Magnetic Characteristics of ZK145 Borehole Sediments in Wuhan Area and Its Records of Paleoflood
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摘要: 长江中游是我国洪灾最为严重的地区，武汉江段是长江中游防洪重点.开展武汉地区长江古洪水研究，从而延长古洪水记录具有重要意义.选择长江武汉段堤后典型湖泊钻孔——ZK145钻孔，在沉积物岩性及沉积相分析的基础上，通过对岩心磁性特征和粒度特征分析，结合AMS 14C测年，对长江武汉段全新世古洪水频发期进行了研究.根据质量磁化率、频率磁化率曲线，将钻孔划分为5个沉积阶段.再结合中值粒径和砂含量，识别出9次特大古洪水事件，其年代为：10 580~10 510，10 280~10 200，9 690~9 670，9 530~9 500，8 660~8 450，7 700~75 00，6 270~5 910，4 850~4 800，3 560~3 500 cal.a BP，其中9 700~4 800 cal.a.BP为古洪水频发期.热磁曲线分析表明，古洪水沉积物的热磁曲线在510℃附近可见较明显的峰值，主导磁性矿物为磁铁矿.研究表明，质量磁化率高值、频率磁化率低值和较粗粒径为长江武汉段堤后湖泊古洪水沉积的识别标志.Abstract: The middle reaches of the Yangtze River are the most severely affected areas in China, and the Wuhan section is the key to flood control in the middle reaches of Yangtze River. It is of great significance to study the paleoflood of the Yangtze River in Wuhan area so as to prolong the record of the paleoflood. In this study, ZK145 borehole was selected in a typical lake behind the dam of Wuhan section of the Yangtze River. Based on the analysis of sedimentary lithology and sedimentary facies, magnetic characteristics and particle size characteristics of the core were analyzed, and AMS14C dating was used to study the occurrence period of holocene paleoflood in wuhan section of the Yangtze River. The borehole is divided into five sedimentary stages based on the mass magnetic susceptibility(χ) and the frequency susceptibility (χfd%) curve.Combined with the median particle size and sand content, nine paleoflood events were identified, with the age:10 580-10 510, 10 280-10 200, 9 690-9 670, 9 530-9 500, 8 660-8 450, 7 700-7 500, 6 270-5 910, 4 850-4 800, 3 560-3 500 cal.a BP, paleofloods occurred frequently at 9 700-4 800 cal.a BP among them. Through analysis of temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility (κ-T curve), the heating curve of the paleoflood sediments shows a more obvious peak near 510℃ in paleoflood sediments, and Magnetite is the dominant magnetic mineral. The research shows that the high mass magnetic susceptibility, the low frequency susceptibility and the coarser particle size are the identification marks of the paleoflood deposition in the lakes behind the Yangtze River embankment in the Yangtze River.
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图 1 武汉ZK145钻孔位置分布（左图为中国部分区域图）
Fig. 1. The location distribution of ZK145 borehole in Wuhan
图 2 ZK145钻孔质量磁化率、频率磁化率、中值粒径、砂含量曲线及岩性柱状图
Fig. 2. Mass magnetic susceptibility, frequency susceptibility, median particle size, sand content curve and lithologic column diagram of ZK145 borehole
图 3 ZK145钻孔代表性样品κ-T曲线（红线为加热曲线，蓝线为冷却曲线，各图左上角数字表示样品号和取样深度）
Fig. 3. Temperature-dependence susceptibility measurements for the typical sample of ZK145 borehole
图 4 ZK145钻孔第Ⅴ、Ⅲ和Ⅱ阶段的古洪水层识别
Fig. 4. Identification of paleoflood layers in stages Ⅴ, Ⅲ and Ⅱ of ZK145 borehole
表 1 ZK145钻孔AMS14C测年及日历年龄校正
Table 1. AMS14C dating and calendar calibration of chronology in the ZK145 borehole
样品编号 取样深度（m） 岩性特征 AMS14C年龄（a BP） 日历年龄（cal.a BP） ZK145 14C-1 3.20 黑灰色黏土 3 380±35 3 623 ZK145 14C-2 14.00 黑灰色黏土 4 270±35 4 844 ZK145 14C-3 19.63 褐灰色黏土 8 670±40 9 614 ZK145 14C-4 24.89 褐灰色黏土 8 800±41 9 828 ZK145 14C-5 30.10 黑灰色黏土 9 480±50 10 738 
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表 2 ZK145钻孔磁化率和频率磁化率特征
Table 2. Characteristic of magnetic susceptibility and frequency susceptibility of ZK145 borehole
阶段 深度（m） 年代（ka B.P） 质量磁化率（10-8 m3/kg） 频率磁化率（%） 最大值 最小值 平均值 标准差 样品数 最大值 最小值 平均值 标准差 样品数 Ⅴ 1.30~2.83 3.41~3.58 98.06 27.44 48.46 17.05 13 4.62 1.88 3.11 0.93 13 Ⅳ 3.00~10.00 3.60~4.39 33.47 5.94 13.34 6.34 58 5.36 0.40 2.52 1.30 58 Ⅲ 10.13~22.23 4.41~9.72 87.63 7.16 27.75 17.77 94 8.34 0.74 4.28 1.75 94 Ⅱ 22.34~33.60 9.72~11.35 173.97 12.82 43.94 20.92 87 6.63 0.77 1.92 0.86 87 Ⅰ 33.80~37.90 11.38~12.10 64.87 8.99 23.38 21.25 5 2.48 1.23 1.80 0.49 5 整个钻孔 3.41~12.10 173.97 5.94 30.94 257 8.34 0.40 2.98 257
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