Comprehensive Geophysical Study on Stratigraphic Distribution Regularities and Tectonic Frameworks in Barkol Basin
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摘要: 巴里坤盆地夹持于麦钦乌拉岛弧和哈尔里克岛弧之间，其地层展布、断裂构造、油气成藏、盆山关系均不明确.使用大地电磁测深、航磁、地震等方法对其开展综合研究.研究表明：新生界沉积较薄，中生界及上二叠统地层从盆地中心向四周逐渐减薄，下二叠统和石炭系地层山前沉积略厚、向南逐渐变薄；盆地内部存在12条断裂，大多数为近东西走向的逆冲断裂，这些断裂构成研究区的基本构造格架；盆地可划分为北部斜坡、哈尔里克逆冲带、巴里坤坳陷三个二级构造单元；巴里坤坳陷大河构造为油气成藏的有利区域；南边哈尔里克山呈北西向向盆地内逆冲推覆，与盆地以哈尔里克断裂为界，盆地与北边麦钦乌拉山与以麦钦乌拉断裂为界，与西边博格达山以冬屋断裂为界.Abstract: The Barkol basin is sandwiched between the Maqinwula Island Arc and the Harlic Island Arc. Until now, its internal stratigraphic distribution, fault structure, hydrocarbon accumulation and basin-mountain relationship are still not clear. In this paper, geophysical and geological methods such as magnetotelluric sounding, aeromagnetic, and seismic methods are adopted to carry out comprehensive research. The research results show that the Cenozoic sediments are relatively thin, and the Mesozoic and Upper Permian strata have the characteristics of thinning gradually from the center of the basin to the periphery. The Lower Permian and Carboniferous strata are characterized by thick Piedmont deposits and thinning southward. There are 12 faults in the basin, the strike of which is nearly east-west, most of which are thrust faults. These faults constitute the basic tectonic framework of the study area. The basin is divided into three secondary structural units:the northern slope, the Harlic thrust belt and the Barkol depression. The Dahe structure in the Barkol depression is a favorable area for hydrocarbon accumulation. The southern Mount Harlic is thrusting northwest into the basin that is bounded by the Harlic fault. The basin and the northern Mt. Maqinwula are bounded by the Mt. Maqinwula fault, and the western Mt. Bogda fault is bounded by the Dongwu fault.
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Key words:
- Barkol basin /
- magnetotelluric sounding /
- tectonic grid /
- geophysics /
- petroleum entrapment
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图 4 巴里坤盆地地震反射剖面解释图
Fig. 4. The seismic reflection section interpretation map of the Barkol basin
图 8 巴里坤盆地新生界底界面海拔埋深
Fig. 8. Elevation depth map of the Cenozoic bottom boundary in the Barkol basin
图 9 巴里坤盆地中生界-上二叠统地层厚度分布
Fig. 9. Distribution of the Mesozoic-Upper Permian stratum thickness in the Barkol basin
图 10 巴里坤盆地下二叠统-石炭系地层厚度分布
Fig. 10. Distribution of the Lower Permian-Carboniferous strata in the Barkol basin
图 11 巴里坤盆地石炭系底界面埋深厚度
Fig. 11. Thickness map of the Carboniferous bottom boundary interface in the Barkol basin
图 13 巴里坤盆地构造单元划分和石炭系油气远景预测图
Fig. 13. Block diagram of the structural unit and carbonate prospective map of the Carboniferous in the Barkol basin
表 1 巴里坤盆地构造单元划分
Table 1. Structural units in the Barkol basin
构造单元 面积(km2) 石炭系底界最大埋深(m) P1+C厚度(m) Ⅰ级 Ⅱ级 Ⅲ级 北部斜坡 825 0 0~1 700 巴里坤盆地 巴里坤坳陷 冬屋断隆 221 0 1 200~2100 萨尔乔克斜坡 373 0 500~1500 巴里坤凹陷 426 -2 400 900~2100 大河构造(隆起) 402 -600 1 200~1800 奎苏断凹 426 -2 000 1 200~1800 哈尔里克逆冲带 417 0 0~900 注：(1)构造单元面积通过Suffer和奥维地图软件测量；(2)石炭系底界最大埋深和P1+C厚度是通过Suffer(二维)和Geosoft(三维)软件相结合测量11条电法剖面所得；(3)石炭系底界最大埋深测量误差为±300 m，P1+C厚度测量误差为600 m. 
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