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    高速远程滑坡运动堆积过程中的能量传递机制

    葛云峰 周婷 霍少磊 夏丁 胡勇 钟鹏 张莉

    葛云峰, 周婷, 霍少磊, 夏丁, 胡勇, 钟鹏, 张莉, 2019. 高速远程滑坡运动堆积过程中的能量传递机制. 地球科学, 44(11): 3939-3949. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.589
    引用本文: 葛云峰, 周婷, 霍少磊, 夏丁, 胡勇, 钟鹏, 张莉, 2019. 高速远程滑坡运动堆积过程中的能量传递机制. 地球科学, 44(11): 3939-3949. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.589
    Ge Yunfeng, Zhou Ting, Huo Shaolei, Xia Ding, Hu Yong, Zhong Peng, Zhang Li, 2019. Energy Transfer Mechanism during Movement and Accumulation of Rockslide Avalanche. Earth Science, 44(11): 3939-3949. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.589
    Citation: Ge Yunfeng, Zhou Ting, Huo Shaolei, Xia Ding, Hu Yong, Zhong Peng, Zhang Li, 2019. Energy Transfer Mechanism during Movement and Accumulation of Rockslide Avalanche. Earth Science, 44(11): 3939-3949. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.589

    高速远程滑坡运动堆积过程中的能量传递机制

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.589
    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目 41602316

    中国地质大学(武汉)英才工程人才培养计划项目 20161215

    岩土钻掘与防护教育部工程研究中心开放研究基金项目 201502

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      葛云峰(1985—), 男, 副教授, 博士, 从事工程地质研究及相关教学工作, 主要从事高速远程滑坡演化机理、岩体结构面粗糙度评价、地质工程与岩土工程数值模拟等研究

      通讯作者:

      周婷

    • 中图分类号: P642

    Energy Transfer Mechanism during Movement and Accumulation of Rockslide Avalanche

    • 摘要: 高速远程滑坡往往引发灾难性事故,开展运动堆积过程定量研究,对于探究滑坡发生机理及预测致灾范围具有重要意义.基于室内物理模型试验,通过PIV技术分析高速摄像机在试验过程中拍摄的照片,获取了运动过程中滑体颗粒的水平速度、竖直速度与位移等运动参数.从滑体颗粒群和不同位置处单体颗粒角度,分析高速远程滑坡的运动演化规律.结果显示:(1)滑体颗粒前端出现高速区,该高速区随着滑坡停止具有一定的保持性.颗粒间存在明显的碰撞现象;(2)从不同位置单体颗粒来看,前部颗粒位移量最大,速度波动频繁,碰撞频次最高,能量多次补充;中部颗粒位移量其次,速度有波动过程,但不及前部频繁;后部颗粒位移量最小,速度基本呈递降趋势,能量逐渐减小.结合重庆鸡尾山滑坡以及Black Rapids Glacier滑坡实例分析,揭示了高速远程滑坡运动堆积过程中滑体颗粒间存在碰撞及能量传递现象,从而进一步探究高速远程滑坡形成机制,在监测预防、灾害治理等方面具有现实指导意义.

       

    • 图  1  滑体颗粒碰撞过程示意

      Fig.  1.  The collision process of landslip particles

      图  2  滑块碰撞过程运动曲线

      Fig.  2.  The movement curves of sliding block collision

      图  3  滑坡模型实验示意

      Dufresne(2009)

      Fig.  3.  The diagrammatic sketch of physical model experiment of rock avalanche

      图  4  图像互相关匹配

      Thielicke and Stamhuis(2014)

      Fig.  4.  Pattern cross correlation matching

      图  5  滑体前端速度较大且随滑坡停止保持高速

      Fig.  5.  The front particles own high speed and keep it at the end of landslide

      图  6  颗粒速度散点图

      Fig.  6.  The scatter plot of particle velocity

      图  7  颗粒速度反向与滑体前端方向散射现象

      Fig.  7.  Some particles showing reverse directions and the front particle scatter

      图  8  颗粒不同位置示意

      Fig.  8.  The different positions of the particles investigated

      图  9  不同位置颗粒水平方向运动图

      Fig.  9.  Horizontal movement of particles in different positions

      图  10  不同位置颗粒竖直方向运动图

      Fig.  10.  Vertical movement of particles in different positions

      图  11  不同位置颗粒能量变化

      Fig.  11.  The energy changes of particles in different positions

      图  12  堆积区中最大的块石

      Fig.  12.  The largest rock block located in the deposit area of landslide

      图  13  滑坡堆积体块石分布

      邹宗兴(2014);单位为m3

      Fig.  13.  The distribution of accumulation body stone in avalanche

      图  14  滑坡堆积区航拍图

      来源于重庆市土地勘测规划院、中国测绘科学研究院

      Fig.  14.  The aerial image of deposit region of landslide

      图  15  Black Rapids Glacier滑坡中的陡坎现象

      Hewitt et al.(2008)

      Fig.  15.  The scarps in the Black Rapids Glacier avalanche

      图  16  鸡尾山滑体位置次序保持现象

      Fig.  16.  The phenomenon of landslide position order retention in Jiweishan

      表  1  前部1号颗粒运动参数

      Table  1.   The movement parameters of the first particle in the front position

      u(m/s) v(m/s) x(m) y(m) Ek(J)
      0.231 0.146 0.084 0.128 0.037
      0.144 -0.022 0.119 0.133 0.011
      -0.387 -0.010 0.154 0.126 0.075
      -0.008 0.484 0.189 0.119 0.117
      -0.377 0.070 0.217 0.112 0.074
      -2.026 0.797 0.252 0.112 2.370
      3.243 -0.313 0.280 0.119 5.306
      1.074 0.129 0.314 0.128 0.585
      2.144 1.295 0.314 0.119 3.136
      0.039 0.077 0.349 0.133 0.004
      0.505 1.706 0.370 0.133 1.582
      2.903 -2.358 0.398 0.133 6.995
      -0.568 -0.089 0.426 0.126 0.165
      -0.077 0.153 0.440 0.119 0.014
      1.180 -0.184 0.468 0.133 0.713
      -0.502 -0.074 0.496 0.147 0.129
      -1.705 -0.023 0.517 0.133 1.454
      0.057 -0.037 0.545 0.133 0.002
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  不同位置颗粒运动特征

      Table  2.   The motion characteristics of particles at different positions

      颗粒位置 滑行距离(m) 最大动能(J) 最小动能(J) 平均动能(J) 碰撞频次
      前部 0.515 6.007 0.002 1.127 6
      中部 0.175 4.899 0.001 1.227 3
      后部 0.056 4.662 0.0003 1.785 1
      下载: 导出CSV
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