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    南海北部海马冷泉区表层沉积物的AOM生物标志化合物特征及意义

    吴一帆 管红香 许兰芳 茅晟懿 刘磊 苏正 刘丽华

    吴一帆, 管红香, 许兰芳, 茅晟懿, 刘磊, 苏正, 刘丽华, 2022. 南海北部海马冷泉区表层沉积物的AOM生物标志化合物特征及意义. 地球科学, 47(8): 3005-3015. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.202
    引用本文: 吴一帆, 管红香, 许兰芳, 茅晟懿, 刘磊, 苏正, 刘丽华, 2022. 南海北部海马冷泉区表层沉积物的AOM生物标志化合物特征及意义. 地球科学, 47(8): 3005-3015. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.202
    Wu Yifan, Guan Hongxiang, Xu Lanfang, Mao Shengyi, Liu Lei, Su Zheng, Liu Lihua, 2022. Characteristics and Significance of Biomarkers Related to AOM in Surface Sediments of the Haima Cold Seep in the Northern South China Sea. Earth Science, 47(8): 3005-3015. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.202
    Citation: Wu Yifan, Guan Hongxiang, Xu Lanfang, Mao Shengyi, Liu Lei, Su Zheng, Liu Lihua, 2022. Characteristics and Significance of Biomarkers Related to AOM in Surface Sediments of the Haima Cold Seep in the Northern South China Sea. Earth Science, 47(8): 3005-3015. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.202

    南海北部海马冷泉区表层沉积物的AOM生物标志化合物特征及意义

    doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2021.202
    基金项目: 

    国家自然科学基金资助项目 91958105

    国家重点研发项目 2018YFC031005

    广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目 2019B030302004

    详细信息
      作者简介:

      吴一帆(1996-),男,硕士研究生,主要研究冷泉生物地球化学. ORCID:0000-0002-2189-829X.E-mail:wuyf@ms.giec.ac.cn

      通讯作者:

      管红香, E-mail: guanhongxiang@ouc.edu.cn

    • 中图分类号: P67

    Characteristics and Significance of Biomarkers Related to AOM in Surface Sediments of the Haima Cold Seep in the Northern South China Sea

    • 摘要: 选取采自南海天然气水合物赋存区海马冷泉,管状蠕虫区(ROV06站位)和贻贝区(HM101站位)的2个表层沉积物柱状样品,提取其中的生物标志化合物,对其种类和稳定碳同位素进行了测定,用以探讨海底表层沉积物中的有机质来源、微生物种群分布及其对冷泉渗漏活动的响应特征. 两个站位的沉积物中均发现了大量与甲烷厌氧氧化古菌(ANME)有关的生物标志物,如2,6,11,15⁃四甲基十六烷(crocetane)、2,6,10,15,19⁃五甲基二十烷(PMI)等类异戊二烯烃,古醇(archaeol)、sn2⁃羟基古醇(sn2⁃OH⁃Ar)等,以及来源于硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)的异构/反异构脂肪酸iso⁃C15ai⁃C15等. 这些生物标志物均具有极低的碳同位素特征(古菌生标δ13C值低至-126‰,硫酸盐还原菌生标δ13C值低至⁃89‰),表明沉积物中发生了甲烷厌氧氧化作用(AOM). ROV06和HM101站位沉积物中均检测到了crocetane,大多数sn2⁃羟基古醇/古醇大于1,同时ai⁃C15/iso⁃C15脂肪酸比值小于2,这说明两个站位沉积物中的甲烷厌氧氧化古菌主要以ANME⁃2/DSS为主,指示甲烷渗漏强度较强. ROV06站位的表层沉积物含有crocetane,但sn2⁃羟基古醇/古醇小于1,且ai⁃C15/iso⁃C15脂肪酸比值大于2.1,指示了ANME⁃1/DSS和ANME⁃2/DSS混合存在的种群特征,说明ROV06站位顶部甲烷渗漏强度有减小的趋势. 根据古菌种群ANME⁃2化合物对甲烷的碳同位素分馏(Δ:-50‰)及古菌生物标志物(PMI、古醇、sn2⁃羟基古醇)的平均δ13C值,计算得到甲烷δ13C值(-58‰~-53‰),显示甲烷为热成因和生物成因混合气. 虽然ROV06和HM101站位的甲烷具有相近的δ13C值,但ROV06站位的SRB生物标志物比HM101站位要更加亏损13C(Δδ13C:18‰),这可能与管状蠕虫的共生菌(硫氧化菌)吸收硫化物并释放出硫酸盐有关,因为其不断释放出的硫酸盐很可能极大地增强了甲烷厌氧氧化作用,使沉积物中含有更多13C亏损的无机碳.

       

    • 图  1  沉积物取样位置图

      Fig.  1.  The location of the sampling sites in this study

      图  2  ROV06站位(a)和HM101站位(b)烷烃类组分的气相色谱图

      Cr. 2,6,11,15四甲基十六烷;罗马数字. 正构烷烃碳数

      Fig.  2.  Gas chromatograms (FID) of hydrocarbon fraction from samples ROV06(a) and HM101(b)

      图  3  ROV06站位(a)和HM101站位(b)醇类组分的气相色谱图

      Istd. 正构十三醇(标样);phytanol. 植醇;con. 污染峰;5α⁃cholestan⁃3β⁃ol. 5α⁃胆甾⁃3β⁃醇;diploterol. 里白醇;Ar. 古醇;sn2⁃OH⁃Ar. sn2⁃羟基古醇;罗马数字. 正构醇碳数

      Fig.  3.  Gas chromatograms (FID) of alcohol fraction from samples ROV06(a) and HM101(b)

      图  4  ROV06站位(a)和HM101站位(b)酸类组分的气相色谱图

      Fig.  4.  Gas chromatograms (FID) of carboxylic acid fraction from samples ROV06(a) and HM101(b)

      图  5  ROV06站位(左)和HM101站位(右)正构烷烃相对含量(%)和CPI变化

      Fig.  5.  variation of CPI and relative amount of n⁃alkanes of ROV06(left) and HM101(right)

      图  6  ROV06站位sn2⁃羟基古醇/古醇(a)、ai⁃C15/iso⁃C15脂肪酸(b)、C16:1ω5/iso⁃C15脂肪酸(c)比值变化

      Fig.  6.  Variation of ratios of sn2⁃OH⁃Ar/Ar (a), ai⁃C15/iso⁃C15 fatty acids(b), C16:1ω5/iso⁃C15 fatty acids (c) from site ROV06

      图  7  HM101站位sn2⁃羟基古醇/古醇(a)、ai⁃C15/iso⁃C15脂肪酸(b)、C16:1ω5/iso⁃C15脂肪酸(c)比值变化

      Fig.  7.  Variation of ratio of Ar/sn2⁃OH⁃Ar (a), ai⁃C15/iso⁃C15 fatty acids (b), C16:1ω5/iso⁃C15 fatty acids (c) from site HM101

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