桂北地区三门韧性剪切带的厘定及其构造意义

秦亚; 冯佐海; 黄靖哲; 白玉明; 吴杰; 张桂林; 万磊

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2020.353

桂北地区三门韧性剪切带的厘定及其构造意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.353

1.
桂林理工大学广西隐伏金属矿产勘查重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004
2.
湖南宏禹工程集团有限公司, 湖南长沙 410011

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42072259

国家自然科学基金项目 42162018

广西自然科学基金项目 2017GXNSFBA198166

广西自然科学基金项目 2018GXNSFAA281248

广西自然科学基金项目 2019GXNSFDA245009

详细信息

作者简介:
秦亚(1986-), 男, 副教授, 博士, 从事区域构造演化、花岗岩与构造环境的研究及相关教学工作.ORCID: 0000-0002-8281-8732.E-mail: qinya2013017@glut.edu.cn

中图分类号: P542
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-05
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-04
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-30

Discovery of Sanmen Ductile Shear Zone in North Guangxi and Its Tectonic Significances

1.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Hidden Metallic Ore Deposits Exploration, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
2.
Hunan Hongyu Engineering Group Co. Ltd., Changsha 410011, China

摘要

摘要: 通过野外地质调查、室内显微组构分析和磁组构测量，在桂北三门地区厘定出一条大型韧性剪切带；并利用热液锆石U-Pb定年约束其变形时代.三门韧性剪切带发育密集的透入性片理、旋转碎斑系、拉伸线理、眼球构造、书斜构造、A型褶皱、波状消光、机械双晶、核幔构造和S-C组构等宏观和微观韧性变形特征.磁各向异性度（P值）显示其走向呈NNE向，倾向呈NWW向.运动学指向显示早期具有左旋逆冲剪切，晚期具有右旋正滑剪切的运动学性质.磁化率椭球体扁率（E值）显示岩石变形以压扁型应变为主，暗示运动学方向以左旋逆冲剪切为主.镁铁质糜棱岩的热液锆石U-Pb定年结果为441±2 Ma，代表三门韧性剪切带的变形时代.在磁组构、运动学和年代学研究的基础上，结合区域地质资料，认为该韧性剪切带是华南加里东期华夏陆块由SE向NW逆冲到扬子陆块受阻后反冲作用的产物.这一认识揭示了扬子陆块和华夏陆块碰撞拼合的方式和时代，为深化华南加里东构造运动的认识提供了新的资料.
- 磁组构 /
- 热液锆石 /
- 变形时代 /
- 韧性剪切带 /
- 桂北三门地区 /
- 构造地质
Abstract: Based on the field geological investigation, microstructural observation and magnetic fabric of tectonites, it recognized a large ductile shear zone in Sanmen area of North Guangxi, also defined the deformation age of Sanmen ductile shear zone by hydrothermal zircon U-Pb dating. The ductile shear zone has typical macroscopic and microstructural characteristics of mylonite series, such as penetrating schistosity, rotational porphyroclast systems, stretching lineation, eyeball structures, domino structures, A-type fold, wavy extinction, deformation twins, core and mantle textures and S-C fabric. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (P values) shows Sanmen ductile shear zone trending in NNE and inclination of NWW. Kinematics orientation research shows that the Sanmen ductile shear zone has left-lateral thrust shear in the early stage and right-lateral normal slip shear in the late stage, magnetic susceptibility ellipsoid (E values) indicates that the rock deformation in Sanmen ductile shear zone is mainly flattened strain, suggesting that its kinematic direction is mainly left-lateral thrust shear. The hydrothermal zircon U-Pb dating result of mafic mylonite is 441±2 Ma, which represents the deformation age of Sanmen ductile shear zone. Based on the study of magnetic fabric, kinematics and tectonic chronology of Sanmen ductile shear zone, combined with regional geological data, it is considered that Sanmen ductile shear zone is the product of the recoil of the Caledonian Cathaysian block in South China from SE to NW to the Yangtze block. The discovery of the Sanmen ductile shear zone reveals the way and age of collision of Yangtze and Cathaysian blocks, and deepens the understanding of Caledonian tectonic evolution of the South China.
- magnetic fabric /
- hydrothermal zircon /
- deformation age /
- ductile shear zone /
- Sanmen area of North Guangxi /
- tectonics

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图 1 桂北地区地质简图

①摩天岭断裂；②四堡断裂；③元宝山断裂；④三江断裂；⑤三门断裂；⑥龙胜断裂

Fig. 1. Sketch map of North Guangxi

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图 2 三门韧性剪切带野外宏观特征及运动学判别标志

a.丹洲群板岩强烈片理化并产生Z型褶曲，指示逆冲剪切性质(剖面，龙胜瓢里)；b.丹洲群片理化岩石中石英脉体的香肠构造，指示逆冲剪切(剖面，龙胜三门)；c.变辉绿岩中透入性片理(剖面，龙胜吊竹山)；d.拉伸线理及阶步，显示走滑的特征(剖面，龙胜三门)；e.硅化大理岩旋转椭球体，指示逆冲剪切(剖面，龙胜三门)；f.大理岩化灰岩中S-C组构，指示逆冲剪切(剖面，龙胜三门)；g.变镁铁质糜棱岩中的眼球状构造，指示左旋剪切(平面，龙胜上朗)；h.硅化大理岩书斜构造，指示右旋剪切；同时其中的“σ”残斑，指示左旋剪切(平面，龙胜上朗)；i.硅化大理岩旋转碎斑，指示正滑剪切(剖面，龙胜上朗).

Fig. 2. Field macro-characteristics and kinematics discrimination marks of Sanmen ductile shear zone

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图 3 三门韧性剪切带显微构造变形特征

a.镁铁质糜棱岩中钠长石残斑脆性破碎现象(龙胜三门)(+)；b.镁铁质糜棱岩S-C组构指示逆冲剪切(龙胜三门)(+)；c.镁铁质糜棱岩中钠长石碎斑应力砂钟现象(龙胜三门)(+)；d.石英的塑性拉长及波状消光和变形带(龙胜三门)(+)；e.方解石的机械双晶(龙胜上朗)(+)；f.方解石的机械双晶及石英的核幔构造(龙胜三门)(+)；g.方解石残斑与定向排列的基质构成显微S-C组构，指示正滑剪切(龙胜瓢里)(+)；h.方解石集合体长轴优选方位与定向排列的基质组成S-C组构，指示左旋剪切(龙胜三门)(+)；i.镁铁质糜棱岩中长石碎斑与塑性变形的绿泥石构成S-C组构，指示逆冲剪切(龙胜吊竹山)(+).Q.石英；Cal.方解石；Pl.斜长石；Chl.绿泥石；Sc.糜棱面理；Ss.剪切面理.其中a，b，c引自张桂林(2004)

Fig. 3. Microstructure deformation characteristics of Sanmen ductile shear zone

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图 4 三门韧性剪切带分布图及剖面图

1.泥盆系；2.寒武系；3.震旦系；4.南华系；5.丹洲群拱洞组；6.丹洲群合桐组；7.镁铁质-超镁铁质岩；8.弱韧性变形带；9.强韧性变形带；10.粉砂岩；11.砂岩；12.灰岩；13.大理岩；14.浅变质砂岩；15.千枚岩；16.板岩；17.镁铁质-超镁铁质岩石；18.断层；19.角度不整合界线；20.地质界线；21.韧性剪切变形带；22.剖面线方位；23.磁组构P值；24.1.10的P值界线；25.1.05的P值界线；26.年龄样品采样位置；27.磁组构样品采样位置及编号；28.剖面位置；29.标注线；30.地名

Fig. 4. Distribution and geological section of the Sanmen ductile shear zone

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图 5 三门韧性剪切带面理倾向赤平投影图

a.野外实测糜棱C面理产状；b.磁面理产状

Fig. 5. Foliation tendency stereographic projection of the Sanmen ductile shear zone

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图 6 三门韧性剪切带F-L图解

Fig. 6. F-L diagram of the Sanmen ductile shear zone

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图 7 锆石阴极发光图像

据Qin et al.(2018)

Fig. 7. CL image of zircon

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图 8 锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图解(a)、球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图(b)及锆石成因判别图解(c, d)

a.据Qin et al.(2018)；c，d.据Hoskin(2005)

Fig. 8. Zircon U-Pb age concordance diagram (a), chondrite-normalized REE partition diagram (b) and zircon genetic discrimination diagrams (c, d)

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表 1 桂北三门地区岩石磁组构参数及参数计算结果

Table 1. Measurements and calculation of the rock magnetic fabric elements along Sanmen area of North Guangxi

剖面	样品号	K_max	K_int	K_min	K_max		K_int		K_min		L	F	P	E
剖面	样品号	K_max	K_int	K_min	D_g	I_g	D_g	I_g	D_g	I_g	L	F	P	E
A-A’	17089	1.022	0.998	0.980	11.9	7.9	102.3	3.0	213.1	81.5	1.024	1.018	1.043	0.994
	17090	1.042	0.994	0.964	268.7	75.0	6.3	2.0	96.8	14.9	1.048	1.031	1.081	0.984
	17091	1.071	0.979	0.950	177.3	36.5	50.5	39.0	292.6	30.0	1.094	1.031	1.127	0.942
	17092	1.033	1.007	0.960	4.6	4.2	264.6	67.3	96.3	22.3	1.026	1.049	1.076	1.022
	17093	1.022	0.992	0.986	236.6	50.4	68.9	38.9	334.0	6.1	1.030	1.006	1.037	0.977
B-B’	17082	1.047	1.003	0.950	238.8	68.6	23.0	17.7	116.8	11.8	1.044	1.056	1.102	1.011
	17083	1.045	1.015	0.940	279.4	65.3	30.3	9.3	124.2	22.7	1.030	1.080	1.112	1.049
	17084	1.017	1.007	0.975	53.6	64.2	175.8	14.5	271.5	20.9	1.010	1.033	1.043	1.023
	17085	1.071	0.977	0.952	203.9	17.1	93.2	48.8	306.9	36.0	1.096	1.026	1.125	0.936
	17086	1.350	1.018	0.633	226.6	45.3	356.1	32.2	105.2	27.4	1.326	1.608	2.133	1.213
	17087	1.047	0.999	0.955	338.5	46.5	221.8	23.1	114.8	34.5	1.048	1.046	1.096	0.998
C-C’	17070	1.075	1.001	0.923	108.1	76.9	244.4	9.5	335.9	8.9	1.074	1.085	1.165	1.010
	17069	1.048	1.014	0.938	314.6	59.5	211.9	7.4	117.7	29.4	1.034	1.081	1.117	1.045
	17068	1.042	1.023	0.935	262.9	57.3	13.3	12.6	110.6	29.6	1.019	1.094	1.114	1.074
	17066	1.029	1.023	0.949	210.6	46.6	347.1	34.5	94.0	22.9	1.006	1.078	1.084	1.072
	17065	1.053	1.010	0.938	219.9	50.8	11.2	35.6	111.7	14.3	1.043	1.077	1.123	1.033
	17063	1.037	1.005	0.958	223.5	82.5	49.8	7.5	319.7	0.8	1.032	1.049	1.082	1.016
	18016-5	1.038	1.019	0.943	209.5	60.4	33.5	29.5	302.5	1.7	1.019	1.081	1.101	1.061
	18016-4	1.033	1.007	0.960	129.9	75.6	30.9	2.3	300.4	14.2	1.026	1.049	1.076	1.022
	18016-2	1.068	1.009	0.923	194.4	60.3	12.3	29.6	102.8	0.9	1.058	1.093	1.157	1.033
	18016-3	1.103	1.007	0.890	194.0	55.2	28.1	34.0	293.6	6.6	1.095	1.131	1.239	1.033
	18016-1	1.277	0.986	0.736	201.3	28.7	304.1	22.0	65.8	52.5	1.295	1.340	1.735	1.035
D-D’	17072	1.347	1.086	0.567	286.0	58.3	188.4	4.7	95.6	31.3	1.240	1.915	2.376	1.544
	17081	1.046	1.026	0.927	213.7	78.8	11.3	10.3	102.0	4.2	1.019	1.107	1.128	1.086
	17080	1.035	1.010	0.955	203.2	68.2	2.4	20.5	95.0	7.1	1.025	1.058	1.084	1.032
	17079	1.091	0.991	0.918	185.1	34.9	313.3	41.6	72.6	28.8	1.101	1.080	1.188	0.981
	17078	1.042	1.002	0.956	217.8	52.8	21.2	36.1	117.1	8.0	1.040	1.048	1.090	1.008
	17077	1.039	0.996	0.965	219.9	28.9	328.5	29.9	95.1	46.0	1.043	1.032	1.077	0.989
	17076	1.022	1.004	0.974	78.5	16.1	347.2	4.6	241.7	73.2	1.018	1.031	1.049	1.013
	17074	1.021	1.007	0.973	11.6	33.6	204.7	55.7	105.7	6.1	1.014	1.035	1.049	1.021
E-E’	18014-10	1.011	0.999	0.989	197.1	62.4	0.5	26.6	93.9	6.8	1.012	1.010	1.022	0.998
	18014-8	1.014	0.996	0.990	287.7	35.5	38.3	26.2	155.8	43.1	1.018	1.006	1.024	0.988
	18014-7	1.025	0.996	0.978	270.5	65.1	60.2	21.8	154.8	11.4	1.029	1.018	1.048	0.989
	18014-9	1.093	0.994	0.913	39.8	67.8	277.7	12.2	183.7	18.2	1.100	1.089	1.197	0.990
	18014-6	1.044	1.007	0.949	327.7	50.6	92.3	25.0	196.8	28.3	1.037	1.061	1.100	1.023
	18014-1	1.029	1.000	0.971	227.8	53.2	77.9	32.9	338.2	14.6	1.029	1.030	1.060	1.001
	18014-5	1.025	0.993	0.982	7.3	65.1	273.4	1.8	182.6	24.8	1.032	1.011	1.044	0.980
	18014-4	1.015	1.000	0.985	37.2	75.0	162.2	8.7	254.1	12.1	1.015	1.015	1.030	1.000
	18014-3	1.016	1.004	0.980	355.0	57.4	86.5	0.9	177.1	32.6	1.012	1.024	1.037	1.012
	18014-2	1.025	0.996	0.978	214.4	63.9	35.8	26.1	305.5	0.5	1.029	1.018	1.048	0.989
F-F’	16139	1.039	1.002	0.959	324.6	42.2	204.1	29.2	92.1	33.8	1.037	1.045	1.083	1.008
	16140	1.052	1.003	0.944	309.9	44.5	197.3	21.3	89.6	37.8	1.049	1.063	1.114	1.013
	16141	1.129	0.957	0.914	124.1	31.3	350.8	48.5	230.1	24.3	1.180	1.047	1.235	0.887
	16146	1.072	1.020	0.908	334.8	47.2	176.6	40.7	76.9	11.0	1.051	1.123	1.181	1.069
	16142	1.045	1.001	0.954	334.8	47.1	183.1	39.2	81.0	14.5	1.044	1.049	1.095	1.005
	16143	1.027	1.010	0.963	286.5	58.3	175.7	12.4	78.8	28.7	1.017	1.049	1.066	1.031
	16144	1.019	1.005	0.976	290.3	58.8	157.0	22.5	58.1	20.4	1.014	1.030	1.044	1.016
	16145	1.035	1.022	0.943	324.9	43.5	201.8	30.0	90.9	31.8	1.013	1.084	1.098	1.070
	18015-1	1.030	1.000	0.970	190.2	3.0	282.1	32.4	95.4	57.4	1.030	1.031	1.062	1.001
	18015-2	1.038	1.004	0.959	187.7	12.3	307.3	66.2	93.1	20.0	1.034	1.047	1.082	1.013
	18015-3	1.036	1.002	0.962	213.3	23.2	320.6	34.7	96.8	46.1	1.034	1.042	1.077	1.008
	18015-4	1.026	0.996	0.978	208.2	35.7	342.0	44.0	98.7	24.9	1.030	1.018	1.049	0.988
注：K_max、K_int、K_min分别是磁化率椭球体中最大、中间和最小主轴的磁化率大小，单位为10^-4SI；P(磁化率各向异性度)=K_max/K_min；F(磁面理)=K_int/K_min；L(磁线理)=K_max/K_int；E(磁化率椭球体扁率)=F/L；D_g为磁偏角(°)；I_g为磁倾角(°).

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表 2 三门韧性剪切带面理产状

Table 2. Foliation occurrence of Sanmen ductile shear zone

野外实测糜棱C面理产状			磁面理产状
序号	倾向(°)	倾角(°)	序号	倾向(°)	倾角(°)	序号	倾向(°)	倾角(°)
1	127	74	1	274	83	27	277	44
2	274	60	2	336	47	28	279	65
3	285	58	3	335	79	29	140	89
4	313	44	4	4	71	30	274	67
5	256	55	5	17	62	31	291	60
6	297	85	6	158	75	32	298	61
7	255	61	7	3	65	33	156	81
8	292	50	8	74	78	34	276	59
9	340	49	9	357	57	35	286	84
10	264	59	10	126	89	36	62	17
11	278	33	11	123	88	37	275	44
12	274	61	12	120	76	38	297	82
13	267	39	13	283	89	39	253	61
14	267	77	14	114	83	40	275	83
15	270	30	15	246	38	41	282	86
16	274	61	16	292	76	42	297	78
17	276	30	17	272	56	43	304	67
18	265	54	18	270	52	44	91	69
19	285	58	19	50	66	45	127	54
20	313	44	20	257	79	46	285	63
21	292	50	21	261	76	47	295	56
22	264	59	22	259	61	48	33	8
23	278	33	23	238	70	49	277	75
24	276	47	24	271	58	50	113	60
25	260	23	25	275	33	51	276	68
			26	273	70	52	154	84

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表 3 镁铁质糜棱岩锆石微量元素含量

Table 3. Trace element contents of zircon in mafic mylonite

点号	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	ΣREE	LREE	δ_Eu	δ_Ce	Sm_N/La_N
1	21.31	49.33	7.30	71.33	43.01	12.47	93.20	35.29	516.43	197.19	650.78	165.81	1 290.68	236.28	3 390.41	204.75	0.59	0.97	3.13
2	11.83	38.70	6.24	61.61	51.30	18.88	289.65	165.90	1 800.90	646.75	2 586.18	506.12	4 291.60	635.84	11 111.50	188.56	0.37	1.09	6.72
3	106.27	284.25	42.58	173.83	90.68	27.37	258.40	126.40	1 111.68	381.59	2 090.89	473.13	5 803.91	901.92	11 872.90	724.98	0.51	1.04	1.32
4	32.89	107.76	13.62	105.07	62.77	32.34	393.11	237.13	2 058.42	863.25	3 094.88	607.18	4 243.15	713.70	12 565.27	354.45	0.48	1.25	2.96
5	28.40	94.18	10.84	103.61	65.95	31.92	463.75	337.84	3 063.22	1 094.74	4 660.95	735.83	5 390.51	860.73	16 942.47	334.90	0.41	1.32	3.60
6	12.81	51.49	8.47	67.31	59.27	16.28	152.96	49.14	577.99	237.57	1 589.61	380.05	4 085.38	750.00	8 038.33	215.63	0.50	1.17	7.17
7	21.75	55.69	9.69	81.56	40.73	14.71	134.92	42.99	493.79	219.10	1 595.55	393.79	4 071.47	706.63	7 882.37	224.13	0.55	0.94	2.90
8	25.71	58.34	9.45	68.00	43.40	14.20	123.37	37.82	369.06	126.54	954.51	245.62	3 435.17	507.69	6 018.88	219.10	0.55	0.92	2.61
9	21.44	47.73	7.47	74.90	35.80	12.96	141.09	45.03	504.27	199.03	1 436.06	348.55	3 774.66	674.07	7 323.06	200.30	0.49	0.92	2.59
10	17.48	52.26	8.63	67.16	32.05	19.97	234.52	73.54	515.00	158.89	967.76	217.82	2 310.45	423.95	5 099.48	197.55	0.51	1.04	2.84
11	33.38	80.24	13.12	40.44	37.79	23.11	311.64	89.31	951.84	308.48	1 482.27	298.30	2 811.07	448.54	6 929.53	228.08	0.45	0.94	1.75
12	20.35	41.55	6.19	71.16	43.26	15.70	183.90	42.48	433.97	161.83	535.53	133.54	1 481.69	311.61	3 482.76	198.21	0.46	0.90	3.29
13	33.34	99.93	17.12	87.03	59.73	44.32	428.92	247.68	2 826.47	945.87	3 796.55	636.25	4 938.85	661.62	14 823.68	341.47	0.62	1.02	2.78
14	54.20	167.93	22.93	124.66	49.14	33.90	178.02	76.91	608.96	234.27	1 564.52	381.64	4 049.94	732.41	8 279.43	452.76	0.98	1.17	1.40
15	20.77	49.05	7.35	66.27	42.76	24.74	203.60	67.29	480.11	238.67	1 070.49	269.35	2 901.66	523.61	5 965.72	210.94	0.67	0.97	3.19
16	27.27	56.87	8.47	82.12	42.02	22.42	206.50	68.52	482.02	230.76	1 034.77	285.59	3 473.41	679.99	6 700.73	239.17	0.60	0.91	2.39
17	22.45	79.56	9.05	62.81	61.24	27.64	322.85	175.07	1 925.57	637.42	2 596.69	464.07	3 994.08	562.54	10 941.04	262.75	0.48	1.37	4.23

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桂北地区三门韧性剪切带的厘定及其构造意义

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作者简介:
秦亚(1986-), 男, 副教授, 博士, 从事区域构造演化、花岗岩与构造环境的研究及相关教学工作.ORCID: 0000-0002-8281-8732.E-mail: qinya2013017@glut.edu.cn

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Discovery of Sanmen Ductile Shear Zone in North Guangxi and Its Tectonic Significances

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桂北地区三门韧性剪切带的厘定及其构造意义

doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2020.353

作者简介: 秦亚(1986-), 男, 副教授, 博士, 从事区域构造演化、花岗岩与构造环境的研究及相关教学工作.ORCID: 0000-0002-8281-8732.E-mail: qinya2013017@glut.edu.cn

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Discovery of Sanmen Ductile Shear Zone in North Guangxi and Its Tectonic Significances

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作者简介:
秦亚(1986-), 男, 副教授, 博士, 从事区域构造演化、花岗岩与构造环境的研究及相关教学工作.ORCID: 0000-0002-8281-8732.E-mail: qinya2013017@glut.edu.cn