Seismic Survey in Huatung Basin and Its Tectonic Significance
-
摘要: 花东海盆位于欧亚板块与菲律宾海板块交汇处，是现今西太平洋俯冲体系中唯一遗留的早白垩纪洋盆，是研究西太平洋俯冲构造演化与动力学机制的一个关键区域.前期研究发现，关于花东海盆的基础科学问题迫切需要解决：花东海盆的性质、年龄及形成演化历史如何?南北走向的加瓜海脊是花东海盆的东部边界吗?其隆升机制和构造属性如何?花东海盆的西部边界是马尼拉俯冲带吗?其各构造单元流体作用及其与花东海盆的构造关系如何?为了解决上述科学问题，在花东海盆开展主动源与被动源的综合地球物理探测和地质采样是非常必要的.一方面，可以采用纵/横波联合反演方法获取花东海盆及其东/西边界的深达地幔的精细速度结构，为构建西太平洋俯冲构造体系跨圈层的构造演化模式提供重要的地质地球物理证据，另一方面，为中国未来在花东海盆大洋钻探计划提供重要的基础数据.Abstract: In the western Pacific,the Huatung basin (HB) might be a unique Early-Cretaceous oceanic basin located at the junction between the Philippine Sea plate (PSP) and Eurasia plate (EU). The HB is the key region to understand the geodynamic evolution of the western Pacific as a whole. It is a natural laboratory to investigate the interaction between the Earth's hydrosphere and lithosphere of a subduction system. Some essential scientific questions are essential toneed to be addressed based on the previous research.What is the nature and age of the crust in the HB? What is its history of formation and evolution? What is the uplift mechanism andtectonic nature of the NS-oriented Gagua ridge? For the Manila subduction zone,acting as the western boundary of the HB,what is the water content in the sediments and in the upper and lower crust of the subducting slab determined by the detailed seismic velocity structure? What is the mechanism of water emplacement? An active- and passive-source seismic experiment is necessary to be carried out also including sample dredges in near future. The crustal and mantle velocity structure beneath the HB could be acquired by the use of joint inversion of P- and S-waves. These research will not only provide geophysical constraints to understand the interaction of the Earth's hydrosphere and lithosphere of a subduction system,but will also contribute to the understanding of the tectonic framework of the western Pacific. More importantly,it is a pre-requisite before getting drilling ground truth in the HB.
-
Key words:
- Huatung basin /
- deep seismic survey /
- Gagua Ridge /
- Manila subduction zone /
- tectonic evolution mechanism /
- geophysics
-
图 1 花东海盆区域构造位置与水深地形
黄色方框为图 2范围
Fig. 1. The regional tectonic map and bathymetric topography of Huatung basin
图 2 花东海盆及邻区的深地震探测现状
OBS1995、OBS2015⁃2、T1⁃T5测线、OBS2016⁃2和三维网格3D⁃2016测线为研究区已有的OBS深地震测线；白色实线为10条长缆多道反射测线（H1⁃H8, V1⁃V2）；粉红色实线是MCS973反射地震剖面.黄星（RD19和RD20）为辉长岩样品位置；绿色圆为IODP井位DSDP293
Fig. 2. Locations of deep seismic profiles in the Huatung basin and adjacent areas
图 3 花东海盆TAIGER计划中4条测线初至波层析成像速度结构图
据Eakin et al.（2015）.a、b、c和d分别为T5、T4A、T2和T1b测线的速度结构，测线位置见图 2；白色虚线和M是根据反射剖面推测的Moho界面；HB：花东海盆；GA：加瓜海脊；NLA：北吕宋岛弧；WPB：西菲律宾海盆
Fig. 3. First⁃arrival tomographic models along T1b, T2, T4A and T5 profiles across Huatung Basin in TAIGER plan
图 5 花东海盆及其东/西部板块边界的三维海底地形图及各圈层相互作用示意图
Fig. 5. Three⁃dimensional topographic map of Huatung basin and schematic diagram of multi⁃layers interaction
-
Balmater, H. G., Manalo, P. C., Faustino-Eslava, D. V., et al., 2015. Paleomagnetism of the Samar Ophiolite:Implications for the Cretaceous Sub-Equatorial Position of the Philippine Island Arc. Tectonophysics, 664:214-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2015.09.024 Collot, J. Y., Lamarche, G., Wood, R. A., et al., 1995. Morphostructure of an Incipient Subduction Zone along a Transform Plate Boundary:Puysegur Ridge and Trench. Geology, 23(6):519. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0519:moaisz>2.3.co;2 doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1995)023<0519:moaisz>2.3.co;2 Deschamps, A., Lallemand, S., Collot, J.Y., 1998. A Detailed Study of the Gagua Ridge:a Fracture Zone Uplifted during a Plate Reorganization in the Mid-Eocene. Mar. Geophys. Res., 20(5):403-423. doi: 10.1023/A:1004650323183 Deschamps, A., Monié, P., Lallemand, S., et al., 2000. Evidence for Early Cretaceous Oceanic Crust Trapped in the Philippine Sea Plate. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 179(3/4):503-516. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0012-821x(00)00136-9 Doo, W. B., Lo, C. L., Hsu, S. K., et al., 2018. New Gravity Anomaly Map of Taiwan and its Surrounding Regions with some Tectonic Interpretations. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 154:93-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2017.12.010 Eakin, D. H., McIntosh, K. D., Van Avendonk, H. J. A., et al., 2015. New Geophysical Constraints on a Failed Subduction Initiation:The Structure and Potential Evolution of the Gagua Ridge and Huatung Basin. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 16(2):380-400. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gc005548 Gutscher, M. A., Klingelhoefer, F., Theunissen, T., et al., 2016. Thermal Modeling of the SW Ryukyu Forearc (Taiwan):Implications for the Seismogenic Zone and the Age of the Subducting Philippine Sea Plate (Huatung Basin). Tectonophysics, 692:131-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2016.03.029 Hall, R., 2002. Cenozoic Geological and Plate Tectonic Evolution of SE Asia and the SW Pacific:Computer-Based Reconstructions, Model and Animations. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 20(4):353-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1367-9120(01)00069-4 Hall, R., Fuller, M., Ali, J.R., et al., 1995. The Philippine Sea Plate: Magnetism and Reconstructions. Geophysical Monograph Series, London, 371-404. Hilde, T. W. C., Chao-Shing, L., 1984. Origin and Evolution of the West Philippine Basin: A New Interpretation. Tectonophysics, 102(1/2/3/4): 85-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(84)90009-x Hsu, S. K., Liu, C. S., Shyu, C. T., et al., 1998. New Gravity and Magnetic Anomaly Maps in the Taiwan-Luzon Region and their Preliminary Interpretation. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 9(3):509. https://doi.org/10.3319/tao.1998.9.3.509(taicrust) Huang, C. Y., 2017. Geological Ages of Taiwan Stratigraphy and Tectonic Events. Scientia Sinica Terrae, 47:394-405 (in Chinese). doi: 10.1360/N072017-00023 Huang, C.Y., Wang, P. C., Yu, M. M., et al., 2019. Potential Role of Strike-Slip Faults in Opening up the South China Sea. National Science Review, 6(5):891-901. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwz119 Jian, Z. M., 2018. Towards the Scientific Frontier of Deep-Sea Research:Progress of Chinaxs Participation in Ocean Drilling. Chinese Science Bulletin, 63(36):3877-3882 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1360/N972018-01159 Kuo, B. Y., Chi, W. C., Lin, C. R., et al., 2009. Two-Station Measurement of Rayleigh-Wave Phase Velocities for the Huatung Basin, the Westernmost Philippine Sea, with OBS:Implications for Regional Tectonics. Geophysical Journal International, 179(3):1859-1869. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2009.04391.x Lee, T. Y., Lawver, L. A., 1995. Cenozoic Plate Reconstruction of Southeast Asia. Tectonophysics, 251(1/2/3/4):85-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(95)00023-2 Li, C. F., Xu, X., Lin, J., et al., 2014. Ages and Magnetic Structures of the South China Sea Constrained by Deep Tow Magnetic Surveys and IODP Expedition 349. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 15(12):4958-4983. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014gc005567 Li, C. F., Zhou, Z. Y., Li, J. B., et al., 2007. Pre-Collisional Tectonics and Terrain Amalgamation Offshore Southern Taiwan:Characterizations from Reflection Seismic and Potential Field Data. Scientia Sinica Terrae, 37(5):649-659 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1007/s11430-007-0025-9 Li, J. B., 2011. Dynamics of the Continental Margins of South China Sea:Scientific Experiments and Research Progresses. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 54(12):2993-3003 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1002/cjg2.1671/full Li, Z. H., Yang, S. T., Liu, Q. M., et al., 2019. Aqueous Fluid Activity and Its Effects in the Subduction Zones:A Systematic Numerical Modeling Study. Earth Science, 44(12):3984-3992 (in Chinese with English abstract). Lin, J., Li, J. B., Xu, Y. G., et al., 2019. Ocean Drilling and Major Advances in Marine Geological and Geophysical Research of the South China Sea. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 41(10):125-140 (in Chinese with English abstract). Lin, J., Xu, M., Zhou, Z. Y., et al., 2017. Ocean Drilling Investigation of the Global Subduction Processes. Advances in Earth Science, 32(12):1253-1266 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-DXJZ201712005.htm Liu, S. Q., Zhao, M. H., Sibuet, J. C., et al., 2018. Geophysical Constraints on the Lithospheric Structure in the Northeastern South China Sea and its Implications for the South China Sea Geodynamics. Tectonophysics, 742-743:101-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2018.06.002 Niu, Y. L., Shen, F. Y., Chen, Y. H., et al., 2018. The Geologically Testable Hypothesis on Subduction Initiation and Actions. Earth Science Frontier, 25(6):51-66 (in Chinese with English abstract). Queaño, K. L., Ali, J. R., Milsom, J., et al., 2007. North Luzon and the Philippine Sea Plate Motion Model:Insights Following Paleomagnetic, Structural, and Age-Dating Investigations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 112(B5):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jb004506 Queaño, K. L., Ali, J. R., Pubellier, M., et al., 2009. Reconstructing the Mesozoic-Early Cenozoic Evolution of Northern Philippines:Clues from Palaeomagnetic Studies on the Ophiolitic Basement of the Central Cordillera. Geophysical Journal International, 178(3):1317-1326. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.2009.04221.x Queaño, K. L., Marquez, E. J., Aitchison, J. C., et al., 2013. Radiolarian Biostratigraphic Data from the Casiguran Ophiolite, Northern Sierra Madre, Luzon, Philippines:Stratigraphic and Tectonic Implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 65:131-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.10.024 Sandwell, D. T., Müller, R. D., Smith, W. H. F., et al., 2014. New Global Marine Gravity Model from CryoSat-2 and Jason-1 Reveals Buried Tectonic Structure. Science, 346(6205):65-67. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1258213 Sibuet, J. C., Deffontaines, B., Hsu, S. K., et al., 1998. Okinawa Trough Backarc Basin:Early Tectonic and Magmatic Evolution. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 103(B12):30245-30267. https://doi.org/10.1029/98jb01823 Sibuet, J. C., Hsu, S. K., Le Pichon, X., et al., 2002. East Asia Plate Tectonics since 15 Ma:Constraints from the Taiwan Region. Tectonophysics, 344(1/2):103-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-1951(01)00202-5 Stern, R.J., 2002. Subduction Zones. Rev. Geophys., 40(4):1012, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001RG000108. Sun, M. J., Gao, H. F., Li, X. J., et al., 2018. Sedimentary Characteristics and Origin of Taitung Canyon in Eastern Waters of Taiwan Island. Earth Science, 43(10):3709-3718 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-DQKX201810031.htm Sun, W. D., Ding, X., Hu, Y. H., et al., 2007. The Golden Transformation of the Cretaceous Plate Subduction in the West Pacific. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 262(3/4):533-542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.08.021 Tian, Z. X., Yan, Y., Huang, C.Y., et al., 2019. Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Accreted Mafic Rocks from the Hengchun Peninsula, Southern Taiwan:Origin and Tectonic Implications. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 124(3):2469-2491. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb016562 Wang, P. X., 2018. Fifty Years of Scientific Ocean Drilling:Review and Prospect. Chinese Science Bulletin, 63(36):3868-3876 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1360/N972018-01162 Wang, P. X., 2019. Ocean Drilling and Marine Geology in China. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 39(1):7-14 (in Chinese with English abstract). Wu, J., Suppe, J., Lu, R. Q., et al., 2016. Philippine Sea and East Asian Plate Tectonics since 52 Ma Constrained by New Subducted Slab Reconstruction Methods. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 121(6):4670-4741. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jb012923 Xu, M., Di, H. Z., Zhou, Z. Y., et al., 2019. Interaction between Hydrosphere and Lithosphere in Subduction Zones. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 39(5):1-12 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-HYDZ201905005.htm Zhao, M. H., Du, F., Wang, Q., et al., 2018. Current Status and Challenges for Three-Dimensional Deep Seismic Survey in the South China Sea. Earth Science, 43(10):3749-3761 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://www.researchgate.net/publication/329984216_Current_Status_and_Challenges_for_Three-Dimensional_Deep_Seismic_Survey_in_the_South_China_Sea Zhao, M. H., Qiu, X. L., Xia, S. H., et al., 2008. Large Volume Air-Gun Sources and Its Seismic Waveform Characters. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 51(2):558-565 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1002/cjg2.1229/full Zhao, M. H., Sibuet, J. C., Wu, J., et al., 2019. Intermingled Fates of the South China Sea and Philippine Sea Plate. National Science Review, 6(5):886-890. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwz107 Zhou, D., Sun, Z., 2017. Plate Evolution in the Pacific Domain since Late Mesozoic and Its Inspiration to Tectonic Research of East Asia Margin. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 36(3):1-19 (in Chinese with English abstract). http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-RDHY201703001.htm Zhu, R. X., Chen, L., Wu, F. Y., et al., 2011. Timing, Scale and Mechanism of the Destruction of the North China Craton. Sci. China Earth Sci., 41(5):583-592 (in Chinese with English abstract). Zhu, R. X., Xu, Y. G., Zhu, G., et al., 2012. Destruction of the North China Craton. Sci. China Earth Sci., 42(8):1135-1159 (in Chinese with English abstract). 黄奇瑜, 2017.台湾岛的年龄.中国科学, 47(4):394-405. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK201704003.htm 翦知湣, 2018.进军深海科学前沿-我国参与大洋钻探的进展.科学通报, 63(36):3877-3882. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB201836010.htm 李春峰, 周祖翼, 李家彪, 等, 2007.台湾岛南部海域的前碰撞构造地球物理特征.中国科学, 37(5):649-659. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK200705008.htm 李家彪, 2011.南海大陆边缘动力学:科学实验与研究进展.地球物理学报, 54(12):2993-3003. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.12.002 李忠海, 杨舒婷, 刘明启, 等, 2019.板块俯冲带水流体活动及其效应的定量化数值模拟.地球科学, 44(12):3984-3992. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2019.232 林间, 徐敏, 周志远, 等, 2017.全球俯冲带大洋钻探进展与启示.地球科学进展, 32(12):1253-1266. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.12.1253 林间, 李家彪, 徐义刚, 等, 2019.南海大洋钻探及海洋地质与地球物理前沿研究新突破.海洋学报, 41(10):125-140. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SEAC201910008.htm 牛耀龄, 沈芳宇, 陈艳虹, 等, 2018.俯冲带形成机制的可检验假说和检验方案.地学前缘, 25(6):51-66. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY201806006.htm 孙美静, 高红芳, 李学杰, 2018.台湾东部海域台东峡谷沉积特征及其成因.地球科学, 43(10):3709-3718. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2017.515 汪品先, 2018.大洋钻探五十年:回顾与前瞻.科学通报, 63(36):3868-3876. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB201836009.htm 汪品先, 2019.大洋钻探与中国的海洋地质.海洋地质与第四纪地质, 39(1):7-14. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYDZ201901002.htm 徐敏, 狄会哲, 周志远, 等, 2019.俯冲带水圈-岩石圈相互作用研究进展与启示.海洋地质与第四纪地质, 39(5):1-12. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYDZ201905005.htm 赵明辉, 杜峰, 王强, 等, 2018.南海海底地震仪三维深地震探测的进展及挑战.地球科学, 43(10):3749-3761. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2018.573 赵明辉, 丘学林, 夏少红, 等, 2008.大容量气枪震源及其波形特征.地球物理学报, 51(2):558-565. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5733.2008.02.028 周蒂, 孙珍, 2017.晚中生代以来太平洋域板块过程及其对东亚陆缘构造研究的启示.热带海洋学报, 36(3):1-19. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-RDHY201703001.htm 朱日祥, 陈凌, 吴福元, 等, 2011.华北克拉通破坏的时间、范围与机制.中国科学:地球科学, 41(5):583-592. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK201105001.htm 朱日祥, 徐义刚, 朱光, 等, 2012.华北克拉通破坏.中国科学:地球科学, 42(8):1135-1159. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK201208002.htm -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(6)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1043
- HTML全文浏览量: 1122
- PDF下载量: 108
- 被引次数: 0
