Petrogenesis and Geological Significance of ca. 860 Ma Dikes in Southern Huangling Anticline, Yangtze Craton
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摘要: 首次报道了扬子克拉通黄陵背斜南部由辉绿岩脉、花岗闪长岩脉和正长花岗岩脉组成的新元古代早期小型岩墙.辉绿岩脉和花岗闪长岩脉的锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为856±6.4 Ma和860±6.0 Ma.全岩主量和微量元素数据显示岩墙中辉绿岩具有高Pb含量，且Ba/Nb和La/Nb比值变化较大，而花岗闪长岩脉和正长花岗岩脉样品的Y和Nb含量较低，结合继承性锆石年龄分布特征，暗示岩墙形成过程中遭受了不同程度的年轻岛弧地壳物质混染.黄陵南部~860 Ma小型岩墙的发现，表明扬子克拉通在早于该时期已进入后碰撞的伸展构造环境.综合区域已有资料，认为扬子克拉通前寒武纪基底的裂解在时空上均表现出较大差异.Abstract: It reports the first occurrence of Early Neoproterozoic dike swarm located in the southern Huangling anticline, Yangtze craton, which is composed of diabase, granodiorite and syengranite. Zircon U-Pb dating of diabasic and granodioritic dikes yields weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of 856±6.4 Ma and 860±6.0 Ma, respectively, which are interpreted as the formation ages of the dike swarm. Whole-rock geochemical results show that diabasic dikes show high contents of Pb, variable Ba/Nb and La/Nb ratios, however, the granodioritic and syengranitic dikes have relative low contents of Y and Nb. In combination with age spectrums of inherited zircons from analytical dikes, it is proposed that the dike swarm experienced a certain crustal contamination of juvenile island arc during formed process. Document of ca. 860 Ma dike swarm in the southern Huangling anticline indicates that the Yangtze craton entered into the post-collisional extensional environment before 860 Ma. Therefore, it is inferred that Precambrian basement breakup of the Yangtze craton shows difference in spatial-temporal distribution.
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图 1 黄陵背斜区域地质图（修编自Wei et al., 2012）
Fig. 1. Geological map of the Huangling anticline, Yangtze craton (modified after Wei et al., 2012)
图 2 黄陵背斜南部地区简要地质图(修编自Peng et al., 2012b)
Fig. 2. Geological map of southern Huangling anticline (modified after Peng et al., 2012b)
图 3 岩墙野外地质照片
a.小溪口地区辉绿岩脉岩墙；b.小渔村地区岩墙主要由辉绿岩脉、正长花岗岩脉和花岗闪长岩脉组成；c.小溪口地区辉绿岩脉被晚期花岗岩侵入；d和e.辉绿岩脉呈“楔子”型式侵入正长花岗岩，且可见到典型的冷凝边结构；f.正长花岗岩脉和花岗闪长岩脉平行出露
Fig. 3. Field photos of the dike swarm
图 4 岩墙岩性单元显微照片
a.辉绿岩脉主要由角闪石和斜长石组成，具弱定向构造；b.正长花岗岩脉主要有钾长石、斜长石和石英等矿物；c.花岗闪长岩脉可观察到斜长石、石英、角闪石、钾长石和黑云母等矿物；d.正长花岗岩中的蠕英结构.Py.辉石；Hb.角闪石；Pl.斜长石；Kfs.钾长石；Qtz.石英
Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of rock units in the dike swarm
图 5 黄陵背斜南部岩墙中岩脉硅碱图(据Le Maitre，1989)
Fig. 5. TAS diagram of the dikes in the southern Huangling anticline (after Le Maitre, 1989)
图 6 黄陵背斜南部岩墙中辉绿岩脉(a, b)、正长花岗岩脉以及花岗闪长岩脉(c, d)稀土配分图和微量元素蛛网图
球粒陨石标准化和原始地幔数据据Sun and McDonough（1989）
Fig. 6. Chondrite- and primitive mantle-normalized diagrams for the diabase (a, b), and granodiorite and syengranite (c, d) from the dike swarm in the southern Huangling anticline
图 7 辉绿岩脉和花岗闪长岩脉锆石U-Pb谐和图
Fig. 7. Zircon U-Pb concordia plots for the diabasic and granodioritic dikes
图 8 辉绿岩脉不活动元素构造判别图解(据Agrawal et al., 2008)
Fig. 8. Log-transformed immobile trace element tectonic discrimination diagrams for the diabasic dikes in the southern Huangling anticline (after Agrawal et al., 2008)
表 1 黄陵背斜南部辉绿岩脉、正长花岗岩脉和花岗闪长岩脉主量(%)和微量(10-6)元素分析结果
Table 1. Major (%) and trace (10-6) element compositions of the dikes in the southern Huangling anticline
样品号 17MY-19 17MY-20 17MY-21 17MY-27 17MY-28 17MY-28* 13XX-11 17MY-23 17MY-18 17MY-24 17MY-26 13XX-03 17MY-17 17MY-22 辉绿岩脉 正长花岗岩脉 花岗闪长岩脉 SiO2 47.82 48.62 48.39 53.32 54.44 51.57 53.14 72.88 74.33 74.61 61.94 72.56 76.24 CaO 10.19 10.25 10.26 6.26 8.01 7.69 6.71 0.94 2.94 1.41 6.01 1.45 2.69 Fe2O3T 16.52 12.98 13.15 14.85 8.53 7.29 13.58 0.69 1.33 0.94 6.51 1.72 0.96 Al2O3 12.69 14.07 13.15 13.94 17.25 22.56 14.04 15.13 14.27 13.81 14.61 14.98 13.69 MgO 6.59 8.47 8.66 4.40 4.41 2.58 5.05 0.09 0.37 0.12 3.93 0.37 0.24 MnO 0.26 0.23 0.25 0.31 0.22 0.15 0.24 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.20 0.05 0.06 Na2O 1.79 1.95 2.16 4.09 3.80 4.95 3.51 3.70 4.76 3.67 5.13 3.90 3.92 K2O 1.02 0.59 0.92 0.28 0.47 0.67 0.66 5.95 0.89 4.10 0.33 3.90 1.06 P2O5 0.25 0.12 0.13 0.15 0.13 0.38 0.13 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.02 TiO2 1.67 0.99 1.10 1.56 1.02 1.06 1.35 0.03 0.12 0.03 0.43 0.17 0.04 LOI 0.72 0.91 1.16 0.40 0.77 0.89 0.83 0.27 0.57 1.25 0.73 0.58 0.63 Total 99.50 99.18 99.30 99.56 99.05 99.79 99.23 99.73 99.60 100.02 99.88 99.74 99.54 V 411.6 233.8 241.2 403.9 197.7 202.6 285.8 15.1 2.2 3.2 372.0 63.3 17.8 7.5 Cr 70.2 447.9 494.8 6.5 160.5 165.1 289.6 2.9 34.8 57.7 22.6 27.2 43.1 61.7 Ni 66.9 208.6 230.2 19.7 41.8 42.9 111.6 29.4 2.1 4.5 10.0 47.1 8.5 8.8 Ga 17.07 18.31 18.14 19.80 18.95 18.93 15.49 22.64 21.08 15.74 18.73 14.36 18.43 17.96 Rb 24.85 14.71 24.43 6.93 13.00 13.14 66.12 38.67 171.46 113.05 26.51 62.57 112.84 33.44 Sr 154.8 316.6 254.7 172.1 202.5 202.5 238.5 215.7 92.4 177.1 192.4 205.6 321.6 370.3 Y 34.58 21.40 26.09 39.58 45.64 45.74 12.30 45.72 28.81 7.08 40.57 23.55 6.47 12.71 Zr 62.3 92.0 76.4 102.5 336.6 362.7 20.9 124.5 22.6 30.8 96.8 35.6 142.4 101.6 Nb 13.85 3.97 5.11 2.59 8.48 8.65 2.57 39.52 12.71 8.54 2.94 7.16 8.37 3.41 Ba 162.4 288.0 378.0 91.4 98.9 100.2 508.4 148.8 223.2 763.4 122.3 335.7 1 009.0 469.8 La 12.78 14.58 16.78 5.99 12.93 13.27 4.61 18.64 17.24 5.65 6.51 22.78 22.96 17.67 Ce 28.64 32.93 37.62 15.30 29.93 30.33 10.60 40.49 33.02 10.57 14.96 52.90 44.48 38.23 Pr 4.10 4.43 5.26 2.54 3.51 3.55 1.68 4.43 4.29 1.33 2.50 6.06 4.31 4.10 Nd 18.01 19.01 22.33 13.00 15.65 15.62 8.10 16.34 17.19 5.14 12.32 25.16 14.46 14.46 Sm 4.63 4.32 5.12 4.07 4.52 4.54 2.59 4.74 5.00 1.45 4.00 5.60 2.19 3.46 Eu 1.51 1.42 1.78 1.47 1.41 1.46 0.97 0.60 0.50 0.55 1.34 1.24 0.78 0.62 Gd 5.24 4.07 5.01 5.30 5.60 5.88 3.21 5.26 5.15 1.18 5.29 5.62 1.51 2.97 Tb 0.90 0.66 0.80 1.01 1.07 1.10 0.56 1.20 0.82 0.20 0.99 0.91 0.22 0.50 Dy 5.97 4.01 4.77 6.53 6.95 7.09 3.50 7.42 4.71 1.09 6.32 5.64 1.15 2.49 Ho 1.25 0.78 0.97 1.40 1.57 1.60 0.77 1.57 0.89 0.22 1.39 1.15 0.20 0.46 Er 3.63 2.14 2.62 4.02 4.60 4.80 2.22 4.47 2.36 0.65 3.98 3.46 0.61 1.17 Tm 0.57 0.33 0.38 0.63 0.76 0.75 0.36 0.70 0.35 0.11 0.61 0.53 0.09 0.18 Yb 3.67 1.97 2.41 4.02 5.16 5.27 2.12 4.35 2.40 0.77 3.85 3.58 0.60 1.09 Lu 0.57 0.28 0.34 0.61 0.79 0.82 0.31 0.59 0.35 0.13 0.56 0.50 0.09 0.16 Hf 1.86 2.43 2.16 2.81 9.42 10.11 1.27 6.11 1.31 1.37 2.82 3.57 3.70 3.69 Ta 0.86 0.27 0.37 0.41 0.64 0.66 0.20 3.24 2.00 0.55 0.20 0.61 0.58 0.48 Th 1.63 0.97 1.33 0.89 7.36 10.11 0.27 13.29 17.98 5.56 0.79 4.91 7.50 10.74 U 0.66 0.21 0.41 0.28 0.93 1.09 0.09 5.65 2.77 1.42 0.36 1.20 0.88 2.13 Li 13.22 14.12 11.33 12.06 9.70 9.88 54.60 10.13 2.51 2.53 18.80 64.38 9.04 7.59 Be 1.43 0.47 0.64 0.70 0.81 0.80 43.89 2.45 2.91 1.61 0.68 125.25 2.15 2.91 Sc 48.09 26.90 28.13 40.37 29.47 29.82 44.09 5.94 2.33 1.28 43.95 13.44 3.15 1.52 Co 55.05 55.27 57.23 51.91 24.14 24.50 62.51 81.80 0.74 0.85 36.66 69.87 3.68 1.75 Cu 84.67 97.78 123.55 5.42 5.44 5.47 0.51 31.96 3.30 3.15 6.66 1.47 35.02 9.48 Zn 129.33 93.92 106.87 65.55 70.24 70.66 86.78 15.52 9.19 11.46 61.73 119.53 18.57 7.42 ∑REE 91.48 90.93 106.20 65.86 94.45 96.07 41.59 110.79 94.27 29.03 64.63 135.14 93.64 87.55 注：*.样品17MY-28*是17MY-28的重复样. 
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表 2 黄陵背斜南部辉绿岩脉和花岗闪长岩脉锆石U-Pb年代学数据
Table 2. Geochronological data of the diabasic and granodioritic dikes in the southern Huangling anticline
测点号 Pb(10-6) Th(10-6) U(10-6) Th/U 同位素比值 年龄(Ma) 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 13XX-03辉绿岩脉 01 53.4 64.1 104 0.62 1.459 1 0.049 5 0.142 9 0.001 9 1 048 62.8 914 20.4 861 10.5 02 193 231 206 1.12 1.840 1 0.047 5 0.143 1 0.001 7 1 483 46.6 1 060 17.0 862 9.6 03 25.0 21.2 101 0.21 1.403 2 0.053 3 0.142 5 0.001 9 969 71.8 890 22.5 859 10.8 04 38.6 38.5 97.0 0.40 1.313 8 0.046 1 0.143 3 0.001 5 809 67.6 852 20.2 863 8.5 05 131.1 129 415 0.31 1.391 6 0.036 0 0.141 6 0.001 5 950 50.0 885 15.3 853 8.6 06 234 313 218 1.44 1.591 0 0.046 3 0.155 2 0.001 6 1 039 61.1 967 18.2 930 8.9 07 66.3 75 97.1 0.77 1.582 5 0.055 0 0.156 7 0.002 2 1 028 71.5 963 21.7 938 12.4 08 5.05 3.72 28.9 0.13 1.488 7 0.121 1 0.142 1 0.003 2 1 109 159 926 49.4 856 18.2 09 137.1 48.1 218 0.22 5.250 9 0.096 7 0.331 5 0.003 1 1 858 37.5 1 861 15.8 1 845 14.9 10 181 176 317 0.56 1.775 2 0.040 0 0.166 4 0.001 7 1 109 45.5 1 036 14.6 992 9.4 11 100.3 105 126 0.83 1.647 4 0.050 2 0.150 5 0.001 8 1 161 59.0 989 19.3 904 10.4 12 134 172 333 0.52 1.383 6 0.053 3 0.142 6 0.002 8 902 63.0 882 22.7 859 15.5 13 11.61 0.48 100 0.00 1.218 1 0.049 3 0.141 2 0.001 8 733 83.3 809 22.6 851 10.4 14 96.6 120 122 0.98 1.446 1 0.041 1 0.151 5 0.001 8 892 59.3 908 17.1 909 10.2 15 257 291 691 0.42 1.273 9 0.032 8 0.140 6 0.001 7 776 52.9 834 14.6 848 9.6 16 82.5 97 107 0.90 1.595 0 0.052 8 0.152 1 0.002 1 1 083 64.8 968 20.7 913 11.7 18 28.01 2.63 228 0.01 1.334 0 0.046 0 0.141 3 0.001 6 857 69.3 861 20.0 852 9.0 19 362 551 315 1.75 1.420 7 0.034 2 0.143 5 0.001 9 961 44.4 898 14.4 864 10.6 20 32.5 33.0 67.4 0.49 1.702 7 0.075 1 0.167 6 0.002 7 1 039 82.3 1 010 28.2 999 15.0 17MY-21花岗闪长岩脉 01 35.8 202.4 197.8 0.41 2.549 2 0.049 4 0.208 5 0.003 4 1 396 23 1 286 14 1 221 18 02 152.6 559.4 895.3 1.02 1.355 7 0.017 6 0.142 2 0.001 0 902 28 870 8 857 6 03 23.7 107.9 140.8 0.62 1.571 8 0.028 7 0.158 1 0.002 5 989 19 959 11 946 14 04 23.9 103.9 146.4 0.77 1.373 8 0.021 7 0.142 8 0.001 5 926 36 878 9 860 9 05 17.8 75.2 103.0 0.71 1.333 3 0.021 7 0.139 0 0.000 9 909 33 860 9 839 5 06 27.0 148.6 153.0 0.73 1.462 2 0.028 9 0.143 2 0.001 2 1 051 44 915 12 863 7 07 20.5 102.5 114.3 0.97 1.303 5 0.018 5 0.141 6 0.001 0 826 30 847 8 854 6 08 14.1 69.2 84.0 0.30 14.993 6 0.194 7 0.519 9 0.005 1 2 890 15 2 815 12 2 699 22 09 12.4 59.7 75.5 0.90 1.580 7 0.033 5 0.146 2 0.001 5 1 167 41 963 13 880 8 10 69.7 190.5 400.3 0.82 1.420 5 0.026 8 0.143 7 0.001 2 983 40 898 11 866 7 11 89.7 183.7 498.2 0.79 1.389 8 0.031 6 0.144 3 0.001 8 922 40 885 13 869 10 12 53.1 268.5 306.3 0.48 1.593 0 0.018 5 0.161 3 0.001 2 972 21 967 7 964 7 13 14.9 75.8 84.1 0.37 1.692 4 0.018 6 0.170 1 0.001 3 989 20 1 006 7 1 013 7 14 58.8 129.7 342.0 0.88 1.393 9 0.015 9 0.141 9 0.001 0 970 28 886 7 855 6 15 37.7 124.2 215.4 0.90 1.428 9 0.028 1 0.144 4 0.001 4 989 38 901 12 869 8 16 20.2 105.0 118.8 0.38 1.684 4 0.022 8 0.159 4 0.001 1 1 109 25 1 003 9 954 6 17 21.3 90.0 127.9 0.58 1.563 7 0.022 9 0.159 1 0.001 4 961 6 956 9 952 8 18 49.5 233.5 290.3 0.88 1.397 9 0.022 1 0.141 5 0.001 4 983 33 888 9 853 8 19 31.4 156.9 177.3 0.70 1.414 8 0.023 4 0.143 6 0.001 2 974 35 895 10 865 7 20 35.8 202.4 197.8 0.80 1.354 4 0.016 4 0.145 0 0.001 1 857 21 869 7 873 6 21 152.6 559.4 895.3 0.88 1.435 9 0.020 6 0.143 1 0.001 1 1 011 29 904 9 862 6
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