Detrital Zircon Geochronology of Late Paleozoic Strata from Southern Hillside of Taiping Hill in Zhoukoudian Area, Beijing and Their Tectonic Implications
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摘要: 为了探讨华北板块北缘晚古生代的隆升历史和古亚洲洋的闭合过程，利用碎屑岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素和锆石微量元素组成对北京周口店太平山南坡晚石炭世-早二叠世地层进行物源分析，并判定源区的大地构造背景.5件样品的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄主要分布在3个时代：显生宙（285~425 Ma）、古元古代（1 700~2 450 Ma）和新太古代（2 500~2 747 Ma）.前寒武纪的锆石年龄主要集中在2.5 Ga和1.8 Ga，与华北克拉通的前寒武纪基底岩石相似.显生宙的锆石年龄主要集中在308~297 Ma，最年轻的峰值年龄在299~291 Ma，在误差范围内与地层沉积年龄相似，因此这些最年轻的碎屑锆石属于早二叠世同沉积锆石.29颗同沉积锆石的Hf同位素结果显示，原始176Hf/177Hf比值介于0.282 021~0.282 318，εHf（t）值介于-20.1~-9.6.显生宙锆石的年龄谱特征以及Hf同位素组成与内蒙古隆起同期的岩浆锆石特征十分相似，因此显生宙碎屑锆石可能来源于内蒙古隆起，并伴随有少量来自北侧兴蒙造山带南部的早古生代岛弧碎屑的输入.二叠纪同沉积锆石的微量元素特征表明锆石结晶的岩浆源区具有大陆岛弧的构造属性.上述数据表明：（1）华北板块北缘在晚石炭世-早二叠世为活动大陆边缘；（2）晚古生代古亚洲洋向华北北缘的持续俯冲消减导致了内蒙古隆起的快速隆升；（3）古亚洲洋闭合的时间应晚于早二叠世.Abstract: The Late Paleozoic siliciclastic rocks outcrop in the southern hillside of Taiping hill, Zhoukoudian area. In order to trace sediment provenance and unravel the tectonic evolution of the North China craton and its surrounding plates, U-Pb dating and Hf isotopic analyses were performed on detrital zircons from this succession. U-Pb ages of five samples can be divided into three groups:Phanerozoic (285-425 Ma), Paleoproterozoic (1 700-2 450 Ma) and Neoarchean (2 500-2 747 Ma). Precambrian zircons show obvious age peaks at 2.5 Ga and 1.8 Ga, which are similar to those of basement rocks of the North China Craton. Phanerozoic zircons from five samples are predominantly distributed in the range of 308-297 Ma, with the youngest peaks varying from 299 to 291 Ma. U-Pb ages of the youngest zircons are consistent with the Early Permian depositional age, suggesting that these zircons are synsedimentary detritus. Characteristics of age spectra of the Phanerozoic zircons are similar to those of coeval igneous rocks outcropped in the Inner Mongolia paleo-uplift to the north, which suggests the source of Phanerozoic zircons. The 176Hf/177Hf and εHf(t) values of 29 synsedimentary zircons range from 0.282 021 to 0.282 318 and -20.1 to -9.1, respectively, which are consistent with those of active arc rocks in the Inner Mongolia paleo-uplift, rather than the Xing-Meng orogenic belt. Minor detritus from the Early Paleozoic arc rocks in the southern orogen of the Xing-Meng orogen also flowed into the basin. Trace elements of Early Permian synsedimentary zircons are characterized by those of zircons crystallized in the environment of continent arc and active continental boundary. The results suggest that:(1) the northern margin of the North China craton was an Andean-type continental margin during the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian period, (2) rapid rise of the Inner Mongolia paleo-uplift was attributed to the subduction of Paleo-Asian ocean under the northern margin of the craton, and (3) closure of the Paleo-Asian ocean should be later than the Early Permian.
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Key words:
- North China craton /
- Zhoukoudian area /
- provenance /
- zircon /
- Paleo-Asian ocean /
- tectonics /
- geochronology
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图 1 (a) 研究区大地构造位置；(b)兴蒙造山带构造分区；(c)周口店区域地质图
图a修改自Zhang et al.(2007a)；图b修改自Jian et al.(2012)；图c修改自周口店幅1: 50 000地质图
Fig. 1. (a)Tectonic framework of North China craton and Central Asian orogenic belt; (b) geological sketch map of Xing-Meng orogenic belt; (c) detailed geological map of Zhoukoudian area
图 2 太平山南坡实测剖面
Fig. 2. Measured sectional mapping of the southern hillside of Taiping hill
图 3 周口店晚生代碎屑岩部分锆石阴极发光照片
Fig. 3. Respective CL images for analysed detrital zircons from Late Paleozoic strata in Zhoukoudian area
图 4 周口店太平山南坡下二叠统碎屑锆石U-Pb谐和图
年龄单位为Ma
Fig. 4. Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams for detrital zircons from the studied samples
图 5 周口店太平山南坡下二叠统碎屑锆石年龄谱
Fig. 5. U-Pb age distribution diagrams for detrital zircons from the Taiyuan, Shanxi and Yangjiatun Formations in the Zhoukoudian area
图 6 杨家屯组早二叠世碎屑锆石的Hf同位素特征
b图为a图红框区域放大部分.内蒙古隆起区域数据引用较多，如图b.兴蒙造山带数据来自Yang et al.(2006)；北京西山凝灰岩数据来自Zhang et al.(2007c)；孤山岩体数据来自Zhang et al.(2007b)；内蒙古隆起数据来自Zhang et al.(2009a)
Fig. 6. Hf isotopic of detrital zircons from Yangjiatun Formation in Zhoukoudian area
图 7 锆石U-Pb年龄与邻区岩浆岩体对比
图a，b，c分别为本文不同层位样品的锆石年龄数据；图a来自样品15ZKD-4、15ZKD-7；图b来自样品15ZKD-2、15ZKD-3；图c来自样品15ZKD-1；IMPU表示内蒙古隆起(图d)，数据来自Zhang et al.(2007a, 2007b, 2009a)；SAO表示南方造山带，NCC表示华北克拉通基底(图e)，数据来自Rojas-Agramonte et al.(2011)
Fig. 7. U-Pb age distribution diagram for detrital zircons
图 8 构造背景判别
a~d.同沉积锆石微量元素构造背景判别图(a和b为太原组同沉积锆石，c和d为杨家屯组同沉积锆石，修改自Yang et al.(2012)；e.积累曲线修改自Cawood et al.(2012)
Fig. 8. Tectonic background discrimination diagrams
图 9 华北北缘中－晚古生代构造演化模式
Fig. 9. Tectonic evolution of the northern margin of North China craton in Mid-Late Paleozoic
表 1 锆石Lu-Hf同位素分析结果
Table 1. Lu-Hf isotope analysis of zircons from Zhoukoudian area (sample 15ZKD-7)
编号 年龄 比值 εHf(t) tDM1(Ma) tDM2(Ma) fLu/Hf t(Ma) 176Yb/177Hf 1σ 176Lu/177Hf 1σ 176Hf/177Hf 1σ 1 302 0.001 316 0.000 595 0.057 293 0.000 017 0.282 318 0.000 013 -9.66 1 329.11 1 722.30 -0.960 37 2 301 0.001 251 0.000 962 0.045 521 0.000 028 0.282 053 0.000 013 -19.06 1 698.56 2 237.32 -0.962 31 3 296 0.001 041 0.001 455 0.040 156 0.000 021 0.282 140 0.000 014 -16.04 1 568.00 2 068.1 -0.968 63 4 313 0.002 051 0.002 842 0.094 317 0.000 081 0.282 216 0.000 018 -13.20 1 501.94 1 924.96 -0.938 23 5 299 0.000 674 0.001 226 0.029 290 0.000 022 0.282 317 0.000 012 -9.64 1 308.02 1 718.60 -0.979 71 6 304 0.000 945 0.000 467 0.035 241 0.000 011 0.282 145 0.000 015 -15.67 1 556.97 2 054.16 -0.971 52 7 310 0.000 762 0.000 839 0.030 615 0.000 010 0.282 150 0.000 016 -15.32 1 542.59 2 039.93 -0.977 04 8 299 0.001 274 0.001 385 0.047 786 0.000 037 0.282 143 0.000 017 -19.46 1 713.83 2 257.89 -0.961 64 9 306 0.001 026 0.000 540 0.036 940 0.000 010 0.282 085 0.000 013 -17.76 1 643.50 2 170.10 -0.969 09 10 303 0.001 495 0.001 805 0.057 087 0.000 029 0.282 075 0.000 014 -18.29 1 679.12 2 196.89 -0.954 96 11 297 0.001 505 0.000 741 0.056 254 0.000 012 0.282 042 0.000 016 -19.58 1 725.60 2 262.63 -0.954 67 12 299 0.000 675 0.001 047 0.025 713 0.000 019 0.282 146 0.000 015 -15.69 1 544.91 2 051.71 -0.979 68 13 296 0.000 764 0.000 699 0.027 271 0.000 011 0.282 102 0.000 017 -17.33 1 609.44 2 139.31 -0.977 00 14 309 0.001 399 0.001 796 0.049 840 0.000 062 0.282 108 0.000 016 -16.97 1 627.80 2 128.95 -0.957 87 15 304 0.001 412 0.000 710 0.051 770 0.000 013 0.282 021 0.000 017 -20.14 1 750.13 2 298.92 -0.957 47 16 295 0.000 924 0.000 995 0.035 976 0.000 025 0.282 120 0.000 016 -16.74 1 590.70 2 106.01 -0.972 18 17 294 0.001 411 0.000 664 0.051 129 0.000 018 0.282 075 0.000 017 -18.46 1 675.16 2 199.21 -0.957 51 18 297 0.001 118 0.000 582 0.039 416 0.000 024 0.282 127 0.000 012 -16.49 1 589.13 2 093.56 -0.966 33 19 290 0.000 538 0.001 207 0.023 096 0.000 021 0.282 061 0.000 014 -18.86 1 655.72 2 218.18 -0.983 79 20 290 0.000 757 0.001 457 0.027 270 0.000 033 0.282 124 0.000 015 -16.69 1 579.33 2 099.78 -0.977 18 21 295 0.000 798 0.000 494 0.029 036 0.000 011 0.282 110 0.000 012 -17.10 1 600.37 2 125.50 -0.975 97 22 300 0.000 729 0.000 309 0.025 178 0.000 002 0.282 151 0.000 014 -15.49 1 540.05 2 041.85 -0.978 04 23 302 0.001 219 0.000 565 0.043 450 0.000 009 0.282 085 0.000 013 -17.88 1 652.10 2 173.98 -0.963 27 24 299 0.002 103 0.000 716 0.076 302 0.000 027 0.282 090 0.000 017 -17.97 1 685.05 2 175.41 -0.936 65 25 293 0.001 294 0.000 956 0.045 145 0.000 037 0.282 105 0.000 013 -17.40 1 627.83 2 140.15 -0.961 02 26 290 0.000 891 0.000 658 0.031 924 0.000 021 0.282 118 0.000 012 -16.94 1 592.87 2 112.50 -0.973 16 27 306 0.001 044 0.000 654 0.036 147 0.000 014 0.282 106 0.000 012 -17.04 1 615.84 2 130.71 -0.968 55 28 313 0.000 613 0.000 188 0.024 631 0.000 004 0.282 092 0.000 013 -17.29 1 616.64 2 150.01 -0.981 52 29 312 0.001 283 0.001 071 0.043 075 0.000 044 0.282 118 0.000 016 -16.55 1 609.33 2 107.9 -0.961 34 
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表 2 华北北缘内蒙古隆起和南方造山带的岩浆活动记录
Table 2. Data of magmatism in Inner Mongolia paleo-uplift and Xing-Meng orogenic belt
岩体名 采样点 构造分区 岩性 锆石U-Pb t(Ma) εHf(t) 参考文献 孤山岩体 承德 内蒙古隆起 石英闪长岩 390±4 Zhang et al., 2007b 水泉沟岩体 赤城 内蒙古隆起 石英碱长岩 390±6 -11.8~-5.8 Zhang et al., 2007a 隆化岩体 隆化 内蒙古隆起 石英闪长岩 311±2 -20.7~-13.2 Zhang et al., 2009a 大光顶岩体 隆化 内蒙古隆起 石英闪长岩 324±6 -22.8~1.2 Zhang et al., 2009a 波罗诺岩体 波罗诺 内蒙古隆起 石英闪长岩 302±4 -38.3~-20.1 Zhang et al., 2009a 建平岩体 辽西 内蒙古隆起 闪长岩 304±2 Zhang et al., 2009a D315-1 建平 内蒙古隆起 石英闪长岩 252±4 Zhang et al., 2009a MT1-1 图灵凯蛇绿岩 南方造山带 石英闪长岩 454±2 Jian et al., 2008 MT1-4 图灵凯蛇绿岩 南方造山带 奥长花岗岩 472±2 Jian et al., 2008 MT1-8 图灵凯蛇绿岩 南方造山带 英云闪长岩 490±7 Jian et al., 2008 DRAB01 巴图岛弧 南方造山带 英云闪长岩 417±2 Jian et al., 2008 BYH01 巴图岛弧 南方造山带 石英闪长岩 440±2 Jian et al., 2008 BYH02 巴图岛弧 南方造山带 闪长岩 452±3 Jian et al., 2008 BNM04 白乃庙岛弧 南方造山带 流纹岩 474±7 Jian et al., 2008 BNM09 白乃庙岛弧 南方造山带 伟晶岩 411±8 Zhang et al., 2013 BNM01 白乃庙岛弧 南方造山带 英安岩 436±9 Zhang et al., 2013 BNM05 白乃庙岛弧 南方造山带 闪长岩 419±10 Zhang et al., 2013 T3S-1 北京西山 燕山构造带 凝灰岩 296±4 -15.9~-10.7 Zhang et al., 2007c YSH01-4 赤峰 赤峰－开原断裂带 流纹质凝灰岩 404±1 -22.0~-16.4 刘建峰等，2013
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