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    渤海沉积物中放射性核素分布及其对沉积环境变化的响应

    杜金秋 王震 林武辉 路波 高会 王宇宁 姚子伟 关道明

    杜金秋, 王震, 林武辉, 路波, 高会, 王宇宁, 姚子伟, 关道明, 2021. 渤海沉积物中放射性核素分布及其对沉积环境变化的响应. 地球科学, 46(12): 4503-4516. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.120
    引用本文: 杜金秋, 王震, 林武辉, 路波, 高会, 王宇宁, 姚子伟, 关道明, 2021. 渤海沉积物中放射性核素分布及其对沉积环境变化的响应. 地球科学, 46(12): 4503-4516. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.120
    Du Jinqiu, Wang Zhen, Lin Wuhui, Lu Bo, Gao Hui, Wang Yuning, Yao Ziwei, Guan Daoming, 2021. Distribution of Radionuclides in Sediments of Bohai Sea and Their Response to Changes in Sedimentary Environment. Earth Science, 46(12): 4503-4516. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.120
    Citation: Du Jinqiu, Wang Zhen, Lin Wuhui, Lu Bo, Gao Hui, Wang Yuning, Yao Ziwei, Guan Daoming, 2021. Distribution of Radionuclides in Sediments of Bohai Sea and Their Response to Changes in Sedimentary Environment. Earth Science, 46(12): 4503-4516. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.120

    渤海沉积物中放射性核素分布及其对沉积环境变化的响应

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.120
    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学基金 41807383

    河口海岸学国家重点实验室开放基金 SKLEC-KF201712

    国家海洋局海洋沉积与环境地质重点实验室开放基金 MASEG201709

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      杜金秋(1984-), 女, 工程师, 博士, 从事同位素海洋学与同位素地球化学研究.ORCID: 0000-0002-8630-4341.E-mail: jinqiu609@163.com

      通讯作者:

      姚子伟, E-mail: zwyao@nmemc.org.cn

    • 中图分类号: P595

    Distribution of Radionuclides in Sediments of Bohai Sea and Their Response to Changes in Sedimentary Environment

    • 摘要: 为了探讨近百年来,人类活动背景下近海沉积物中放射性核素的沉积记录及其对物质输入与埋藏等沉积环境变化的响应,利用γ能谱法对渤海表层和柱状沉积物中的放射性核素238U、226Ra、232Th、210Pb、40K和137Cs进行分析.结果显示,渤海沉积物中放射性核素水平和垂直分布特征明显,铀衰变系核素238U、226Ra和210Pb不平衡,232Th和210Pb受沉积物粒度和有机碳影响显著,238U与226Ra、232Th、40K存在显著相关性.226Ra/238U、232Th/238U和40K/238U比值时空差异显著,渤海沉积物陆源输入影响由西南向东北方向延伸,受河流影响,渤海北部和南部的沉积物输入不稳定,近几十年波动显著.利用210Pbex137Cs法的测年结果计算获得的渤海近百年来沉积速率在中国近海沉积速率研究背景值范围内;空间上,渤海北部、中部和南部沉积速率处于同一水平,其中北部偏高;时间上,近百年来渤海沉积速率随时间波动,整体上呈现增加趋势,尤其是1980年之后,人类活动影响下渤海沉积速率增加幅度显著,与沉积物输入的波动变化相对应.

       

    • 图  1  研究区域及样品站位分布

      Fig.  1.  Sampling sites and study area

      图  2  渤海沉积物中放射性核素水平分布(Bq·kg-1)

      Fig.  2.  Horizontal distribution of radionuclides in the sediments of the Bohai Sea (Bq·kg-1)

      图  3  渤海沉积物中放射性核素垂直分布

      Fig.  3.  Vertical distribution of radionuclides in the sediments of the Bohai Sea

      图  4  渤海沉积物中226Ra/238U、232Th/238U和40K/238U比值,以及TOC和GS的水平分布

      Fig.  4.  Horizontal distributions of 226Ra/238U, 232Th/238U and 40K/238U ratios, as while as TOC and GS in the sediments of the Bohai Sea

      图  5  渤海沉积物中226Ra/238U、232Th/238U和40K/238U比值,以及TOC和GS的垂直分布

      Fig.  5.  Vertical distributions of 226Ra/238U、232Th/238U and 40K/238U ratios, as while as TOC and GS in the sediments of the Bohai Sea

      图  6  沉积物中210Pbex137Cs垂直分布及其年代学

      Fig.  6.  Vertical distribution of 210Pbex, 137Cs and the chronologies of the sediments

      图  7  研究区域沉积速率随时间的变化

      Fig.  7.  Variation of MAR with time in study area

      表  1  渤海沉积物中放射性核素含量(Bq·kg-1)

      Table  1.   Contents of radionuclides in the sediments of the Bohai Sea(Bq·kg-1)

      类型 238U 226Ra 232Th 210Pb 40K 137Cs
      表层样 范围 23.77~59.39 17.56~35.98 30.38~59.18 41.34~116.46 571~839 0.69~4.50
      平均值 37.64 25.06 42.22 71.89 690 1.84
      变异系数 25.29% 19.27% 19.83% 31.58% 10.49% 47.83%
      柱状样 范围 22.33~38.16 22.23~35.85 26.75~49.51 38.70~111.51 612~784 0.97~4.05
      平均值 27.93 28.18 37.79 79.40 678 1.76
      变异系数 16.08% 11.82% 18.63% 21.00% 7.16% 39.78%
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  2  中国近海沉积物中放射性核素含量(Bq·kg-1)

      Table  2.   Contents of radionuclides in coastal sediments of China(Bq·kg-1)

      研究区域 238U 226Ra 232Tha 210Pb 40K 137Cs 参考文献
      田湾海域 40.0 25.2 46.7 50.9 899 2.0 左书华等,2019
      大亚湾海域 60.3 38.2 52.1 - 619 0.9 梁贵渊等,2019
      阳江海域 82.4 35.5 57.1 121.7 621 2.2 吴梅桂等,2018
      胶州湾海域 39.0 26.5 40.3 61.0 688 3.3 刘广山等,2008
      厦门海域 51.9 26.5 75.0 72.0 658 3.2 李冬梅等,2009
      大连海域 34.9 19.3 - 72.4 746 2.4 杜金秋等,2017
      深圳近海 - 26.5 - 43.2 364 1.8 丁敏霞等,2017
      北部湾 24.7 22.2 34.4 - 253 - 林武辉等,2020
      黄茅海/广海湾 77.4 36.6 58.1 123.8 571 1.5 赵峰等,2015
      长江口 32.8 26.5 40.9 - 628 - Wang et al., 2017
      中国土壤 39.5 36.5 54.6 - 580 - 曹龙生等,2012
      渤海 20.8~59.4 17.6~36.0 26.8~59.2 38.7~116.5 571~839 0.7~4.5 本研究
      注:部分报道中的232Th数据由其子体228Ra获得.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  3  渤海沉积物中放射性核素、TOC、GS之间的Pearson相关系数

      Table  3.   Pearson correlation among radionuclides, TOC and GS in the sediments of the Bohai Sea

      类型 226Ra 232Th 210Pb 40K 137Cs TOC GS
      表层样 238U 0.930** 0.690** 0.412* 0.495* 0.637** 0.055 -0.261
      226Ra 0.681** 0.368 0.369 0.522** 0.015 -0.173
      232Th 0.506** 0.369 0.414* 0.542** -0.549**
      210Pb 0.462* 0.515** 0.657** -0.670**
      40K 0.682** 0.185 -0.231
      137Cs 0.135 -0.197
      TOC -0.916**
      柱状样 238U -0.680* -0.302* -0.237* -0.223 -0.054 -0.551** -0.726**
      226Ra 0.695** 0.325** 0.436** 0.412** 0.706** 0.886**
      232Th 0.399** 0.568** 0.331** 0.346** 0.588**
      210Pb 0.300* 0.012 0.112 0.321**
      40K 0.511** -0.007 0.547**
      137Cs 0.030 0.331**
      TOC 0.535**
      注:**在0.01水平(双侧)上显著相关;*在0.05水平(双侧)上显著相关.
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  4  中国近海沉积速率

      Table  4.   Sedimentation rate in coastal seas of China

      研究海域 研究方法 沉积速率(cm·a-1) 资料来源
      渤海 210Pbex 0.15~0.41 李凤业和史玉兰,1995
      北黄海 210Pbex 0.07~0.45 齐君等,2004
      南黄海 210Pbex 0.40~1.00 李凤业等,2002
      东海 210Pbex; 137Cs 0.57~5.70 夏小明等,1999
      渤海湾 210Pbex; 137Cs 0.30~3.17 王福和王宏,2011
      胶州湾 210Pbex; 137Cs 0.64~1.74 刘广山等,2008
      大亚湾 210Pbex 0.44 曲宝晓等,2018
      北部湾 210Pbex 0.20~1.00 许冬等,2012
      厦门近海 210Pbex 0.07~13.20 李冬梅等,2009
      大连近海 210Pbex; 137Cs 0.43~0.48 杜金秋等,2017
      长江口 210Pbex 1.36~4.11 张瑞等,2009
      下载: 导出CSV

      表  5  研究区域近百年来沉积速率

      Table  5.   Sedimentation rates of study areas in last 100 years

      研究区域 210Pbex⁃SR范围(cm·a-1) 210Pbex⁃SR平均值(cm·a-1) 137Cs⁃SR (cm·a-1) 210Pbex⁃MAR范围(kg·m-2·a-1) 210Pbex⁃MAR平均值(kg·m-2·a-1)
      渤海北部 0.08~0.73 0.35 0.38 1.46~13.16 6.34
      渤海中部 0.12~0.58 0.31 0.38 1.84~10.04 5.53
      渤海南部 0.16~0.46 0.30 0.32 2.83~6.94 4.82
      中国近海a 0.07~7.25 - - -
      注:a.数据来自文献(见表 2).
      下载: 导出CSV
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    • 收稿日期:  2021-04-27
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