.4	118.0	79.0	97.5	62.1	19.2	125.9	88.0	188.4	54.9	52.6	48.6	47.4
Sr	140	332	222	1 213	454	537	363	69	143	586	427	440	217	238	314	161
Y	20.4	18.4	18.4	16.9	19.6	19.0	18.3	18.3	6.1	16.5	12.3	18.3	13.1	13.4	12.3	26.6
Zr	370	128	154	146	153	132	133	181	16	125	94	994	884	79	77	85
Nb	22.6	11.4	16.4	15.2	12.6	10.5	9.6	9.7	1.8	18.5	12.6	13.5	10.7	9.6	6.6	3.4
Ba	514	338	659	53 013	8 408	8 715	9 111	421	1 182	18 630	14 526	24 760	8 132	7 480	9 671	228
Th	20.80	13.90	14.20	13.79	13.30	11.60	11.00	12.60	3.44	13.65	11.52	10.94	9.00	8.58	8.07	8.44
U	4.96	2.54	1.95	2.11	2.63	2.47	2.00	1.66	0.63	2.02	1.37	1.31	1.16	1.24	1.08	1.09
Pb	32.5	26.5	24.3	195.7	34.9	36.1	30.0	17.2	37.0	121.2	103.4	138.8	22.6	20.4	20.6	9.1
Sr/Ba	0.27	0.98	0.34	0.02	0.05	0.06	0.04	0.16	0.12	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.71
Th/U	4.19	5.47	7.28	6.53	5.06	4.70	5.50	7.59	5.46	6.74	8.39	8.33	7.76	6.92	7.47	7.74
Th/Sc	1.61	2.41	1.59	1.15	1.04	0.98	1.05	2.18	2.67	1.33	1.79	1.84	1.70	1.75	1.76	1.49
La/V	0.53	0.89	0.41	0.39	0.36	0.35	0.41	0.44	0.71	0.45	0.57	0.57	0.63	0.68	0.67	0.58
La	64.2	35.8	36.4	32.5	34.9	30.5	30.8	28.2	11.2	32.6	28.0	28.0	28.2	28.4	27.8	27.0
Ce	120.0	70.8	74.2	62.6	65.4	57.2	57.4	57.6	20.3	65.0	58.2	59.5	56.2	57.0	54.5	55.1
Pr	13.50	8.24	8.00	7.26	7.69	6.85	6.63	6.58	2.39	7.53	6.71	6.73	6.27	6.34	6.09	6.23
Nd	47.4	30.8	30.4	25.5	28.6	25.4	24.7	25.1	8.6	28.6	25.1	23.4	23.8	24.0	23.1	24.2
Sm	7.58	5.51	6.05	5.02	5.32	4.72	4.61	5.03	1.54	5.43	4.70	4.75	4.50	4.58	4.43	5.12
Eu	1.17	0.90	1.19	13.26	2.06	2.00	1.97	0.97	0.52	4.76	4.07	6.53	1.76	1.70	1.93	1.08
Gd	4.93	4.47	5.30	3.99	5.22	4.72	4.90	4.49	1.22	4.24	3.87	3.92	4.31	4.38	4.13	5.26
Tb	0.77	0.70	0.78	0.63	0.70	0.61	0.64	0.69	0.20	0.66	0.68	0.79	0.54	0.58	0.55	0.84
Dy	4.14	3.66	3.94	3.27	3.84	3.47	3.54	3.71	1.09	4.15	2.94	3.09	2.79	2.86	2.67	4.78
Ho	0.80	0.69	0.72	0.68	0.74	0.70	0.69	0.70	0.21	0.69	0.55	0.62	0.51	0.52	0.48	0.90
Er	2.34	1.87	1.90	1.91	2.05	1.92	1.90	1.85	0.54	1.84	1.36	1.54	1.33	1.38	1.26	2.41
Tm	0.43	0.31	0.32	0.31	0.36	0.34	0.34	0.32	0.05	0.28	0.19	0.23	0.22	0.22	0.21	0.38
Yb	2.65	1.86	1.91	2.29	2.40	2.25	2.20	1.83	0.54	2.03	1.56	1.75	1.56	1.60	1.54	2.12
Lu	0.48	0.30	0.31	0.52	0.48	0.46	0.46	0.30	0.06	0.36	0.24	0.33	0.32	0.31	0.33	0.33
∑REE	270.4	165.9	171.4	159.8	159.8	141.1	140.8	137.4	48.4	158.2	138.3	141.1	132.3	133.9	129.0	135.8
LREE/HREE	15.3	11.0	10.3	10.8	9.1	8.8	8.6	8.9	11.4	10.1	11.1	10.5	10.4	10.3	10.6	7.0
δEu	0.19	0.18	0.21	2.94	0.39	0.42	0.41	0.20	0.38	0.98	0.95	1.51	0.40	0.38	0.45	0.21
(La/Yb)_N	24.23	19.25	19.06	14.18	14.54	13.56	14.00	15.41	20.74	16.12	17.97	16.03	18.08	17.75	18.05	12.74
注：CIW=Al₂O₃/(Al₂O₃+CaO+Na₂O)，CIA=Al₂O₃/(Al₂O₃+CaO+Na₂O+K₂O)，ICV(CaO+Fe₂O₃+K₂O+MgO+MnO+Na₂O+TiO₂)/SiO₂，δEu=2Eu_N/(Sm_N×Gd_N)，下标N为球粒陨石标准化值(Wakita et al., 1971).MS1.泥岩, S-2井3 802.06 m深度处的岩心；MS2.泥岩，C-1井3 947.00 m深度处的壁心；MS3.泥岩, C-1井深度4 045.00 m深度处的壁心；MS4.泥岩，B-2井4 840.22 m深度处的岩屑；MS5.泥岩，W-1井4 358.00 m深度处的岩屑；MS6.泥岩，W-1井4 370.00 m深度处的岩屑；MS7.泥岩，W-1井4 392.00 m深度处的岩屑；SS1.极细砂岩，S-2井3 796.68 m深度处的岩心；SS3.中-粗砂岩，C-1井3 965.00 m深度处的壁心；SS4.砂砾岩，B-2井4 846.32 m深度处的岩屑；SS5.细砂岩，B-2井4 904.23 m深度处的岩屑；SS6.细砂岩，B-2井5 047.49 m深度处的岩屑；SS7.细砂岩，W-1井4 400.00 m深度处的岩屑；SS8.细砂岩，W-1井4 412.00 m深度处的岩屑；SS9.细砂岩，W-1井4 430.00 m深度处的岩屑；SS2.钙质砂岩，S-2井3 800.13 m深度处的岩心.

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