东昆仑按纳格角闪辉长岩体地球化学特征及其对古特提斯洋演化的制约

赵旭; 付乐兵; 魏俊浩; 赵玉京; 唐洋; 杨宝荣; 管波; 王晓云

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2018.020

东昆仑按纳格角闪辉长岩体地球化学特征及其对古特提斯洋演化的制约

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.020

1.
中国地质大学资源学院, 湖北武汉 430074
2.
青海省有色地质矿产勘查局, 青海西宁 810007

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目 12120114081401

中国地质调查局项目 12120114000701

中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金 CUGL170413

国家自然科学基金项目 41302065

详细信息

作者简介:
赵旭(1994-), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事矿床地球化学、成矿规律与成矿预测研究

通讯作者:
付乐兵

中图分类号: P597
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-07-08
- 刊出日期: 2018-02-15

Geochemical Characteristics of An'nage Hornblende Gabbro from East Kunlun Orogenic Belt and Its Constraints on Evolution of Paleo-Tethys Ocean

1.
Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
2.
Qinghai Bureau of Nonferrous Metals Geology and Mineral Exploration, Xining 810007, China

摘要

摘要: 目前关于东昆仑地区二叠纪-三叠纪基性岩浆岩的研究极为薄弱, 这不仅限制了对该时期东昆仑地区地幔源区性质的理解, 也在一定程度上制约了对古特提斯洋演化历史的准确认识.对东昆仑东段按纳格角闪辉长岩体进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素研究.结果显示:角闪辉长岩的锆石U-Pb定年结果为242±2 Ma; 岩体具有较低的SiO₂(46.00%~52.40%)及(Na₂O+K₂O)含量(3.07%~3.79%), 碱度(δ)值为1.26~3.14;另外, 岩石具有较高的Al₂O₃(17.35%~20.10%), MgO(4.65%~6.53%)和FeO^T(8.77%~11.07%)含量, Mg^#值为68~75, 属于钙碱性系列.岩石(La/Yb)_N为1.72~5.48, δEu为0.87~1.00, 具有弱的轻重稀土分异和负铕异常, 其富集大离子亲石元素, 亏损高场强元素, 具有低Nb/Ta值(3.7~8.8), 显示岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征.全岩(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i值(0.708 80~0.710 36)和ε_Nd(t)值(-4.8~-3.4)相对集中, 锆石ε_Nd(t)值为-4.9~-0.4.综合分析表明, 岩浆起源于俯冲板片流体交代的地幔楔, 为尖晶石相金云母二辉橄榄岩的部分熔融产物, 岩浆在上升侵位过程中未遭受明显地壳混染, 但经历了少量单斜辉石和斜长石的分离结晶作用.综合区域构造演化史以及同时代岩浆岩的年代学和地球化学特征, 认为按纳格角闪辉长岩体侵位于古特提斯洋北向俯冲的晚期, 该区古特提斯洋的最终闭合时间为中-晚三叠世.
- 角闪辉长岩 /
- 三叠纪 /
- 古特提斯洋 /
- 俯冲 /
- 东昆仑造山带 /
- 地质年代学 /
- 地球化学
Abstract: At present, the research on Permian-Triassic basic magmatic rocks in East Kunlun orogenic belt is extremely weak, which not only limits the understanding of the nature of the mantle source in the study area during this period but also restricts the accurate understanding of the evolution processes of Paleo-Tethys Ocean.The zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology and major and trace elements, as well as Sr-Nd-Hf isotope geochemistry of the An'nage hornblende gabbro in the East Kunlun orogenic belt are applied in this paper.LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yields a weighted mean age of 242±2 Ma for the intrusion.It is characterized by low SiO₂(46.00%-52.40%), low(Na₂O+K₂O)(3.07%-3.79%) contents.In addition, it is enriched in Al₂O₃(17.35%-20.10%), MgO(4.65%-6.53%) and FeO^T(8.77%-11.07%) with high Mg^#(68-75), indicating that it belongs to the calc-alkaline series.This intrusion has low(La/Yb)_N and Nb/Ta ratios, negative Eu anomalies, with enriched large-ion lithophile elements and depleted high field strength elements.All geochemical characteristics show that this intrusion is the result of typical island arc magmatic activity.Additionally, the samples have relatively uniform(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i ratios(0.708 80-0.710 36) and ε_Nd(t) values(-4.8 to -3.4), and relatively high ε_Hf(t) values(-4.9 to -0.4).According to the lithology, geochemical characteristics and isotopic compositions of the intrusion, we propose that the magma has not been significantly contaminated by the crust and it was derived from the low-degree partial melting(2%-10%) of the mantle wedge, which had undergone metasomatism induced by the fluid from the subducted slab.The mantle source was characterized by the spinel phase-phlogopite lherzolite.Slight fractional crystallization of pyroxene and plagioclase might also occur during the evolution of magma.In combination with the tectonic evolution of the East Kunlun orogenic belt and the geochronological and geochemical characteristics of contemporary intrusive rocks, it is concluded that the An'nage hornblende gabbro was produced at the late stage of Paleo-Tethys Ocean subduction, and the final closure timing of Paleo-Tethys Ocean should be the Middle Triassic to Late Triassic.
- hornblende gabbro /
- Triassic /
- Paleo-Tethys Ocean /
- subduction /
- East Kunlun orogenic belt /
- geochronology /
- geochemistry

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图 1 东昆仑造山带构造位置(a)、岩浆岩分布(b)和按纳格角闪辉长岩体地质简图(c)

图a据Xia et al.(2015a), 图b据Xia et al.(2015b)

Fig. 1. Geotectonic framework(a) and magmatite distribution(b) of East Kunlun orogenic belt, and simplified geological map of the An'nage hornblende gabbro(c)

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图 2 按纳格角闪辉长岩体镜下照片(正交光)

Am.角闪石; Bi.黑云母; Pl.斜长石

Fig. 2. Microphotographs of An'nage hornblende gabbro

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图 3 按纳格角闪辉长岩体样品An2典型锆石阴极发光图像(CL)

图中虚线圈和实线圈分别代表U-Pb和Hf同位素分析测试点; 括号外数值表示年龄, 括号内数值表示锆石Hf同位素组成

Fig. 3. Zircon cathodoluminescence(CL) images of sample An2 for An'nage hornblende gabbro

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图 4 按纳格角闪辉长岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图

Fig. 4. Zircon U-Pb concordia diagram for An'nage hornblende gabbro

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图 5 按纳格角闪辉长岩体TAS图解(a)和FeO^T-FeO^T/MgO图解(b)

图a底图据Wison(1989); 图b底图据Miyashiro(1974); 白日其利镁铁质岩(251 Ma)数据据熊富浩等(2011)

Fig. 5. TAS diagram(a) and FeO^T vs.FeO^T/MgO diagram(b) for An'nage hornblende gabbro

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图 6 按纳格角闪辉长岩体哈克图解

Fig. 6. Harker diagrams for An'nage hornblende gabbro

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图 7 按纳格角闪辉长岩体球粒陨石标准化稀土元素分布模式(a)和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图(b)

Fig. 7. The chondrite-normalized REE pattern(a) and PM-normalized trace element spider diagram(b) of An'nage hornblende gabbro

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图 8 按纳格角闪辉长岩体的ε_Nd(t)-(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i图解(a), Nd同位素图解(b), 锆石Hf同位素图解(c)和Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄直方图(d)

图中白日其利镁铁质岩数据来源同图 5; a图中东昆仑基底数据来自陈宣华等(2011), 富集岩石圈地幔数据来自刘成东等(2003)以及熊富浩等(2011), 岩浆弧数据来自Xiong et al.(2012)和刘成东等(2003)

Fig. 8. The ε_Nd(t)-(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i relations(a), Nd isotopic compositions(b), Hf isotopic compositions of zircons(c) and histogram of Hf isotopic two-stage model age(d) of An'nage hornblende gabbro

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图 9 按纳格角闪辉长岩体源区成分判别图解

图a数据来自Furman and Graham(1999); 图c数据来自柴凤梅等(2007); 图d数据来自赵少卿等(2015); 图c和d中带短横线曲线为地幔岩浆熔融程度趋势线

Fig. 9. The discrimination diagrams of source composition for An'nage hornblende gabbro

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图 10 按纳格角闪辉长岩体Hf/3-Th-Nb/16(a)和Ti/100-Zr-Sr/2(b)构造环境判别图解

图a底图据Wood et al.(1979); 图b底图据Pearce and Cann(1973)

Fig. 10. Hf/3-Th-Rb/16(a) and Ti/100-Zr-Sr/2(b) discrimination diagrams for An'nage hornblende gabbro

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表 1 按纳格角闪辉长岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年分析数据

Table 1. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb data of An'nage hornblende gabbro

点号	Th(10^-6)	U(10^-6)	Th/U	同位素比值								年龄(Ma)
点号	Th(10^-6)	U(10^-6)	Th/U	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁸Pb/²³²Th	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁸Pb/²³²Th	1σ
An2-1	166	128	1.30	0.074 81	0.002 61	0.394 59	0.015 03	0.038 27	0.000 59	0.011 31	0.000 45	1 064	69	338	11	242	4	227	9
An2-2	146	124	1.18	0.051 58	0.001 71	0.271 33	0.009 99	0.038 17	0.000 56	0.012 75	0.000 50	267	74	244	8	242	3	256	10
An2-3	46	49	0.94	0.056 86	0.004 13	0.300 69	0.021 89	0.038 37	0.000 81	0.013 70	0.000 70	486	153	267	17	243	5	275	14
An2-4	99	108	0.91	0.053 26	0.002 07	0.280 41	0.011 69	0.038 20	0.000 58	0.012 06	0.000 52	340	85	251	9	242	4	242	10
An2-5	282	160	1.76	0.067 25	0.002 64	0.350 68	0.014 70	0.037 83	0.000 60	0.012 12	0.000 53	846	80	305	11	239	4	244	11
An2-6	227	179	1.27	0.052 06	0.002 27	0.274 84	0.012 63	0.038 30	0.000 61	0.011 54	0.000 54	288	97	247	10	242	4	232	11
An2-7	383	268	1.43	0.050 25	0.001 33	0.265 62	0.008 23	0.038 35	0.000 53	0.011 48	0.000 52	207	60	239	7	243	3	231	10
An2-08	442	342	1.29	0.059 45	0.001 69	0.314 34	0.010 26	0.038 36	0.000 54	0.012 58	0.000 60	584	61	278	8	243	3	253	12
An2-09	114	97	1.17	0.051 35	0.002 09	0.270 21	0.011 70	0.038 18	0.000 59	0.012 14	0.000 62	256	91	243	9	242	4	244	12
An2-10	421	219	1.93	0.051 77	0.001 56	0.276 53	0.009 41	0.038 75	0.000 55	0.011 59	0.000 60	275	68	248	7	245	3	233	12
An2-11	266	157	1.69	0.051 43	0.002 60	0.273 35	0.014 24	0.038 55	0.000 64	0.012 12	0.000 41	260	112	245	11	244	4	244	8
An2-12	346	224	1.54	0.056 81	0.001 48	0.298 47	0.009 03	0.038 11	0.000 51	0.012 20	0.000 38	484	56	265	7	241	3	245	8
An2-13	206	108	1.90	0.060 45	0.003 02	0.318 83	0.016 36	0.038 25	0.000 65	0.012 61	0.000 46	620	104	281	13	242	4	253	9
An2-14	187	119	1.57	0.062 93	0.003 16	0.330 72	0.017 03	0.038 12	0.000 66	0.012 83	0.000 50	706	103	290	13	241	4	258	10
An2-15	138	135	1.02	0.058 67	0.002 45	0.307 74	0.013 51	0.038 05	0.000 59	0.012 33	0.000 50	555	89	272	10	241	4	248	10
An2-16	163	145	1.13	0.053 87	0.001 75	0.283 48	0.010 15	0.038 17	0.000 54	0.012 29	0.000 49	366	72	253	8	242	3	247	10
An2-17	206	195	1.05	0.050 82	0.001 39	0.265 47	0.008 35	0.037 89	0.000 52	0.012 10	0.000 50	233	62	239	7	240	3	243	10

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表 2 按纳格角闪辉长岩主量元素(%)、微量元素(10^-6)和稀土元素(10^-6)分析结果

Table 2. Major elements(%), trace elements(10^-6) and rare earth elements(10^-6) results of An'nage hornblende gabbro

样号	An1	An2	An3	An4	An5	An6
SiO₂	51.20	52.40	51.40	49.80	51.40	46.00
Al₂O₃	18.20	17.95	18.25	17.45	17.35	20.10
FeO^T	8.92	8.77	10.04	11.07	10.10	8.86
TiO₂	0.82	1.08	1.07	1.12	1.16	0.92
MnO	0.17	0.13	0.17	0.17	0.15	0.14
MgO	5.82	4.65	5.53	5.95	5.71	6.53
CaO	8.39	7.98	7.80	7.83	7.76	10.95
BaO	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Na₂O	2.21	2.37	2.48	2.04	2.34	2.05
K₂O	1.01	1.42	0.90	1.34	1.30	1.02
P₂O₅	0.09	0.15	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.06
LOI	2.04	2.39	1.57	2.40	1.69	2.55
Total	99.06	99.49	99.58	99.61	99.32	99.37
Na₂O+K₂O	3.22	3.79	3.38	3.38	3.64	3.07
FeO^T/MgO	1.53	1.89	1.82	1.86	1.77	1.36
Mg^#	72	68	69	68	69	75
δ	1.26	1.53	1.36	1.68	1.58	3.14
Li	33.8	35.3	23.9	15.1	13.9	12.5
Be	1.56	2.12	1.81	0.69	0.77	0.46
Sc	46.8	50.1	57.7	25.5	28.4	23.5
V	381	537	623	293	278	186
Cr	68.3	42.7	59.4	37.3	24.5	86.8
Co	158.0	139.0	164.0	56.1	59.5	65.6
Ni	73.3	66.2	83.1	33.7	27.8	45.3
Cu	21.5	33.2	88.9	35.9	35.2	10.2
Zn	223	225	283	124	145	109
Ga	37.3	42.3	41.1	17.4	17.3	17.3
Rb	74.3	105.0	69.6	43.7	45.5	33.2
Sr	655	714	621	241	256	273
Y	51.8	46.3	45.3	20.1	22.0	26.2
Zr	171.0	129.0	143.0	46.8	48.8	51.7
Nb	13.7	16.0	13.8	5.3	12.6	3.8
Cs	3.5	6.1	3.5	2.1	2.7	1.6
Ba	523	677	522	270	292	221
La	26.9	35.3	29.8	10.6	12.8	6.1
Ce	55.3	71.2	59.4	23.1	26.0	14.2
Pr	7.2	9.0	7.2	2.9	3.2	2.1
Nd	31.5	36.6	28.9	12.4	13.1	10.1
Sm	7.9	7.9	6.9	3.0	3.2	3.1
Eu	2.32	2.63	2.20	0.95	1.04	0.99
Gd	8.4	7.9	7.4	3.3	3.6	3.8
Tb	1.44	1.28	1.23	0.54	0.60	0.66
Dy	8.7	7.7	7.5	3.3	3.7	4.3
Ho	1.83	1.60	1.57	0.69	0.76	0.91
Er	5.28	4.68	4.58	2.01	2.22	2.63
Tm	0.77	0.68	0.66	0.29	0.32	0.38
Yb	4.85	4.34	4.21	1.84	1.99	2.40
Lu	0.73	0.65	0.64	0.28	0.30	0.36
Hf	4.39	3.94	4.23	1.52	1.64	1.68
Ta	3.71	1.82	2.37	0.73	1.72	0.82
Tl	0.37	0.53	0.36	0.25	0.25	0.17
Pb	11.0	16.2	12.2	5.1	5.9	4.7
Th	5.9	7.0	9.2	2.4	2.9	0.8
U	0.72	0.83	1.55	0.62	0.48	0.24
ΣREE	215	238	208	85	95	78
(La/Yb)_N	3.74	5.48	4.77	3.88	4.34	1.72
δEu	0.87	1.00	0.94	0.92	0.93	0.88
注:FeO^T为全铁含量; LOI为烧矢量; Mg^#=100×Mg/(Ma+Fe), 原子个数之比; 碱度δ=(Na₂O+K₂O)²/(SiO₂-43);δEu=2Eu_N/(Sm_N+Gd_N)(Sun and McDonough, 1989), 下标N为球粒陨石标准化值.

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表 3 按纳格角闪辉长岩Sr-Nd同位素分析结果

Table 3. Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of An'nage hornblende gabbro

样号	⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr	⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr	1σ	(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i	¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd	¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd	1σ	ε_Nd(t)	t_DM2(Ma)
An1	0.328	0.710 48	0.000 02	0.709 35	0.151 418	0.512 369	0.000 006	-3.9	1 326
An2	0.426	0.711 82	0.000 02	0.710 36	0.130 812	0.512 287	0.000 005	-4.8	1 405
An3	0.324	0.710 02	0.000 02	0.708 91	0.143 496	0.512 381	0.000 006	-3.4	1 287
An4	0.525	0.710 74	0.000 02	0.708 94	0.145 768	0.512 375	0.000 003	-3.6	1 303
An5	0.514	0.710 56	0.000 04	0.708 80	0.148 593	0.512 388	0.000 006	-3.4	1 289
注:ε_Nd(t)值计算采用(¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd)_CHUR=0.196 7, (¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_CHUR=0.512 638;t代表成岩年龄(242 Ma); 同位素亏损地幔模式年龄t_DM2计算采用(¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd)_DM=0.213 7, (¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_DM=0.513 15.

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表 4 按纳格角闪辉长岩锆石Hf同位素分析结果

Table 4. Hf isotopic data for zircon samples from An'nage hornblende gabbro

点号	¹⁷⁶Yb/¹⁷⁷Hf	¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf	¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf	2σ	t(Ma)	ε_Hf(0)	ε_Hf(t)	t_DM1(Ma)	t_DM2(Ma)	f_Lu/Hf
An2-1	0.037 146	0.001 727	0.282 583	0.000 020	242	-6.7	-1.6	965	1 153	-0.95
An2-2	0.039 615	0.001 834	0.282 491	0.000 025	242	-9.9	-4.9	1100	1 318	-0.94
An2-3	0.036 556	0.001 650	0.282 557	0.000 027	243	-7.6	-2.6	1001	1 200	-0.95
An2-4	0.034 658	0.001 657	0.282 568	0.000 021	242	-7.2	-2.2	985	1 179	-0.95
An2-5	0.034 797	0.001 571	0.282 576	0.000 019	239	-6.9	-1.9	972	1 165	-0.95
An2-6	0.037 491	0.001 661	0.282 575	0.000 027	242	-7.0	-1.9	975	1 167	-0.95
An2-7	0.064 186	0.002 795	0.282 572	0.000 027	243	-7.1	-2.2	1010	1 181	-0.92
An2-8	0.022 967	0.001 044	0.282 590	0.000 034	243	-6.4	-1.3	938	1 136	-0.97
An2-10	0.048 051	0.002 033	0.282 592	0.000 037	245	-6.4	-1.4	960	1 139	-0.94
An2-11	0.051 703	0.002 161	0.282 619	0.000 037	244	-5.4	-0.4	925	1 092	-0.93
An2-12	0.086 838	0.003 532	0.282 594	0.000 038	241	-6.3	-1.6	999	1 148	-0.89
An2-13	0.043 328	0.001 806	0.282 611	0.000 036	242	-5.7	-0.7	927	1 103	-0.95
An2-14	0.025 801	0.001 089	0.282 577	0.000 029	241	-6.9	-1.7	957	1 158	-0.97
An2-15	0.041 244	0.001 818	0.282 522	0.000 036	241	-8.9	-3.8	1056	1 264	-0.95
An2-16	0.053 913	0.002 218	0.282 571	0.000 025	242	-7.1	-2.1	996	1 179	-0.93
An2-17	0.041 781	0.001 861	0.282 568	0.000 028	240	-7.2	-2.1	991	1 181	-0.94
注:ε_Hf(t)采用(¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf)_CHUR=0.033 2和(¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf)_{CHUR, 0}=0.282 772进行计算(Blichert-Toft et al., 1997), t_DM采用(¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf)_DM=0.038 4和(¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf)_DM=0.283 25进行计算(Griffin et al., 2004), ¹⁷⁶Lu衰变常数采用1.867×10^-11 a^-1(Söderlund et al., 2004).

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