Geochronology, Geochemistry and its Tectonic Significance of the Early Paleozoic Magmatic Rocks in Northern Langshan, Inner Mongolia
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摘要: 内蒙古狼山北部地区位于华北克拉通与兴蒙造山带交接部位，构造上隶属于华北克拉通北缘早古生代陆缘增生带.狼山北部巴音杭盖一带出露的早古生代岩浆岩，对确定华北北缘西段早古生代构造格局和造山带演化具有重要意义.本次研究采用LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年法，获得了闪长岩、石英闪长岩206Pb/238U年龄为435.8±2.2 Ma~437.7±2.2 Ma，时代为早志留世.岩石为钙碱性系列，富集轻稀土元素，（La/Yb）N=4.30~11.59，表现出不同程度地富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）Rb、Th、U、K、Ba、Sr等，亏损高场强元素（HFSE），具有明显的Nb、Ta、Ti负异常，具有弱的负Eu异常（δEu=0.80~0.96），具有俯冲带岩石的特征.在同位素组成上，早志留世闪长岩体具有明显亏损的特点，εHf（t）=+5.2~+12.6，（87Sr/86Sr）i=0.704 665~0.706 174，εNd（t）=+1.84~+2.00.上述年代学、岩石地球化学、Sr-Nd-Hf同位素数据结合区域地质资料分析表明，狼山北部早志留世闪长质岩体形成于早古生代温都尔庙洋沿温都尔庙-乌德-索伦山南一线南向俯冲背景下，为经历了俯冲洋板片析出流体交代作用的新生下地壳部分熔融的产物.志留纪岛弧岩浆岩的确定，明确了狼山北部地区属于华北克拉通北缘早古生代活动大陆边缘，为白乃庙岛弧带向西延展的部分，同时为华北北缘西段早古生代"沟-弧-盆"体系的确定提供了重要素材.Abstract: The Langshan area in Inner Mongolia is a paramount transitional zone located between the North China Craton (NCC) and the Xingmeng orogenic belt (XOB), and structurally belongs to the Early Paleozoic marginal accretionary belt in the northern margin of the NCC. The Early Paleozoic magmatic rocks distributed in the Bayinhanggai area, the northern Langshan, have important implications for the reconstruction of regional Paleozoic tectonic setting and orogenic evolution. The dioritic batholith consists mainly of diorite and quartz-diorite, with the zircon 206Pb/238U ages of 435.8±2.2 Ma-437.7±2.2 Ma, which represent the crystallization age of the Early Silurian. The rocks are calc-alkaline series, enriched in LREE with the (La/Yb)N ratios 4.30~11.59, depleted in HFSE (especially Nb, Ta and Ti) and enriched in LILE (like Rb, Th, K, Ba and Sr), and weakly negative Eu anomalies (δEu=0.80~0.96), indicating that they are formed in island arcs or in active continents margin setting. The Early Silurian diorite batholith shows depleted isotopic compositions, εHf(t)=+5.2-+12.6, (87Sr/86Sr)i=0.704 665-0.706 174, εNd(t)=+1.84-+2.00. Integrated geochronology, geochemical, Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic data and regional geological data suggest that the Early Silurian diorite batholith in northern Langshan was generated in Early Paleozoic and resulted from the southward subduction of Wenduermiao ocean along Wenduermiao-Wude-northern Suolun. The diorites were formed by partial melting of juvenile crust which was modified by subduction slab fluids. The determination of the Silurian arc magmatic rocks makes it clear that the northern Langshan area belongs to the Early Paleozoic active continental margin of the northern NCC, and it is the westward extended part of the Bainaimiao island arc belt. At the same time, it also provides important materials for the Early Paleozoic "trench-arc-basin" system in the west section of the northern NCC.
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图 1 中亚造山带构造简图(a)、研究区大地构造位置(b)以及内蒙古狼山北部地质简图及取样位置(c)
图a据Jahn et al.(2000)；图b据Xu et al.(2013)、孙立新等(2017)；图c修改自河北区调局, 2012, 内蒙古1：25万巴音查干、乌拉特后旗幅区调修测；①二连-贺根山蛇绿混杂岩带；②二道井-迪彦庙蛇绿混杂岩带；③索伦-西拉木伦蛇绿混杂岩带；④温都尔庙-车根达来-乌德-索伦山南蛇绿混杂岩带；⑤华北北缘断裂；⑥华北克拉通北缘早古生代陆缘增生带
Fig. 1. Simplified sketch map of the Central Asia orogenic belts (a), tectonic location (b) and simplified geological map and sample location from northern Langshan of Inner Mongolia (c)
图 2 志留纪岩体野外及显微照片(正交偏光)
a.闪长岩野外露头；b.闪长岩显微照片；c.石英闪长岩野外露头；d.石英闪长岩显微照片；Bi.黑云母；Kfs.钾长石；Hb.角闪石；Pl.斜长石；Px.辉石；Qz.石英
Fig. 2. Field and microphotographs in Silurian batholith (crossed nicols)
图 3 狼山北部闪长岩体锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图及阴极发光图像
实心圆圈为U-Pb的年点；虚线圆圈为Hf同位素分析点
Fig. 3. Zircon U-Pb concordia diagram and CL images for diorite of northern Langshan
图 4 狼山北部早志留世岩体Harker图解
Fig. 4. Harker diagrams of the Early Silurian batholith in northern Langshan
图 5 狼山北部早志留世岩体的K2O-SiO2图(a)与A/NK-A/CNK图(b)
图a据Wilson(1989)；图b据Maniar and Piccoli(1989)
Fig. 5. K2O-SiO2 (a) and A/NK-A/CNK (b) discrimination diagrams of the Early Silurian batholith in northern Langshan
图 6 狼山北部早志留世闪长岩体的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图解(a)和微量元素原始地幔标准化图解(b)
Fig. 6. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns (a) and primitive mantle-normalized trace elements spider diagrams (b) of the Early Silurian batholith in northern Langshan
图 7 狼山北部早志留世闪长岩体锆石εHf(t)值(a)和二阶段Hf模式年龄(T2DM)(b)频数分布直方图
Fig. 7. Histograms of zircon εHf(t) values (a) and two-stages Hf model ages (T2DM) (b) of the Early Silurian batholith in northern Langshan
图 8 狼山北部早志留世闪长岩体(87Sr/86Sr)i-εNd(t)关系(a)和t-εHf(t)关系(b)
DM.亏损地幔；MORB.洋中脊玄武岩；OIB.洋岛玄武岩；EMI.I型富集地幔；EMII.II型富集地幔；兴蒙造山带东部Hf同位素数据引自Yang et al.(2006)
Fig. 8. (87Sr/86Sr)i-εNd(t) diagram (a) and t-εHf(t) diagram (b) of the Early Silurian batholith in northern Langshan
图 9 狼山北部早志留世闪长岩体形成构造环境判别图解
图a, b据Pearce et al.(1984)；图c据Harris et al.(1986)；图d据Defant and Drummond(1993)
Fig. 9. Geochemical diagrams of tectonic environment discrimination for batholith of Early Silurian from northern Langshan
图 10 狼山北部早志留世闪长岩体的(La/Yb)N-YbN图(a)和Sr/Y-Y图(b)
图a和图b中埃达克岩和典型岛弧岩浆岩区域引自Martin(1999)
Fig. 10. (La/Yb)N-YbN (a) and Sr/Y-Y (b) plots for batholith of Early Silurian from northern Langshan
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