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    湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体显微测温与特征元素测定

    周云 段其发 曹亮 于玉帅 彭三国 甘金木 李堃 黄惠兰 李芳

    周云, 段其发, 曹亮, 于玉帅, 彭三国, 甘金木, 李堃, 黄惠兰, 李芳, 2018. 湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体显微测温与特征元素测定. 地球科学, 43(7): 2465-2483. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.520
    引用本文: 周云, 段其发, 曹亮, 于玉帅, 彭三国, 甘金木, 李堃, 黄惠兰, 李芳, 2018. 湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体显微测温与特征元素测定. 地球科学, 43(7): 2465-2483. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.520
    Zhou Yun, Duan Qifa, Cao Liang, Yu Yushuai, Peng Sanguo, Gan Jinmu, Li Kun, Huang Huilan, Li Fang, 2018. Microthermometry and Characteristic Elements Determination of the Fluid Inclusions of the Huayuan Lead-Zinc Deposit in Western Hunan. Earth Science, 43(7): 2465-2483. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.520
    Citation: Zhou Yun, Duan Qifa, Cao Liang, Yu Yushuai, Peng Sanguo, Gan Jinmu, Li Kun, Huang Huilan, Li Fang, 2018. Microthermometry and Characteristic Elements Determination of the Fluid Inclusions of the Huayuan Lead-Zinc Deposit in Western Hunan. Earth Science, 43(7): 2465-2483. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.520

    湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体显微测温与特征元素测定

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.520
    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学基金项目 41503040

    中国地质调查局项目 12120114008001

    中国地质调查局项目 1212011120790

    中国地质调查局项目 DD20160029

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      周云(1984-), 女, 助理研究员, 博士, 主要从事矿物学、矿床学研究

      通讯作者:

      段其发

    • 中图分类号: P611;P575

    Microthermometry and Characteristic Elements Determination of the Fluid Inclusions of the Huayuan Lead-Zinc Deposit in Western Hunan

    • 摘要: 花垣铅锌矿床的成矿流体演化特点和铅锌矿物沉淀机制存有分歧,为了总结矿床成因并建立成矿模式,指导该地区铅锌矿的下一步找矿勘探工作.对闪锌矿、主成矿期方解石和萤石中的流体包裹体进行岩相学观察、显微测温、拉曼光谱分析以及同步辐射X射线荧光微探针分析,结果显示花垣地区铅锌矿床成矿流体温度主要为150~220℃,总盐度一般为13%~23% NaCleqv,多> 15% NaCleqv,密度多 > 1 g/cm3,成矿流体为NaCl-CaCl2-MgCl2-H2O卤水体系.成矿流体均一温度具有由北而南降低的趋势.流体液相组分中主要为Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、Cl-,具有盆地热卤水体系特点.流体包裹体气相中发育CO2、CH4,方解石、萤石中流体包裹体均有成矿元素Pb、Zn的存在.花垣矿集区成矿流体属于低温度、中-高盐度、中-高密度,成分以钠和钙氯化物为主的含矿热水溶液,流体运移方向为由北向南,流体来源于封层水、大气降水和少量变质水.铅锌矿物的沉淀与热化学硫酸盐还原作用有关.闪锌矿、方铅矿等矿石矿物与方解石、萤石等脉石矿物应属同一富含Pb、Zn、Mn、Fe、As、Cr等成矿元素的成矿流体在同一成矿期次相同条件下沉淀的产物.

       

    • 图  1  花垣矿集区地质矿产简图

      1.地层界线;2.断裂及编号;3.铅锌矿床;4.本文铅锌矿床样品采集点;Qbbx.青白口系板溪群;NH2d.南华系大塘坡组;NH2n.南华系南沱组;Z.震旦系;∈1n-s.下寒武统牛蹄塘组+石牌组;∈1s.下寒武统石牌组;∈1q.下寒武统清虚洞组;∈2g/∈2a/∈2c.中寒武统高台组/熬溪组/车夫组;∈2-3l.中-上寒武统娄山关组;O.奥陶系;F1.张家界-花垣断裂;F2.麻栗场断裂;F3.两河-长乐断裂;图据杨绍祥等(2009)修编

      Fig.  1.  Geological sketch of Huayuan ore area

      图  2  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床矿石、结构及围岩蚀变照片

      a.斑脉状方解石化闪锌矿石,闪锌矿沿方解石脉与围岩接触带分布;b.方解石-重晶石化闪锌矿石,细粒黄铁矿和闪锌矿沿方解石-重晶石脉与围岩接触带分布;c.斑脉状方解石化闪锌矿石,细粒黄铁矿与闪锌矿沿方解石脉与围岩接触带分布;d.方解石化铅锌矿石;e.方解石化铅锌矿石,细粒黄铁矿和闪锌矿沿方解石脉与围岩接触带分布;f.黄铁矿与方铅矿穿插交代闪锌矿矿物;g.紫色-白色萤石与黄棕色闪锌矿共生;h.沥青化灰岩;Sp.闪锌矿;Gn.方铅矿;Py.黄铁矿;Cal.方解石;Bar.重晶石;Flu.萤石

      Fig.  2.  Photos of sphalerite ore, structure and wall rock alterationin of the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      图  3  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体显微照片

      a.李梅铅锌矿床闪锌矿中的两相流体包裹体;b.团结铅锌矿床方解石中的两相盐水流体包裹体;c.耐子堡铅锌矿床闪锌矿中的两相流体包裹体;d.耐子堡铅锌矿床方解石中的两相盐水流体包裹体;e.蜂塘铅锌矿床萤石中的两相流体包裹体;f.蜂塘铅锌矿床闪锌矿中的两相盐水流体包裹体;g.蜂塘铅锌矿床方解石中的两相流体包裹体;h.大石沟铅锌矿床闪锌矿中的两相盐水流体包裹体;V.气相;L.液相

      Fig.  3.  Photographs of fluid inclusions from the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      图  4  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体均一温度直方图

      a.团结铅锌矿床方解石中的流体包裹体均一温度直方图;b.李梅铅锌矿床方解石中的流体包裹体均一温度直方图;c.耐子堡铅锌矿床方解石中的流体包裹体均一温度直方图;d.蜂塘铅锌矿床方解石中的流体包裹体均一温度直方图;e.大石沟铅锌矿床方解石中的流体包裹体均一温度直方图

      Fig.  4.  Homogenization temperatures histograms of fluid inclusions from the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      图  5  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床流体成分Cl/Br-Na/K相关图解

      海水蒸发曲线据Fontes and Matray(1993)

      Fig.  5.  Cl/Br-Na/K illustration of fluid composition from the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      图  6  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体拉曼光谱特征

      a.蜂塘矿床闪锌矿中流体包裹体气相成分;b.蜂塘矿床方解石中流体包裹体气相成分;c.蜂塘矿床闪锌矿中流体包裹体气相成分;d.李梅矿床闪锌矿中流体包裹体气相成分;e.李梅矿床方解石中流体包裹体气相成分;f.团结矿床萤石中流体包裹体气相成分;g.团结矿床方解石中流体包裹体气相成分;h.团结矿床闪锌矿中流体包裹体气相成分.红色谱线为气相成分;黑色谱线为液相成分

      Fig.  6.  Laser Raman spectras of fluid inlusions from Huayuan Pb-Zn deposit, western Hunan

      图  7  花垣团结铅锌矿床萤石矿物流体包裹体拉曼光谱特征

      Fig.  7.  Laser Raman spectras of fluid inlusions from Tuanjie Pb-Zn deposit, Huayuan district

      图  8  花垣团结铅锌矿床高放大倍数下萤石中的单相高密度甲烷包裹体

      Fig.  8.  Single phase high density methane inclusions in fluorite with high magnification from Tuanjie Pb-Zn deposit, Huayuan district

      图  9  湘西花垣地区蜂塘铅锌矿床方解石中单个流体包裹体成矿元素分布的X射线荧光光谱图

      Fig.  9.  Ore-forming elements distribution of fluid inclusion in calcite from Fengtang Pb-Zn deposit, Huayuan district

      图  10  湘西花垣地区蜂塘矿床方解石中单个流体包裹体成矿元素分布的X射线荧光光谱图

      Fig.  10.  Ore-forming elements distribution of fluid inclusion in calcite from Fengtang Pb-Zn deposit, Huayuan district

      图  11  湘西花垣团结矿床萤石中单个流体包裹体Zn元素分布的X射线荧光光谱图

      Fig.  11.  Ore-forming elements distribution of fluid inclusion in fluorite from Tuanjie Pb-Zn deposit, Huayuan district

      图  12  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床方解石中流体包裹体均一温度对比

      Fig.  12.  Homogenization temperature comparison chart of fluid inclusions in calcite from the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      图  13  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床方解石中流体包裹体均一温度-盐度-密度分布

      Fig.  13.  Homogenization temperature-salinity-density chart of fluid inclusions in calcite from the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      图  14  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床方解石流体包裹体均一温度-盐度的流体来源判别图解

      底图据Beane(1983)

      Fig.  14.  Homogenization temperature-salinity related diagrams of fluid inclusions in calcite from the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      表  1  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床矿床流体包裹体显微测温结果

      Table  1.   Table of microthermometry of fluid inclusions from the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      矿床 矿物名称 初熔温度Te(℃) 冰点温度Tm(℃) 盐度(%NaCleqv) 均一温度范围Th(℃) 平均均一温度Th(℃)
      团结 方解石 -35~-25 -13~-10 13.99~17.00 125~260 215.5
      -50~-40 -18~-12 16.05~21.20 150~317 217.0
      萤石 -60~-55 -12~-5 7.86~16.05 110~230 159.6
      李梅 闪锌矿 / -17~-14 17.92~20.43 185~213 206.0
      方解石 -52~-43 -18~-12 16.05~21.20 198~229 209.0
      萤石 -59~-50 -7~-3 4.94~10.49 142~167 152.0
      耐子堡 闪锌矿 -47~-40 -18~-15 18.79~21.20 185~211 201.0
      方解石 -50~-40 -18~-14 17.92~21.20 170~255 198.0
      萤石 -53~-43 -5.1~-2.5 4.17~7.99 171~245 183.8
      蜂塘 方解石 -57~-53 -21~-20 22.67~23.36 163~259 184.5
      大石沟 方解石 -50~-43 -13~-10 13.99~17.00 150~195 177.0
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床方解石包裹体成分及部分物化条件参数

      Table  2.   Table of ingredients and physical, chemical conditions of fluid inclusions from the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      气相成分摩尔分数(%) 液相成分(10-6)
      样号 H2O CO2 CO CH4 H2 K+ Na+ Ca2+ Mg2+ Li+
      TJ-1B11 98.41 1.47 / 0.12 / 2.55 22.01 93.63 8.60 0.03
      TJ-1B12 98.82 1.03 / 0.15 / 3.50 33.20 101.15 9.41 0.05
      TJ-B14 98.73 1.08 / 0.19 / 3.57 31.59 118.28 9.09 0.03
      TJ-B1 98.40 1.37 / 0.22 / 2.09 21.69 93.94 11.72 ≤0.01
      TJ-B10 94.72 1.13 / 4.15 / 2.01 17.34 102.49 13.10 0.02
      TDP-B3 86.13 1.76 / 12.11 / 3.41 36.40 97.54 21.01 0.05
      DSG-B1 98.45 1.36 / 0.19 / 1.40 13.76 76.69 82.94 0.03
      DSG-B10 98.04 1.77 / 0.19 / 2.57 21.39 94.59 19.85 0.05
      FT-B26 95.98 1.82 / 2.20 / 11.46 107.17 4.30 1 544.00 0.20
      FT-B27 99.02 0.90 / 0.08 / 5.51 36.50 44.65 246.80 0.10
      液相成分(10-6) 相关参数
      样号 F- Cl- Br- SO42- H2O/CO2 Na+/K+ Cl-/F- Na+/Br+ Cl-/Br- Cl-/SO42-
      TJ-1B11 0.05 54.03 0.01 2.74 67 15 579 2 201 5 403 53
      TJ-1B12 0.10 76.39 3.11 4.68 96 16 409 11 25 44
      TJ-B14 0.06 73.54 3.31 10.78 92 15 657 10 22 18
      TJ-B1 0.12 50.11 / 3.03 72 18 224 45
      TJ-B10 0.11 39.44 3.58 17.59 84 15 192 5 11 6
      TDP-B3 0.12 87.79 / 7.40 49 18 392 32
      DSG-B1 0.34 39.05 / 6.30 73 17 62 17
      DSG-B10 0.16 62.16 / 5.44 55 14 208 31
      FT-B26 0.06 243.49 5.93 7.87 53 16 2 175 18 41 84
      FT-B27 0.19 105.76 3.64 13.14 111 11 298 10 29 22
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床各矿物中群体流体包裹体液相成分及部分特征参数

      Table  3.   Table of ingredients and characteristic parameters of fluid inclusions in diffirent minerals from the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      序号 样号 矿物名称 液相成分 特征参数1
      K+ Na+ Ca2+ Mg2+ F- Cl- SO42- Na+/K+ Na+/(Ca2++Mg2+)
      1 13TJ-B1 闪锌矿 1.719 0 8.413 80.48 1.516 0 0.541 2 32.61 121.2 4.894 1 0.102 6
      2 13TJ-B1 方解石 0.843 2 5.636 26.93 0.556 3 0.376 7 11.91 15.89 6.684 1 0.205 0
      3 13TJ-B2 闪锌矿 0.494 1 2.444 26.80 0.477 1 0.132 0 10.52 54.90 4.946 4 0.089 6
      4 13TJ-B2 方解石 0.756 1 6.464 18.60 0.390 8 0.421 6 14.19 18.74 8.549 1 0.340 4
      5 13TJ-B3 闪锌矿 0.360 0 1.632 17.78 0.342 5 0.169 0 5.858 14.14 4.533 3 0.090 1
      6 13TJ-B3 方解石 2.201 0 21.88 20.09 0.594 3 0.345 3 50.08 5.627 9.940 9 1.057 8
      7 13TJ-B4 方解石 0.704 8 7.977 14.43 0.366 2 0.216 4 17.34 3.982 11.318 1 0.539 1
      8 13TJ-B7 方解石 0.504 2 6.552 13.18 0.204 7 0.258 5 13.69 4.530 12.994 8 0.489 5
      9 13TJ-B8 方解石 0.430 9 5.926 13.41 0.236 2 0.528 2 13.99 1.861 13.752 6 0.434 3
      10 13TJ-B9 重晶石 0.792 0 5.937 7.20 0.160 4 1.071 0 14.27 4.194 7.496 2 0.806 6
      11 13TJ-B11 闪锌矿 0.381 5 2.009 16.60 0.240 2 0.081 5 7.27 26.06 5.266 1 0.119 3
      12 13TJ-B11 方解石 1.548 0 15.10 13.31 0.452 9 0.634 5 35.62 3.953 9.754 5 1.097 2
      13 13DSG-B11 方解石 0.602 0 5.675 32.17 1.030 0 0.388 0 14.50 52.47 9.426 9 0.170 9
      14 13DSG-B12 方解石 0.564 6 5.705 13.03 0.381 2 0.653 4 13.66 2.376 10.104 5 0.425 4
      15 13DSG-B13 方解石 0.225 6 1.988 14.24 0.316 9 0.377 4 4.69 7.575 8.812 1 0.136 6
      16 13DSG-B15 方解石 4.984 0 38.960 5.96 19.000 0 0.498 4 84.12 2.506 7.817 0 1.560 8
      17 13DSG-B15 方解石 0.347 7 5.514 13.49 0.925 6 0.815 8 12.13 1.917 15.858 5 0.382 5
      18 13DSG-B17 方解石 1.024 0 8.632 15.96 2.263 0 0.436 7 21.91 8.879 8.429 7 0.473 7
        注:气相成分单位为μL/g;液相成分单位为10-6;由核工业地质矿产研究所测试.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  4  湘西花垣地区铅锌矿床各矿物中群体流体包裹体气相成分及相关参数

      Table  4.   Table of gas phase composition and characteristic parameters of fluid inclusions in diffirent minerals from the lead-zinc deposits in Huayuan area, western Hunan

      序号 样号 矿物名称 气相成分 相关参数
      H2O CO2 CO CH4 H2 N2 CH4/CO2
      1 13TJ-B1 闪锌矿 5.486×104 2.390 / / 0.075 22 0.172 7
      2 13TJ-B1 方解石 4.370×104 / / / 0.321 60 0.219 3
      3 13TJ-B2 闪锌矿 / 3.811 0.014 55 / 0.051 72 83.240 0
      4 13TJ-B2 方解石 7.438×104 0.717 / / 0.181 60 0.263 2
      5 13TJ-B3 闪锌矿 / 1.454 / / 0.055 22 0.205 8
      6 13TJ-B3 方解石 3.297×105 1.029 / 0.492 2 0.144 90 3.627 0 0.478 3
      7 13TJ-B4 方解石 2.712×105 1.035 / / 0.137 80 0.414 2
      8 13TJ-B7 方解石 1.275×105 2.085 / 0.153 8 0.264 10 2.671 0 0.073 8
      9 13TJ-B8 方解石 5.464×104 0.992 8 / 0.421 3 0.326 40 1.746 0 0.424 4
      10 13TJ-B9 重晶石 9.716×104 3.459 0.054 20 0.316 7 0.179 00 1.596 0 0.091 6
      11 13TJ-B11 闪锌矿 4.352×104 2.323 0.059 36 0.039 0 0.065 92 1.348 0 0.016 8
      12 13TJ-B11 方解石 3.480×105 2.065 / 0.292 8 0.202 50 3.115 0 0.141 8
      13 13DSG-B11 方解石 3.318×105 12.98 / 0.087 8 0.184 30 0.340 8 0.006 8
      14 13DSG-B12 方解石 1.127×105 3.403 / 0.150 5 0.281 50 0.465 5 0.044 2
      15 13DSG-B13 方解石 6.251×104 0.877 / 0.749 7 0.213 10 0.297 3 0.854 6
      16 13DSG-B15 方解石 3.263×105 87.390 / / 0.063 63 0.423 9
      17 13DSG-B15 方解石 4.656×104 1.033 / 0.297 3 0.215 30 0.325 0 0.287 8
      18 13DSG-B17 方解石 6.576×104 26.010 / 0.294 7 0.308 30 0.516 0 0.011 3
        注:气相成分单位为μL/g;液相成分单位为10-6;由核工业地质矿产研究所测试.
      下载: 导出CSV
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    • 收稿日期:  2018-06-20
    • 刊出日期:  2018-07-15

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