"谱遥感"与地球体检计划

李志忠; 汪大明; 王建华; 孙萍萍; 柳波; 陈江; 汤晓君; 帅琴; 杨日红; 刘拓; 赵英俊; 戴慧敏; 韩海辉; 段星星; 赵君

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2020.349

"谱遥感"与地球体检计划

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.349

李志忠^1, ,,
汪大明²,
王建华³,
孙萍萍¹,
柳波⁴,
陈江⁵,
汤晓君⁶,
帅琴⁷,
杨日红⁸,
刘拓¹,
赵英俊⁹,
戴慧敏⁵,
韩海辉¹,
段星星¹,
赵君⁵

1.
中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心, 陕西西安 710054
2.
中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心, 天津 300170
3.
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院, 北京 100101
4.
东北石油大学地球科学学院, 黑龙江大庆 163318
5.
中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心, 辽宁沈阳 110000
6.
西安交通大学电气工程学院, 陕西西安 710049
7.
中国地质大学材料与化学学院, 湖北武汉 430074
8.
北京中海云金矿业咨询有限公司, 北京 100101
9.
核工业北京地质研究院, 北京 100029

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2012AA12A308

国际地科联地质对比项目 IGCP 665

国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项项目 2012YQ240127

国家地质调查项目 DD20189270

国家地质调查项目 DD20211398

国家地质调查项目 DD2020112

自然科学基金面上基金项目 41402294

详细信息

作者简介:
李志忠(1963-), 男, 研究员, 长期从事遥感地质应用研究, ORCID: 0000-0002-8582-4986.E-mail: lizz2009@vip.163.com

中图分类号: P66
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-04
- 网络出版日期: 2021-10-14
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-14

Application of Spectral Remote Sensing Technology in Inspection of the Earth

1.
Xi'an Center, China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710054, China
2.
Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170, China
3.
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
4.
School of Earth Sciences, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
5.
Shenyang Center, China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110000, China
6.
School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
7.
Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
8.
Beijing Zhonghaiyun Gold Mining Consulting Co., Ltd., Beijing 100101, China
9.
Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 人类活动的不断加剧已逐步影响到地球的健康状况，急需发展有效的地球健康诊断、评估与识别技术.为获悉地球健康状态，需要对地球进行全面的体检.谱遥感技术因具有动态、快速、大范围应用等特点，综合了地物波谱、地学图谱、地表时空演化谱信息，是监测和分析资源、环境乃至生态状况的最佳手段之一，是地球健康状况检测的核心技术.本文在遥感地物波谱特征的基础上，结合遥感揭示地学图谱和地表时空演化谱的优势，提出了谱遥感的定义、谱遥感地球体检应用的内容及其关键技术，总结了实现健康地球的谱遥感应用需求，归纳了天、空、地一体化的谱遥感平台构建方法，并探讨了提高地球体检效果的技术体系，最后对利用谱遥感技术开展地球体检提出了思路和展望.
- 谱遥感 /
- 健康地球 /
- 地球体检 /
- 天空地一体化 /
- 动态监测 /
- 地球物理
Abstract: The increasing human activities have gradually brought negative effect to the health of the Earth. In order to grasp comprehensively the health status of the Earth, an integrated inspection of the Earth is needed to be performed. Due to its advantages of dynamic monitoring, rapid inspection and wide range of application, spectral remote sensing technology has been one of the best means of monitoring and analyzing the status of resources, environment, and ecology. In this paper, the definition, research contents and key technologies of spectral remote sensing are presented. The application requirements of spectral remote sensing to realize a healthy Earth are summarized. In addition, the construction method of the integrated spectral remote sensing platform from space, air and ground is introduced. The technical system to improve the effect of the Earth physical examination is discussed. Finally, the principles and prospects for carrying out the Earth physical examination using spectral remote sensing technology are proposed.
- spectral remote sensing /
- health of the Earth /
- inspection of the Earth /
- ground-air-space integration /
- dynamic monitoring /
- geophysics

HTML全文

图 1 谱遥感地物识别基础

Fig. 1. Schematic for the recognition of ground objects based on spectral remote sensing

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 典型地物光谱曲线

Fig. 2. Spectral curves for typical ground objects

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图 3 土地健康遥感诊断指标体系构建技术路线

据曹春香等修改(2017)

Fig. 3. Technology roadmap for the establishment of healthy land indexes based on spectral sensing

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 北纬46度带黑土区遥感影像

Fig. 4. Remote sensing image for the black soil area at the zone of 46 degree north latitude

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 北纬46度带黑土区有机碳分布

Fig. 5. Distribution for the organic carbon of the black soil at the zone of 46 degree north latitude

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图 6 北纬46度带黑土区总初级生产力分布

Fig. 6. Distribution for the gross primary productivity (GPP) of the black soil area at the zone of 46 degree north latitude

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 国际上部分已发射与即将发射的高光谱卫星及其载荷指标

Table 1. Load indexes for the international hyperspectral satellite to be launched and launched

载荷/卫星	国别/地区	发射年份	谱段范围(nm)	谱段数	光谱分辨率(nm)	空间分辨率(m)	成像幅宽(km)
AHSI/GF5	中国	2018	400~2 500	330	VNIR：5 SWIR：10	30	60
ZH1-OHS	中国	2018	400~1 000	256个谱段中任选32	2.5	10	150
AHSI/ZY1-02D	中国	2019	400~2 500	166	VNIR：10 SWIR：20	30	60
PRISMA	意大利	2019	400~2 500	238	< 12	5/30	30
EnMAP	德国	待发射	420~2 450	> 240	6.5~10.0	30	30
GISAT	印度	待发射	900~2 500	150	< 10	500	/
ALOS-3	日本	待发射	450~2 500	189	10.0~12.5	5/30	90
MTG-S1	欧盟	待发射	300~775	590	0.5/0.12	/	8
HyspIRI	美国	待发射	400~2 500 400~12 000	220 8	10	60	150
SHALOM	美国	待发射	400~2 500	275	10	10	30
AHSI/GF5-02	中国	待发射	400~2 500	330	VNIR：5 SWIR：10	30	60
AHSI/ZY1-02E	中国	待发射	400~2 500	166	VNIR：10 SWIR：20	30	60

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表 2 典型机载成像仪的技术参数

Table 2. Parameters of typical airborne imaging instruments

传感器	产地	启用年份	谱段范围(nm)	光谱分辨率(nm)	空间分辨率(m)	通道数	幅宽(m)
AIS-1	美国	1983	1.2~2.4	9.3	3.8	128	125
AIS-2	美国	1986	0.8~2.4	10.6	4.1	128	260
CASI/SASI	加拿大	1988	0.38~2.45	VNIR：5 SWIR：6.25	1	133	150
AVIRIS	美国	1989	0.4~2.5	10	20	224	11 000
TRWIS-3	美国	1990	0.4~2.5	VNIR：5 SWIR：6.25	1.8	384	460
ROSIS	德国	1991	0.43~0.85	4	2.5	256	1 000
IMS	法国	1991	0.115~3.000	VNIR：12.5 SWIR：25.0	-	64	-
OMIS	中国	1991	0.46~12.50	VNIR：10 SWIR：40	6	128	3 000
ASAS	美国	1992	0.40~1.06	11.5	-	62	-
PHI	中国	1996	0.40~0.85	5	2	244	1 000
HYMAP	澳大利亚	1997	0.45~2.50	VNIR：15 SWIR：15	4.5	128	3 460
GER DAIS	美国	1998	0.4~2.5	12	10	211	4 000
WPHI	中国	2000	0.4~2.5	VNIR：5 SWIR：6.25	4	-	4 000
SIVNIR/SWIR	挪威	2003	0.4~2.5	5	1	160	400
AHI	美国	2004	7.0~11.5	18	-	256	-

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表 3 常用地面光谱传感器参数

Table 3. Parameters of main ground spectral sensors

传感器	国别	波长范围(nm)	波段数	光谱分辨率(nm)
ASD FieldSpec 3	美国	350~1 050，1 000~2 500	2 150	1.4，2
ASD pro FR	美国	350~1 050，1 000~2 500	2 150	1.4，2
FTIR	德国	2500~25 000	9 000	2.5
Headwall HS-VNIR	美国	400~1 000	753	0.8
Perkin Elmer Lambda 900	美国	320~2 480	1 081	2
VIS-NIR	美国	920~1 718	128	6.3
Spectralevolution Unispec-SC	英国	310~1 130	82	10
MATRIX-1	德国	781~2 779	800	2.5
SVC-GER 1500	美国	300~1 100	250	3.2
Cary 5000	美国	350~2 500	2 150	1
Fiber Optic Center FTS 175	美国	500~2 500	400	5
Nicolet 380	美国	500~2 500	400	5
SVC HR-768	美国	350~2 500	1 024	variable

下载: 导出CSV

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