海相油气成藏定年技术及其对元坝气田长兴组天然气成藏年代的反演

王杰; 刘文汇; 陶成; 腾格尔; 席斌斌; 王萍; 杨华敏

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2018.605

海相油气成藏定年技术及其对元坝气田长兴组天然气成藏年代的反演

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.605

王杰^1,2,,
刘文汇^1,2,
陶成^1,2,
腾格尔^1,2,
席斌斌^1,2,
王萍^1,2,
杨华敏^1,2

1.
中国石油化工集团公司油气成藏重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126

基金项目:

中国石化股份公司科技部四川项目群 P16079

国家重点基金项目 U1663201

详细信息

作者简介:
王杰(1975-), 男, 高级工程师, 博士, 主要从事油气地质及有机地球化学研究

中图分类号: P597
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-03-04
- 刊出日期: 2018-06-15

Key Dating Methods of Reservoir Accumulation in Marine Strata and Their Applications to Natural Gas of the Changxing Formation in Yuanba Gas Field

Wang Jie^{1,2
,},
Liu Wenhui^1,2,
Tao Cheng^1,2,
Tenger^1,2,
Xi Binbin^1,2,
Wang Ping^1,2,
Yang Huamin^1,2

1.
Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms, SINOPEC, Wuxi 214126, China
2.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, Exploration and Producation Research Institute, SINOPEC, Wuxi 214126, China

摘要

摘要: 我国海相叠合盆地的油气特征及成藏过程表现出很强的复杂性，确定油气成藏年代极其困难，建立有效的成藏定年技术显得尤为迫切.为此基于稀有气体He年代积累效应和油气藏保存机制，建立了油气藏⁴He成藏定年地质模型及年龄估算公式，明确其为油气成藏定型时间；基于天然气⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar比值与源岩钾丰度及地质时代的关系，建立了追溯油气源岩时代的Ar同位素估算模型.磷灰石、锆石（U-Th）/He定年体系的封闭温度与含油气盆地生油气窗的温度范围较为一致，磷灰石、锆石（U-Th）/He年龄可以揭示含油气盆地抬升剥蚀时间、由构造抬升导致的油气藏调整时间，建立了固体沥青、原油中沥青质提取、溶样、Re-Os纯化富集及分离等Re-Os同位素测年前处理技术，可以直接确定固体沥青、原油等的形成时间.按照含油气系统成藏地质要素形成时间或发生时间先后顺序，提出了从确定源岩形成-油气生成-运移充注-调整改造-成藏定型等成藏过程的定年技术序列.开展四川盆地元坝气田源岩时代、生排烃、运移充注、调整改造及成藏定型等关键过程的时间节点综合研究，明确了元坝气田的主力气源为上二叠统龙潭组烃源岩，两期原油充注时间分别为220~175 Ma、168~140 Ma；油裂解气发生在140~118 Ma，元坝地区约97 Ma以来发生构造抬升，尤其15 Ma以来气-水界面发生调整，约在12~8 Ma气藏最终定型并形成现今的气藏格局.
- He、Ar成藏定年模型 /
- Re-Os同位素定年法 /
- U-Th/He定年 /
- 元坝气田 /
- 成藏关键时间节点 /
- 石油地质
Abstract: Petroleum characteristics and accumulation of the marine superimposed basins show strong complexity, which makes it difficult to determine key time of reservoir accumulation. It is urgent to establish effective dating methods for hydrocarbon source age, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion time, reservoir adjustment and stabilization time. On the basis of helium age accumulation effect and reservoir preservation mechanism, the helium dating model and age estimating formulas are put forward to determine the time of reservoir formation and stabilization retention after large scale of petroleum charging in this paper. According to the relationships between the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar ratio of natural gas, potassium abundance of source rock and the geological time, argon isotopic estimation model on the source rock age is fitting by many parameters. Based on the closure temperature on U-Th/He dating system of apatite and zircon being consistent with the temperature scope of hydrocarbon generation in sedimentary basin, uplift time and reservoir transformation time induced by tectonic uplift are revealed by means of time and closure temperature difference of close system in apatite and zircon, and geothermal gradient of sedimentary basin. By means of a series of condition test, pretreatment techniques including asphaltene extraction, acid dissolving, rhenium-osmium purity, enrichment and separation are established. Re-Os isotopic dating can be used to directly date hydrocarbon source rock, solid bitumen, oil and oil sand and offer hydrocarbon generation and migration time. According to priority of the formation time or occurrence time of geological part of reservoir, the key dating technologies to determine source rock age, hydrocarbon generating time, charging time, reservoir adjustment and stabilization time are established. By means of dating technologies, the key time including source rock age, hydrocarbon charging time, gas reservoir adjustment and stabilization time are determined in Yuanba gas field in Sichuan basin. It is indicated that the main gas source is composed of the Longtan Formation hydrocarbon source rocks, and two stages crude oil charging time being from 220 Ma to 175 Ma and from 168 Ma to 140 Ma, large scale crude oil began to crack into gas between 140 Ma and 118 Ma.Tectonic uplift began to occur since 97 Ma, especially since 15 Ma, gas and water interface began to adjust until gas reservoir kept stabilization between 12 Ma and 8 Ma.
- He and Ar dating model /
- Re-Os isotopic chronology /
- U-Th/He dating method /
- Yuanba gas field /
- crucial time of reservoir accumulation /
- petroleum geology

HTML全文

图 1 四川盆地元坝气田构造位置

Fig. 1. The structural location map of Yuanba gas field in Sichuan basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 流体包裹体古温压恢复过程示意

Fig. 2. The process diagram of the paleo temperature-pressure recovery of fluid inclusions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 反演油气成藏关键过程的定年技术序列

Fig. 3. The dating technique series to infer the key time of petroleum accumulation process

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 元坝气田流体包裹体显微照片

Fig. 4. Microscopic photographs of fluid inclusions in Yuanba gas field

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 元坝气田热史—埋藏史及成藏关键过程的时间节点

Fig. 5. The key time of petroleum accumulation and thermal-burial history of Yuanba gas field

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 元坝气田长兴组天然气氩同位素组成数据

Table 1. The argon isotope compositions of the Changxing Formation natural gas in Yuanba gas field

井号	层位	深度(m)	Ar浓度(%)	⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar
元坝1	P₂ch	7 330.7~7 367.6	0.001	507.0
元坝221	P₂ch	6 686~6 720	0.010	304.9
元坝222	P₂ch	7 020~7 030	0.008	353.3
元坝224	P₂ch	6 625~6 636	0.029	458.0
元坝273	P₂ch	6 811~6 880	0.036	475.0
元坝103H	P₂ch	7 729.8	0.001	595.0

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表 2 元坝气田长兴组天然气⁴He丰度、氦同位素组成数据

Table 2. The ⁴He abundances and helium isotope compositions of the Changxing Formation natural gas in Yuanba gas field

气井	地层	井深(m)	⁴He(10^-6)	²⁰Ne(10^-6)	³He/⁴He	⁴He/²⁰Ne
元坝9	P₂ch	6 840	112	0.5	1.1×10^-8	245
元坝27	P₂ch	6 280	227	0.2	1.0×10^-8	1 115
元坝204	P₂ch	6 550	121	0.2	0.8×10^-8	517
元坝224	P₂ch	6 625	120	-	5.5×10^-9	-
元坝273	P₂ch	6 811	160	-	6.2×10^-9	-
元坝103	P₂ch	7 729	87	0.34	7.2×10^-9	256
	平均值		138	0.3	1.0×10^-8	626

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