Geological Characteristics of Late Jurassic Volcanic Rocks in Sierbao-Baita Basin, West Liaoning Province and Its Response to Yanshan Movement
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摘要: 辽西地区位于燕山造山带东段，发育大规模的中生代火山-沉积盆地，是研究中生代燕山运动构造体制转换、岩石圈减薄和克拉通破坏的关键地区之一.报道了辽西寺儿堡-白塔盆地晚侏罗世火山岩岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学和锆石Hf同位素组成等资料，确定了其形成时代、岩石成因及构造背景，探讨了晚中生代期间古太平洋板块对华北克拉通东部俯冲后撤作用时间，为进一步认识燕山运动和燕山期岩浆活动的地球动力学机制提供可靠的地质依据.盆地内大范围出露的流纹岩形成时代为153.8~160.3 Ma，在空间上呈NE向展布，具有较高的SiO2、Al2O3和全碱含量，显示准铝质-过铝质和高钾钙碱性特征.样品相对富集大离子亲石元素（LILEs：Rb、Ba、Pb、K等）和轻稀土元素（LREEs），亏损高场强元素（HFSEs：Nb、Ta、P、Ti等）和重稀土元素（HREEs），具明显的Eu负异常和较低的Cr、Co、Ni含量，结合岩浆成因锆石具有负εHf（t）值（-17.8~-23.2）和相对古老的Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄（TDM2=2 334~2 697 Ma），暗示初始岩浆可能来自于太古代或元古代的古老下地壳的部分熔融.综合研究表明，辽西地区晚侏罗世岩浆构造活动主要受控于古太平洋板块俯冲和后撤.寺儿堡-白塔盆地中流纹岩形成于古太平洋板块俯冲的NW向挤压构造背景，同时，在辽西地区存在大量与古太平洋板块后撤密切相关的变质核杂岩和伸展盆地，暗示区域上伸展体系的存在.因此，认为燕山-辽西地区构造体制于晚侏罗世发生转变，由挤压体系逐渐过渡为伸展体系，为燕山运动的响应.Abstract: The West Liaoning Province is located in the eastern part of the Yanshan orogenic belt, with large-scale Mesozoic volcanic-sedimentary basins. It is critical to study the transformation of the Yanshan movement tectonic regime, lithosphere thinning and craton destruction during the Mesozoic. In this paper it conducts a comprehensive study of the Late Jurassic volcanic rocks exposed in the Sierbao-Baita basin in West Liaoning from the aspects of the perspectives of petrography, zircon U-Pb chronology, geochemistry and zircon Hf isotopic composition, so as to determine the age of their formation, petrogenesis and tectonic setting, discusses the time of the subduction and rollback of the Paleo-Pacific plate to the eastern North China craton during the Late Mesozoic, which provides a reliable geological basis for further understanding the geodynamic mechanism of the Yanshan movement and Yanshanian magmatism. The formation age of the rhyolite exposed in the basin is 153.8-160.3 Ma, spatially distributed in NE direction, with high SiO2, Al2O3 and total-alkali contents, showing the characteristics of metaluminous-peraluminous and high-K calc-alkaline. The samples are relatively enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs: Rb, Ba, Pb, K) and light rare earth elements (LREEs), depleted in high field strength elements (HFSEs: Nb, Ta, P, Ti) and heavy rare earth elements (HREEs), with obvious Eu negative anomaly and low Cr, Co, Ni contents. Combined with the magmatic origin zircons exhibit negative εHf(t) value (-17.8 to -23.2) and old Hf isotopic two-stage model age (TDM2=2 334-2 697 Ma), all suggest that the primary magma may have originated from the partial melting of the Archaean or Proterozoic ancient lower crust. The Late Jurassic magmatism and tectonic movement in the West Liaoning Province were controlled by the subduction and rollback of the paleo-Pacific plate. The rhyolite in the Sierbao-Baita basin was formed in the NW direction compression tectonic setting caused by the subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate. At the same time, there are also a large number of metamorphic core complexes and extensional basins closely related to the rollback of the paleo-Pacific plate in the West Liaoning Province, suggesting the existence of an extensional regime in this region. Therefore, it hold that the tectonic regime of the Yanshan-West Liaoning area gradually changed from compression regime to extension regime in the Late Jurassic, which is a response to Yanshan movement.
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Key words:
- Yanshan movement /
- zircon U-Pb age /
- North China craton /
- West Liaoning /
- paleo-Pacific plate /
- petrology /
- tectonics
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图 1 华北克拉通基底构造单元划分（据Zhao et al., 2005修改）
Fig. 1. Simplified map showing the tectonic subdivisions of the North China craton and the distribution of the basement rocks (modified after Zhao et al., 2005)
图 2 辽西地区地质图(a)及晚侏罗世火山岩展布及采样位置(b)
年代学数据来自：崔芳华（2015）；赵伟策（2015）；宋旸等（2018）；Hu et al.（2019）；Lin et al.（2021）
Fig. 2. Geological map of West Liaoning Province (a) and distribution of the Late Jurassic volcanics with sampling locations (b)
图 3 辽西寺儿堡-白塔盆地晚侏罗世流纹岩野外露头及显微结构特征
Qtz.石英；Pl.斜长石；Bi.黑云母
Fig. 3. Representative meso- and micro-fabrics of the Late Jurassic rhyolites from Sierbao-Baita basin, West Liaoning
图 4 辽西寺儿堡-白塔盆地晚侏罗世流纹岩锆石U-Pb年龄协和图（a1, b1, c1）和阴极发光图像（a2, b2, c2）
Fig. 4. Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams (a1, b1, c1) and CL images (a2, b2, c2) of the Late Jurassic rhyolites from Sierbao-Baita basin, West Liaoning
图 5 晚侏罗世流纹岩TAS图解（a，据Irvine and Baragar, 1971），SiO2-K2O图解（b，据Peccerillo and Taylor, 1976）和A/CNK-A/NK图解（c, Maniar and Piccoli, 1989）
Fig. 5. TAS (a, after Irvine and Baragar, 1971), SiO2 versus K2O (b, after Peccerillo and Taylor, 1976) and A/CNK versus ANK (c, after Maniar and Piccoli, 1989) diagrams of the Late Jurassic rhyolites
图 6 晚侏罗世流纹岩原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图（a）和球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图（b）
图a据Sun and McDonough（1989）；图b据Boynton（1984）
Fig. 6. Primitive mantle-normalized trace element spidergrams (a) and chondrite-normalized REE patterns (b) of the Late Jurassic rhyolites
图 7 晚侏罗世酸性火山岩Er-Dy和Nb/Y-Rb/Y图解
Fig. 7. The Er vs. Dy and Nb/Y vs. Rb/Y diagrams for the Late Jurassic acidic volcanic rocks
图 8 辽西寺儿堡-白塔盆地晚侏罗世流纹岩的锆石Hf同位素特征
图a据Yang et al.（2006）；图b据吴福元等（2007）
Fig. 8. Zircon Hf isotopic characteristics of the Late Jurassic rhyolites in Sierbao-Baita basin, West Liaoning
图 9 晚侏罗世酸性火山岩岩石成因类型判别图解（据Whalen et al., 1987）
Fig. 9. Genetic discrimination diagrams for the Late Jurassic acidic volcanic rocks (after Whalen et al., 1987)
图 10 晚侏罗世酸性火山岩构造环境判别图解
图例与图 9一致；图a据Pearce et al.（1984）；图b据Schandl and Gorton（2002）
Fig. 10. Tectonic discrimination diagrams for the Late Jurassic acidic volcanic rocks
表 1 辽西寺儿堡-白塔盆地晚侏罗世流纹岩主量元素（%）、微量元素（10-6）测试结果
Table 1. Major (%) and trace (10-6) element compositions for Late Jurassic rhyolites in Sierbao-Baita basin, West Liaoning Province
样品号 S4013 S4017 S4038 S4047 S4049 S4073 S7038-1 岩性 流纹岩 SiO2 75.95 75.53 76.01 76.10 75.79 75.68 75.58 TiO2 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 Al2O3 12.85 12.92 12.84 12.86 12.90 13.05 12.94 TFeO 0.97 1.45 1.02 1.20 1.15 1.08 0.98 MnO < 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.01 MgO < 0.20 < 0.20 < 0.20 < 0.20 < 0.20 0.17 0.17 CaO 0.52 0.51 0.55 0.41 0.58 0.36 0.33 Na2O 3.65 3.64 3.50 3.67 3.79 3.42 3.44 K2O 5.29 5.31 5.36 5.01 5.25 5.49 5.35 P2O5 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 LOI 0.67 0.72 0.56 0.71 0.30 0.72 0.96 Total 100.16 100.43 100.15 100.28 100.08 100.28 99.94 A/NK 1.10 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.08 1.13 1.13 A/CNK 1.01 1.02 1.02 1.05 0.99 1.07 1.07 全碱 8.94 8.95 8.86 8.68 9.04 8.91 8.79 K2O/Na2O 1.45 1.46 1.53 1.37 1.39 1.61 1.56 Cr 4.89 5.29 4.48 5.79 5.98 4.98 3.28 Ni 1.76 3.33 2.61 1.23 1.61 1.10 0.81 Sc 1.69 1.44 1.63 1.50 1.46 1.27 1.81 Co 0.79 1.14 0.93 0.55 0.73 0.62 V 11.99 13.84 11.03 12.64 11.67 12.53 Ba 606.27 594.41 537.29 631.37 691.95 570.99 582.63 Rb 167.66 170.61 174.84 156.09 171.53 178.99 196.50 Th 12.69 11.82 12.94 13.57 12.48 13.10 14.82 U 1.26 1.68 1.54 1.38 2.45 1.55 1.72 Nb 14.32 14.38 14.54 13.78 13.91 14.63 15.19 Ta 1.19 1.16 1.31 1.16 1.37 1.19 1.32 Sr 94.32 95.12 95.09 153.05 107.18 118.85 178.30 Zr 97.45 99.51 98.31 94.96 98.54 98.08 95.56 Hf 4.25 4.77 6.25 5.24 4.41 5.75 5.44 Y 6.28 3.67 5.40 6.27 4.37 7.03 5.98 Pb 15.84 14.72 26.22 10.67 19.51 22.72 13.20 Ga 16.04 15.59 15.66 13.80 15.46 15.38 15.77 Cs 1.62 1.94 2.16 1.46 2.02 2.02 16.80 La 25.49 11.98 22.46 27.91 12.27 28.93 31.10 Ce 55.12 31.77 64.84 47.49 34.99 66.65 58.17 Pr 5.10 2.36 4.46 5.41 2.24 5.34 5.77 Nd 15.67 7.14 13.78 16.56 7.00 16.17 15.66 Sm 2.20 1.05 2.05 2.44 1.11 2.33 1.92 Eu 0.44 0.29 0.42 0.46 0.42 0.46 0.34 Gd 2.08 0.97 1.98 2.22 1.09 2.31 1.94 Tb 0.24 0.11 0.22 0.24 0.14 0.25 0.23 Dy 1.23 0.68 1.09 1.16 0.83 1.25 1.12 Ho 0.25 0.15 0.22 0.23 0.18 0.25 0.23 Er 0.81 0.54 0.73 0.75 0.64 0.82 0.72 Tm 0.14 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.12 Yb 1.03 0.83 0.94 0.96 0.93 1.04 0.91 Lu 0.16 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.15 δEu 0.63 0.86 0.62 0.60 1.15 0.59 0.53 Ce/Pb 3.48 2.16 2.47 4.45 1.79 2.93 4.41 Nb/Ta 12.03 12.40 11.10 11.88 10.15 12.29 11.51 Sr/Y 15.03 25.88 17.61 24.40 24.53 16.91 29.82 ΣREE 109.96 58.10 113.47 106.11 62.10 126.10 118.38 ΣLREE/ΣHREE 17.51 15.55 19.78 17.17 14.26 19.27 20.84 (La/Yb)N 16.24 9.47 15.68 19.08 8.66 18.26 22.43 
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